Monday, December 28, 2020

TheList 5564

The List 5564     TGB

To All

Good Monday Morning December 28

I hope your last weekend of 2020 was a good one.

Regards,

Skip

 

This Day in Naval History

Dec. 28

1905—The dry dock Dewey leaves Solomon's Island, MD, en route through the Suez Canal to the Philippines to serve as repair base. It is the longest towing job accomplished at the time, guided by the tug Potomac, a pair of colliers Brutus and Caesar, and the store ship Glacier, arriving at its destination nearly six months later, July 10, 1906.

1941—Rear Adm. Ben Moreell, chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks, requests construction battalions be recruited.

1944—USS Dace (SS 247) attacks a Japanese convoy off Cape Varella, French Indochina and sinks supply ship Nozaki and damages Chefoo Maru.

1982—USS New Jersey (BB 62), the first of four Iowa-class battleships, is recommissioned for the third time after her original 1943 commissioning.

1990—USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN 71) and USS America (CV 66) Carrier Battle Groups deploy from Norfolk, VA, for the Middle East to join Operation Desert Shield. 

 

Thanks to CHINFO

Executive Summary:

•           Trade press continued coverage of USS John S. McCain's FONOP in the South China Sea on Thursday.

•           National press reported on President Trump's signing of COVID-19 relief and government funding legislation.

•           National press reported on concerns surrounding new variant of Coronavirus found in Britain.

 

 

This Day in History: December 28

1688 William of Orange makes a triumphant march into London as James II flees.

 

1694 George I of England gets divorced.

 

1846 Iowa is admitted as the 29th State of the Union.

 

1872 A U.S. Army force defeats a group of Apache warriors at Salt River Canyon, Arizona Territory, with 57 Indians killed but only one soldier.

 

1904 Farmers in Georgia burn two million bales of cotton to prop up falling prices.

 

1920 The United States resumes the deportation of communists and suspected communists.

 

1927 U.S. Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg suggests a worldwide pact renouncing war.

 

1933 President Franklin D. Roosevelt states, "The definite policy of the United States, from now on, is one opposed to armed intervention."

 

1936 Benito Mussolini sends planes to Spain to support Francisco Franco's forces.

 

1938 France orders the doubling of forces in Somaliland; two warships are sent.

 

1946 The French declare martial law in Vietnam as a full-scale war appears inevitable.

 

1948 Premier Nokrashy Pasha of Egypt is assassinated by a member of the outlawed Muslim Brotherhood because of his failure to achieve victory in the war against Israel.

 

1951 The United States pays $120,000 to free four fliers convicted of espionage in Hungary.

 

1965 The United States bars oil sales to Rhodesia.

 

1968 Israel attacks an airport in Beirut, destroying 13 planes.

 

1971 The U.S. Justice Department sues Mississippi officials for ignoring the voting ballots of blacks in that state.

 

 

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Thanks to Al

Monday Morning Humor and Thoughts for New Year's

Youth is when you're allowed to stay up for new year's. Middle age is when you're forced to.

 

New Year's resolution—something that goes in one year and out the other.

This New Year's, I'm going to make a resolution I can keep—no dieting all year long.

I see no need to make more New Year's resolutions when the ones already on the books aren't being enforced.

 

 

Submitted by Skip Leonard:

 

If you can…

…Start the day without caffeine,

…Always be cheerful, ignoring aches and pains,

…Resist complaining and boring people with your troubles,

…Eat the same food every day and be grateful for it,

…Understand when your loved ones are too busy to give you any time,

…Take criticism and blame without resentment,

…Conquer tension without medical help,

…Relax without alcohol, 

…Sleep without the aid of drugs,

Then you are probably the family dog.  And you thought I was going to get all spiritual ...

…Handle every stressful situation like a dog.

…If you can't eat it or play with it, pee on it and walk away

 

 

Submitted by John Hudson:

My goal for 2020 was to lose 10 pounds. Only have 14 to go.

I just did a week's worth of cardio after walking into a spider web.

I don't mean to brag, but I finished my 14-day diet food supply in 3 hours and 20 minutes.

I may not be that funny or athletic or good looking or smart or talented. I forgot where I was going with this.

I love approaching 75, I learn something new every day and forget five other things.

Having plans sounds like a good idea until you have to put on clothes and leave the house.

Life is like a helicopter. I don't know how to operate a helicopter.

It's probably my age that tricks people into thinking I'm an adult.

If 2020 was a math word-problem: If you're going down a river at 2 MPH and your canoe loses a wheel, how much pancake mix would you need to re-shingle your roof?

I'm at a place in my life where errands are starting to count as going out.

Cronacoaster: noun; the ups and downs of a pandemic. One day you're loving your bubble, doing work outs, baking banana bread and going for long walks and the next you're crying, drinking gin for breakfast and missing people you don't even like.

Don't be worried about your smartphone or TV spying on you. Your vacuum cleaner has been collecting dirt on you for years.

I'm getting tired of being part of a major historical event.

We all get heavier as we get older, because there's a lot more information in our heads. That's my story and I'm sticking to it.

 

 

Submitted by Dave Harris:

One day 2020 will be the one-word catchphrase for everything messed up and bad;

"How's your day?" 

"A total 2020." 

"Say no more…"

In 20 years when kids ask about the 2020 toilet paper shortage, I'm telling them we had to drag our behinds across the lawn…in the snow…uphill…both ways.

This too shall pass.  It might pass like a kidney stone, but it will pass.

 

 

     If you woke up this morning with more health than illness...you are more fortunate than the million who will not survive this week.
     If you have never experienced the danger of battle, the loneliness of imprisonment, the agony of torture, or the pangs of starvation ... you are ahead of 500 million people in the world.
     If you can attend a church meeting without fear of harassment, arrest, torture, or death...you are more blessed than three billion people in the world.
     If you have food in the refrigerator, clothes on your back, a roof overhead and a place to sleep...you are richer than 75% of this world.
     If you have money in the bank, in your wallet, and spare change in a dish someplace, you are among the top 8% of the world's wealthy.
     If your parents are still alive and still married...you are very rare, even in the United States.
     If you hold up your head with a smile on your face and are truly thankful...you are fortunate because the majority can, but most do not.
     If you can hold someone's hand, hug them or even touch them on the shoulder, you are blessed because you can offer healing touch.
     If you can read this message, you just received a double blessing in that someone was thinking of you, and furthermore, you are more fortunate than over two billion people in the world that cannot read at all.
     Have a great year, count your blessings, and pass this along to remind everyone else how fortunate we all are.

 

 

     Late one New Year's Eve, I arrived at the address where someone had requested a taxi. I honked but no one came out. I honked again, nothing. So I walked to the door and knocked.
     "Just a minute", answered a frail, elderly voice. I could hear something being dragged across the floor.
After a long pause, the door opened. A small woman in her 90's stood before me. She was wearing a print dress and a pillbox hat with a veil pinned on it, like somebody out of a 1940s movie. By her side was a small nylon suitcase. The apartment looked as if no one had lived in it for years. All the furniture was covered with sheets. There were no clocks on the walls, no knickknacks or utensils on the counters. In the corner was a cardboard box filled with photos and glassware.
     "Would you carry my bag out to the car?" she said. I took the suitcase to the cab, and then returned to assist the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the cab.
     She kept thanking me for my kindness. "It's nothing", I told her. "I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated".
     "Oh, you're such a good boy", she said. When we got in the cab, she gave me an address, and then asked, "Could you drive through downtown?"
     "It's not the shortest way," I answered quickly.
     "Oh, I don't mind," she said. "I'm in no hurry. I'm on my way to a hospice".
     I looked in the rear-view mirror. Her eyes were glistening. "I don't have any family left," she continued. "The doctor says I don't have very long."
     I quietly reached over and shut off the meter. "What route would you like me to take?" I asked. For the next two hours, we drove through the city.
     She showed me the building where she had once worked as an elevator operator. We drove through the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived when they were newlyweds. She had me pull up in front of a furniture warehouse that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.
     Sometimes she'd ask me to slow in front of a particular building or corner and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.
     As the first hint of sun was creasing the horizon, she suddenly said, "I'm tired. Let's go now"
     We drove in silence to the address she had given me. It was a low building, like a small convalescent home, with a driveway that passed under a portico. Two orderlies came out to the cab as soon as we pulled up. They were solicitous and intent, watching her every move. They must have been expecting her.
     I opened the trunk and took the small suitcase to the door. The woman was already seated in a wheelchair. "How much do I owe you?" she asked, reaching into her purse.
     "Nothing," I said
     "You have to make a living," she answered.
     "There are other passengers," I responded.
     Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto me tightly. "You gave an old woman a little moment of joy," she said. "Thank you."
     I squeezed her hand, and then walked into the dim morning light. Behind me, a door shut. It was the sound of the closing of a life.
     I didn't pick up any more passengers that shift. I drove aimlessly lost in thought. For the rest of that day, I could hardly talk. What if that woman had gotten an angry driver, or one who was impatient to end his shift? What if I had refused to take the run, or had honked once, then driven away?
     On a quick review, I don't think that I have done anything more important in my life. We're conditioned to think that our lives revolve around great moments.  But great moments often catch us unaware-beautifully wrapped in what others may consider a small one.
     People may not remember exactly what you did, or what you said, but they will always remember how you made them feel.

 

 

Consider passing this to any who you may think should read it…

 

Near to the door

He paused to stand

As he took his class ring

Off her hand

All who were watching

Did not speak

As a silent tear

Ran down his cheek

And through his mind

The memories ran

Of the moments they walked

And ran in the sand hand and hand

But now her eyes were so terribly cold

For he would never again

Have her to hold

They watched in silence

As he bent near

And whispered the words......

"I LOVE YOU" in her ear

He touched her face and started to cry

As he put on his ring and wanted to die

And just then the wind began to blow

As they lowered her casket

Into the snow....

This is what happens

To man alive.....

When friends let friends....

Drink and drive.

 

 

And one more…

Went to a Party, Mom

 

I went to a party, and remembered what you said.

You told me not to drink, Mom, so I had a Sprite instead.

 

I felt proud of myself, the way you said I would,

That I didn't drink and drive, though some friends said I should.

 

I made a healthy choice, and your advice to me was right,

The party finally ended, and the kids drove out of sight.

 

I got into my car, sure to get home in one piece,

I never knew what was coming, Mom, something I expected least.

 

Now I'm lying on the pavement, and I hear the policeman say,

The kid that caused this wreck was drunk, Mom, his voice seems far away.

 

My own blood's all around me, as I try hard not to cry.

I can hear the paramedic say, this girl is going to die.

 

I'm sure the guy had no idea, while he was flying high,

Because he chose to drink and drive, now I would have to die.

 

So why do people do it, Mom, knowing that it ruins lives?

And now the pain is cutting me like a hundred stabbing knives.

 

Tell sister not to be afraid, Mom, tell Daddy to be brave,

And when I go to heaven, put "Daddy's Girl" on my grave.

 

Someone should have taught him that it's wrong to drink and drive.

Maybe if his parents had, I'd still be alive.

 

My breath is getting shorter, Mom, I'm getting really scared.

These are my final moments and I'm so unprepared.

 

I wish that you could hold me Mom as I lie here and die.

I wish that I could say, "I love you, Mom!" so I love you and good-bye.

I wish you a happy, healthy and prosperous 2021 and beyond,

Al

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This Day in U S Military History December 28

1835 – Osceola leads his Seminole warriors in Florida into the Second Seminole War against the United States Army. On December 23, 1835 two companies of US troops, totaling 110 men, left Fort Brooke under the command of Maj. Francis L. Dade. Seminoles shadowed the marching soldiers for five days. On December 28 the Seminoles ambushed the soldiers, and killed all but three of the command, which became known as the Dade Massacre. Only three white men survived; Edwin De Courcey, was hunted down and killed by a Seminole the next day. The two survivors, Ransome Clarke and Joseph Sprague, returned to Fort Brooke. Only Clarke, who died of his wounds a few years later, left any account of the battle from the Army's perspective. Joseph Sprague was unharmed and lived quite a while longer, but was not able to give an account of the battle as he had sought immediate refuge in a nearby pond. The Seminoles lost just three men, with five wounded. On the same day as the Dade Massacre, Osceola and his followers shot and killed Wiley Thompson and six others outside of Fort King.

1867 – U.S. claims Midway Island, first territory annexed outside Continental limits. The atoll was sighted on July 5, 1859, by Captain N.C. Middlebrooks, though he was most commonly known as Captain Brooks, of the sealing ship Gambia. The islands were named the "Middlebrook Islands" or the "Brook Islands". Brooks claimed Midway for the United States under the Guano Islands Act of 1856, which authorized Americans to occupy uninhabited islands temporarily to obtain guano. On August 28, 1867, Captain William Reynolds of the USS Lackawanna formally took possession of the atoll for the United States; the name changed to "Midway" some time after this. The atoll became the first Pacific island annexed by the U.S. government, as the Unincorporated Territory of Midway Island, and administered by the United States Navy. Midway is the only island in the entire Hawaiian archipelago that was not later part of the State of Hawaii.

1941 – Chief of Bureau of Yards and Docks requests that construction battalions be recruited. The need for a militarized Naval Construction Force to build advance bases in the war zone was self-evident. Therefore, Rear Admiral Ben Moreell determined to activate, organize, and man Navy construction units. On 28 December 1941, he requested specific authority to carry out this decision, and on 5 January 1942, he gained authority from the Bureau of Navigation to recruit men from the construction trades for assignment to a Naval Construction Regiment composed of three Naval Construction Battalions. This is the actual beginning of the renowned Seabees, who obtained their designation from the initial letters of Construction Battalion. Admiral Moreell personally furnished them with their official motto: Construimus, Batuimus — "We Build, We Fight."

1972 – After 11 days of round-the-clock bombing (with the exception of a 36-hour break for Christmas), North Vietnamese officials agree to return to the peace negotiations in Paris. The Linebacker II bombing was initiated on December 18 by President Richard Nixon when the North Vietnamese, who walked out of the peace negotiations in Paris, refused his ultimatum to return to the talks. During the course of the bombing, 700 B-52 sorties and more than 1,000 fighter-bomber sorties dropped an estimated 20,000 tons of bombs, mostly over the densely populated area between Hanoi and Haiphong. During the ensuing battle, the North Vietnamese launched their entire stock of more than 1,200 surface-to-air missiles against the U.S. planes. Fifteen B-52s and 11 other U.S. aircraft were lost, along with 93 flyers downed, killed, missing or captured. Hanoi claimed heavy damage and destruction of densely populated civilian areas in Hanoi, Haiphong, and their suburbs. The bombing resulted in the deaths of 1,318 in Hanoi. While some news reporters alleged that the U.S. was guilty of "carpet bombing" the area (deliberately targeting civilian areas with intensive bombing to "carpet" a city with bombs), the bombing was intended to focus on specific military targets. The Linebacker II bombing was effective in bringing the North Vietnamese back to the negotiating table. When they returned to Paris, the peace talks moved along quickly. On January 23, 1973, the United States, North Vietnam, the Republic of Vietnam, and the Viet Cong signed a cease-fire agreement that took effect five days later.

 

Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day

None this Day

 

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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for December 28, 2020 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY

 28 December

1942: Capt Robert O. D. Sullivan, first aviator to fly 100 times across the Atlantic Ocean, completed his 100th trip by flying from New York to Portugal. He made his first flight on 28-29 January 1938 from New York to Marseilles, France. (24)

1943: VIII Bomber Command formed a "Radio Countermeasure Unit," with 24 specially-equipped heavy bombers to support bombing missions. (4)

1952: KOREAN WAR. An SA-16 crew of the 3d Air Rescue Squadron picked up a downed pilot in the Yellow Sea north of Cho-do. He was in the water less than three minutes. (28)

1957: Capt James E. Bowman (U. S. Army) set a 30,335-foot world altitude record for helicopters in a Cessna YH41 Seneca at Wichita. (24)

 

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World News for 28 December thanks to Military Periscope

 

USA—Elbit Joins Field For Wheeled Howitzer Competition Breaking Defense | 12/28/2020 Elbit Systems of America has been invited to participate in a U.S. Army shoot-off for truck-mounted 155-mm howitzers, reports Breaking Defense. On Dec. 17, the company announced that it had been selected to provide its Autonomous Truck-Mounted Ordnance System (ATMOS) to the live-fire evaluation, which is scheduled for early 2021 at Yuma Proving Ground, Ariz., reported Defense News. The ATMOS is in service in Israel and a few other countries. The Israeli variant is mounted on an 8 x 8 truck. The system is equipped with a semi-automatic loader, but Elbit has developed an autoloader that will soon be ready for integration with Israeli systems. The U.S. Army is seeking a new mobile howitzer system that can provided improved range, rate of fire and mobility for its medium-weight Stryker brigade combat teams, which currently depend on the towed M777 lightweight howitzer. Other firms that have confirmed that they have been invited to the shoot-off include BAE Systems, offering the Archer, in service with Sweden; Nexter, offering its Caesar; and Serbia's Yugoimport, with its NORA B-52. AM General is expected to take part with its Brutus system, although the company has declined to confirm whether it has been invited. Each participant must provide 18 evaluation systems for the demonstration. The winner is expected to begin delivering howitzers to the Army in the first quarter of fiscal 2023. 

 

USA—In Rare Exercise, French, American Attack Subs Work Together In Pacific U.S. Pacific Fleet | 12/28/2020 U.S. Navy and French nuclear attack submarines recently completed a joint exercise in the waters off Guam, reports the U.S. Pacific Fleet. Earlier this month, USS Asheville and the French submarine Emeraude conducted a series of at-sea drills. The Emeraude is on a scheduled deployment to the Western Pacific accompanied by the support vessel Seine. The subs practiced high-end maritime skills in a multitude of disciplines designed to enhance interoperability, including anti-surface and anti-submarine exercises, the fleet said. 

 

France—2015 Paris Train Attacker Sentenced To Life In Prison Guardian | 12/28/2020 A terrorist who attempted to massacre passengers on a train in northern France has been sentenced to life in prison, reports the Guardian (U.K.). In August 2015, Ayoub El-Khazzani opened fire with an assault rifle on a train traveling from Amsterdam to Paris, injuring two before he was wrestled to the ground and disarmed by four passengers. On Dec. 17, El-Khazzani, a Morrocan national, was convicted of attempted murder in connection with terrorism, possession of weapons linked to terrorism and participation in a terrorist group. French intelligence agencies believe that the attack was masterminded by Abdelhamid Abaaoud from Syria, who is also thought to be behind the November 2015 Paris attacks that killed 130, prosecutors said. Three others were sentenced to seven to 27 years in prison as accomplices to the attack, reported BBC News. 

 

Netherlands—New Frigate To Be Developed With Germany Naval News | 12/28/2020 The Dutch and German navies have signed an agreement to cooperate on the development of a new frigate design, reports Naval News. Dutch State Secretary for Defense Barbara Visser and her German counterpart, Benedikt Zimmer, signed the cooperation agreement during a virtual conference on Dec. 17, reported the Dutch Ministry of Defense. Under the deal, Germany and the Netherlands will work together on the research and development and procurement of a new frigate to replace the Dutch De Zeven Provincien-class and the German Sachsen-class warships. The program is designed to benefit both Dutch and German industry. The ministers also signed separate agreements covering cooperation on a short-range light anti-tank weapon replacement and electronic warfare capabilities.

 

Russia—1st Serial Production Su-57 Delivered Tass | 12/28/2020 The Russian air force has received its first serially produced Su-57 fighter jet, reports the Tass news agency (Moscow). The aircraft was delivered to the aerospace force in the Southern Military District on Friday, a defense industry source said. Another four jets are scheduled for delivery in 2021. The initial five jets feature the Saturn/Lyulka 117S engine, based on the engine used in the Su-27. Su-57s equipped with a new powerplant are scheduled to be assembled in 2022, Rostec officials said earlier this month. A contract for 76 of the advanced jets was signed in 2019, with deliveries to be concluded by the end of 2028. 

 

Turkey—Defense Exports To Tunisia Top US$150 Million Anadolu News Agency | 12/28/2020 Turkish defense exports to Tunisia totaled US$150 million in 2020, reports Turkey's Anadolu Agency. Defense Industries Presidency (SSB) chief Ismail Demir made the announcement during a video conference call with Tunisian officials on Dec. 24. The sales included Anka medium-altitude, long-endurance (MALE) uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) from Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI); Kirpi mine-resistant ambush-protected (MRAP) vehicles from BMC; Ejder Yalcin armored vehicles by Nurol Makina; tankers and armored vehicles from Katmerciler; and electro-optic systems from Aselsan. The SSB coordinated the sales, which included the first export agreement for the Anka drone, reported the Daily Sabah (Istanbul). Turkish banks have also provided an estimated US$80 million in loans for the sales, reported Haberturk. 

 

Russia—Air Force Orders 10 New Il-78 Tankers Defense-Aerospace | 12/28/2020 The Russian air force has signed a contract for new aerial refueling aircraft, reports defense-aerospace.com. Deputy Minister of Defense Alexei Krivoruchko signed the deal for 10 new Il-78M-90A tanker aircraft during a visit to the Aviastar-SP plant in Ulyanovsk, reported the United Aircraft Corp. (UAC) on Dec. 18. The value and timeline of the contract was not disclosed. The Il-78M-90A is based on the upgraded Il-76MD-90A transport, which features new PS-90A-76 engines. The tanker configuration provides an updated refueling station, flight and navigation equipment and a glass cockpit.

 

Kazakhstan—King Air ISR Aircraft Sought From U.S. U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Agency | 12/28/2020 The government of Kazakhstan has requested the sale of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) aircraft from the U.S., reports the U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Agency. The proposed US$128.1 million deal covers two King Air B300ER aircraft outfitted for ISR missions. The possible deal also includes three Raytheon AST TITAN communications intelligence (COMINT) sensor suites (one spare); three Leonardo Osprey 30 active electronically scanned array (AESA) radars; three Wescam MX-15HDi electro-optical infrared turret systems (one spare); and three Sierra Nevada Small SWAP Auto Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) systems; and associated support, training and spares. The proposed sale would enhance Kazakhstan's ability to conduct border security missions, the agency said. 

 

Japan—Longer-Range Anti-Ship Missiles Eyed To Deter China Asahi Shimbun | 12/28/2020 Japan wants to develop longer-range anti-ship missiles to strengthen its defenses against Chinese aggression in the East China Sea, reports the Asahi Shimbun. On Dec. 18, Japanese Defense Minister Nobuo Kishi said that new anti-ship missiles would be developed to hit warship targets at greater ranges. The new weapons would be deployed to defend Japan's southwestern Okinawa island chain, including the disputed Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea. Tokyo has become increasingly concerned about Chinese activity in the region, including incursions into the waters around the Senkakus. The new standoff missiles will be based on truck-based weapons with a range of 120 miles (200 km) that are already deployed on the Okinawa islands. The new missiles will fit into Japan's anti-access area denial (A2/AD) strategy to deter foreign forces from operating in its territorial waters. 

 

Philippines—10 Rebels Killed In Operation In South Philippine Daily Inquirer | 12/28/2020 At least 10 communist rebels have been killed in an operation in the Mindanao region in the southern Philippines, reports the Philippine Daily Inquirer. On Friday, troops launched a combined air and ground operation against a ceremony held by the New People's Army (NPA) in Palimbang in Sultan Kudarat province, said Maj. Gen. Juvymax Uy, the commander of the 6th Infantry Division. About 200 NPA members had gathered near Mount Lumuton to observe the 52nd anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of the Philippines, he said. Ten people were killed in the operation. Eight were positively identified as rebels. Two more were identified as suspected rebels by residents of a nearby village. Separately, soldiers of the 6th Division encountered another detachment of NPA fighters in an ambush near the town of Kalamansig on Sunday, killing three and wounding four, reported the Philippine Star. 

 

Pakistan—Foreign Minister Accuses India Of Planning 'Surgical Strike' Dawn | 12/28/2020 The Pakistani foreign minister says that intelligence shows that India is planning a surgical strike, reports the Dawn (Pakistan). Foreign Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi made his accusations during a press conference in Abu Dhabi on Dec. 18 during a visit to the United Arab Emirates. New Delhi allegedly sought tacit approval for the strike from "important players they consider to be their partners," he said, as quoted by Al Jazeera (Qatar). Qureshi emphasized that Pakistan would respond effectively to any attack. Pakistani National Security Adviser Moeed Yusuf called on the global community to prevent India from destabilizing the region with such an attack.

 

Pakistan—7 Paramilitaries Die In Baluchistan Ambush Dawn | 12/28/2020 At least seven paramilitaries have been killed in an attack in Pakistan's western Baluchistan province, reports the Dawn (Karachi). On Saturday, militants attacked a Frontier Corps checkpoint in the Harnai district, the official Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) said in a statement. Sources told Reuters that militants launched their attack with rockets and followed up with small arms. At least six other paramilitaries were injured in the assault. The troops repulsed the attack and subsequently cordoned off the area to prevent the militants from escaping. There were no immediate claims of responsibility. Several ethnic Balochi groups are active in the region. 

 

Syria—6 Killed In Suspected Israeli Strikes On Missile Facilities In Hama Province Syrian Observatory for Human Rights | 12/28/2020 Six pro-government fighters have been killed in an airstrike in central Syria, reports the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (U.K.). On Dec. 25, missiles launched from Lebanese airspace struck a defense research center in the Masyaf district in western Hama province. Warehouses and manufacturing centers for short- and medium-range missiles belonging to Iranian militias were destroyed in the attack, the observatory said. The state-run Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) claimed that "most" of the missiles launched in the strikes were intercepted. This could not be immediately verified. Missiles also hit the al-Talae camp in the Sheikh Ghadban area of the Masyaf district. All those killed in the strikes were reportedly foreigners fighting with paramilitary groups loyal to the government of Bashar Assad. There were no immediate claims of responsibility. Israel was suspected.

 

Nigeria—Boko Haram Blamed For Deadly Christmas Eve Assault Cable News Network | 12/28/2020 Several people have been killed in an attack in Nigeria's northeastern Borno state, reports CNN. On Dec. 24, gunmen on motorbikes entered the Christian-majority town of Pemi on trucks and motorbikes, a local leader told Agence France-Presse. Witnesses said the attack took place during a Christmas parade. The attackers burned down a church, a food dispensary and at least 10 houses. local officials said. The militants kidnapped at least seven people, including the priest. As many as 11 people were killed in the assault, said local sources.   Officials had warned of potential attacks during the Christmas holiday. Many fled into the bush to avoid an attack. Locals blamed Boko Haram, which has been conducting regular assaults in the area since 2018. 

 

Central African Republic—3 Peacekeepers Killed In Rising Violence Ahead Of Elections U.N. News Center | 12/28/2020 Three U.N. peacekeepers have been killed in attacks ahead of elections in the Central African Republic, reports the U.N. News. On Friday, separate attacks against blue helmets and C.A.R. security forces in Dekoa, in the central Kemo prefecture, and Bakouma, in the western Mbomou prefecture, killed three Burundian peacekeepers and injured two, Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said in a statement. The attacks by unknown gunmen were part of a surge of violence ahead of presidential and parliamentary polls, which began on Sunday. Incumbent President Faustin-Archange Touadera has accused his predecessor, Francois Bozize, of fomenting violence as part of a coup attempt, reported BBC News. Meanwhile, Russia has said that it has sent 300 military instructors to the C.A.R. but denied any involvement in the fighting. About 55,000 people have been displaced as a result of rising instability. Bozize has rejected allegations of a coup but has supported calls by rebels to boycott the election. The results of the voting are anticipated by Jan. 4.

 

Mozambique—Hundreds Of Thousands Flee Violence In North British Broadcasting Corp. | 12/28/2020 Violence in Mozambique's northern Cabo Delgado province has driven hundreds of thousands of people from their homes this year, reports BBC News. More than 420,000 civilians have fled their homes this year, a fourfold increase over 2019, said officials with the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Tens of thousands have fled to the port city of Pemba. The U.S. State Dept. has warned that city is vulnerable to attack due to the proximity of militants. Islamic State-linked militants have stepped up their attacks this year. The crisis is further exacerbated by government failures as well as the behavior of companies involved in the mining and offshore energy industries, said UNHCR officials. The Mozambican government has been using private security contractors to bolster its forces combating the insurgency. The ongoing violence and concerns that it could expand beyond Cabo Delgado has increased pressure on authorities to accept support or potentially an intervention from its neighbors. Maputo has reportedly resisted such aid over concerns that it could result in increased outside influence and spotlight its failures. 

 

 

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Sunday, December 27, 2020

TheList 5563



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To All

Good Sunday Afternoon December 27

I managed to go through some more email.

Regards,

Skip

Thanks to Carl……Good article on Unit 731 the group that was mentioned in Yesterday's description of what the Japanese had planned for San Diego in September of 1945

DIRTY LITTLE SECRETS 13: Unit 731---Japan's Crown Jewel of War Crimes



(My mother-in-law was a young girl in Japan during WWII. She has many very interesting stories from that time! One is that the Japanese people were told that the Americans had yellow hair and green eyes! She thinks the senior military leadership was approving the atrocities like the one described below and the Emperor did not know!

She will soon be 92 and lives alone at the Air Force Enlisted Village near Eglin AFB in Fort Walton Beach. She has lost her husband and six adult children—three in 2020.)





DIRTY LITTLE SECRETS 13: Unit 731---Japan's Crown Jewel of War Crimes



By Dick Nelson '64



Most people associate the most horrible war crimes with WWII's Nazis, including the infamous Dr. Josef Mengele, the Auschwitz "Angel of Death." However, the evil "winner" in this category was unquestionably Lt.Gen. Shirō Ishii, the Imperial Japanese Army's Surgeon General and director of the secretive human experimentation facility near Harbin, in occupied Manchuria (now northeast China). This horrific place gave "war crime" new definitions of savagery and depravity. As many as 400,000 people (including Chinese civilians and Allied POWs) died in Dr. Ishii's experiments throughout China. But who was this "doctor of death," and what happened to him?



Shirō Ishii was a Japanese microbiologist, army medical officer, and war criminal who served as the director of Unit 731, the main biological warfare unit of the Imperial Japanese Army. Ironically, the unit's cover name was "Epidemic Prevention and Water Purification Department of the Kwantung Army."



Ishii led the development and application of biological weapons at Unit 731 in Manchukuo (Manchuria) during the Japanese occupation of China, before and during WWII, from 1937 to 1945, including experiments on human subjects. These diabolical experiments had a sinister purpose.



The bubonic plague attacks at Chinese cities of Changde and Ningbo, and the intended "Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night" biological attack against the United States were directly planned and directed by Unit 731.



During the first few months at war with the United States following the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan planned to use biological weapons against Americans. During the Philippines Campaign in March 1942, the Japanese considered releasing 200 lbs. of plague-carrying fleas—about 150 million insects—in each of ten separate attacks on American forces, but the Americans surrendered at Bataan before the plan was implemented. Around November 1944, Japan launched a total of 9,300 incendiary and antipersonnel bombs carried by balloons which were designed to rise to 30,000 ft., swept eastward by the jet stream to the continental United States. These actually killed six American civilians near Bly, Oregon; crashed into a farm in Medford, Oregon; and caused a short circuit in the power lines supplying electricity for the nuclear reactor cooling pumps in the Manhattan Project's production facility at the Hanford Site in Washington. (A backup system restored power.)



During the Battle of Iwo Jima, another biological attack was considered against the invading Americans. Pilot Shoichi Matsumoto later recounted how two gliders carrying pathogens were supposed to be towed over the battle and released, but the gliders that were to take off from mainland Japan to Matsumoto's airfield in Pingfang District in preparation for the attack never reached their destination.



During the last months of the war, Ishii was preparing for a long-distance attack on the United States with biological weapons. This operation, codenamed "Cherry Blossoms at Night," called for the use of airplanes to spread plague in San Diego at night. The plan was finalized on March 26, 1945. Five of the new I-400-class long-range submarines were to be sent across the Pacific Ocean, each carrying three aircraft loaded with plague-infected fleas. The submarines were to surface and launch the aircraft towards the target, either to drop the plague via balloon bombs, or to crash in enemy territory. Either way, the plague would then infect and kill thousands of people in the area. The mission was extremely risky for the pilots and submariners, likely a one-way Kamikaze mission. The plan was scheduled to begin on September 22, 1945 but was not realized because of the surrender of Japan on August 15, 1945. The people of San Diego probably never knew how close they had come to being wiped out.



Ishii and Unit 731 engaged in forced human experimentation on civilians and prisoners of war and were responsible for some of the most notorious war crimes of Imperial Japan during the Pacific War. In a perverted version of Operation Paperclip (the importation of the Nazi rocket scientists), Gen. Ishii and Unit 731 were granted full immunity in the International Military Tribunal for the Far East by Gen. MacArthur and the United States government in exchange for information and research to aid the U.S. biological warfare program.

Even surpassing the Nazi doctors, Gen. Ishii's organization used prisoners (including some unidentified Allied POWs) for the following experiments. Some of the tests have been described as "psychopathically sadistic, with no conceivable military application":

· Surgical dismemberment (vivisection) without anesthesia

· Testing of weapons and explosives on the human body

· Biological infection (cholera, anthrax, plague, tuberculosis, etc.)

· Chemical weapons exposure

· Hypobaric (low pressure) chamber exposure

· Deprivation of food and water until death

· Frostbite testing

· Electrocution

· Injection of animal blood

· Effect of centrifuge "g" force limits on the human body

· Radiation tolerance

· Chemical weapons within gas chambers

· Crushing prisoners with heavy objects

· Burning or burying prisoners alive

· Rape and/or forced pregnancy

· Syphilis exposure



As the Pacific War came to an end, Soviet troops swept into Manchuria. The unit had to abandon their work in haste. Tokyo ordered the destruction of all incriminating materials. Potential witnesses, such as the 300 remaining POWs, were either gassed or fed poison while the 600 Chinese and Manchurian laborers were shot. Ishii ordered every member of the staff to disappear and "take the secret to the grave." Potassium cyanide vials were issued for use in the event that the remaining personnel were captured. Ishii's Japanese troops blew up the compound in the final days of the war to destroy evidence of their activities, but many were sturdy enough to remain somewhat intact.



While the Soviets wanted to try Ishii and the Unit 731 staff for war crimes, Gen. MacArthur secretly granted immunity to the physicians and staff of Unit 731, including their leader, in exchange for providing America---but not the other wartime allies---with their research on biological warfare and data from human experimentation. American occupation authorities monitored the activities of former unit members, including reading and censoring their mail. The Americans believed that the research data was invaluable, and did not want other nations, particularly the Soviet Union, to acquire data on biological weapons.



Apparently, the Unit 731 data, including files, were transferred to the U.S. Army's Ft. Detrick biological research facility, and the Unit 731 participants were allowed to lead normal lives in Japan. It is suspected that Lt.Gen. Ishii was brought to Ft. Detrick and worked there in secret for several years, assisting U.S. bio-warfare efforts. He died in Tokyo in 1959 of cancer, never having to pay for his crimes.

**

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Thanks to Bunga

CV64 "Connie" SURGEX December 27th, 1978 - Dates in History

Merry Christmas Skip! Hope this finds you and yours well! Don't know if this makes the cut, but I think this was the first major deployment to US Interests in the Arabian Gulf since before WWII. I know we all had our wives over for a 4-6 week limited availability and Christmas Holidays.....then we got word the Shah had fallen and we were getting underway the next day, December 27th, 1978......and we are still there!

Check Six!

Bunga

On September 26, 1978, the "Connie" sailed west again beginning her 11th deployment. On Dec. 27, the Battle Group was directed to the vicinity of Singapore in response to the internal crisis in Iran and because of vital U.S. interests in the Arabian Gulf area, but on January 2, 1979, the President directed USS Constellation and her escort ships to remain on station in the South China Sea and not enter the Indian Ocean. The BG was released from contingency operations in the South China Sea on Jan. 28. The crisis in Iran abated when the Shah of Iran departed for exile on January 16. Due to the uneasy situation in Iran all U.S. government dependents and nonessential American citizens were ordered to evacuate the country on January 30. The BG was ordered to the Gulf of Aden on March 7 in response to the conflict between North and South Yemen. On April 16, CV 64 was relieved by USS Midway as the Indian Ocean contingency carrier. USS Constellation returned to San Diego May 17.



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Thanks to THE Bear via Dutch …



Dutch... Here's an ex-carrier skipper's Christmas note to a legion of old shipmates on Facebook... Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻



Begin forwarded message:



From: Jerry Taylor

Date: December 24, 2020


From the bridge, so to speak. Adventurers, patriots and old warriors of the great warship Coral Sea. Tactical call: Mustang. Merry Christmas and Happy 2021…



2020 is about to fall astern. Good riddance. But 2021 won't be any easier. Our nation is divided and political infighting is tearing us apart. Unless stouthearted men and women step forward to follow the cadence of inspiring leaders, who know what needs to be done, and together we are able to put our ship of state on a new course away from shoal water, disaster lies dead ahead for America. Time is short.


Grit and self-sacrifice by all Americans will be required in the new year. Grit and self-sacrifice are qualities that have always been abundant in the brave hearts and fighting spirit of Coral Sea sailors through the ages. In this new year, much will be expected of each us as our nation struggles to set a new course. I would expect old warhorses from Coral Maru — Mustang — to be among the first to step forward and do some duty for our country as the year and historic events unfold. 2021 will be a perilous journey and very memorable year. Buckle-up.


To my old shipmates, and all Coral Sea sailors: I wish you and your families a Merry Christmas and a healthy, happy new year…


Bear Taylor, Mustang One, CO-CVA-43 (1983-1984)...




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Skip:

FWIW; this is in response – and endorsement – of Bear's words, Above. You may use/edit as you see fit.

I was CAG (CVW-14) on "Mustang" when Bear was CO and want him and all Coral Sea sailors – and all CAG-14 sailors – to know that "CAG" has taken up Bear's challenge and remains in the battle to protect and preserve our Nation a Constitutional Republic, as our Founders intended. We are in danger of drifting – rapidly – into that shoal water (and the Marxist/Socialist Swamp), unless we take up the mantle of leadership and duty inbred since our founding and, personally and professionally, since we assumed the mantle of Service and Sacrifice for our God, our Nation and our Families.

I'm sitting on Cat 3, saluting…Launch 'em!!!

Roy "Outlaw" Cash

CAPT USN (Retired)





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This Day in U S Military History



1846 – The rag-tag army of volunteers known as Doniphan's Thousand, led by Colonel Alexander W. Doniphan, wins a major victory in the war with Mexico with the occupation of El Paso. Born in Kentucky in 1808, Doniphan moved to Missouri in 1830 to practice law. But the tall redheaded man was not satisfied with fighting only courtroom battles, and he volunteered as a brigadier general in the Missouri militia. When war between Mexico and the U.S. erupted in 1846, the men of the 1st Missouri Mounted Volunteers elected Doniphan their colonel, and marched south to join General Stephen Kearny's army in New Mexico. Since they were not professional military men, Doniphan's troops cared little for the traditional spit-and-polish of the regular troops, and reportedly looked more like tramps than soldiers. Likewise, Doniphan was a casual officer who led more by example than by strict discipline. Nonetheless, Doniphan's Thousand proved to be a surprisingly effective force in the war with Mexico. In December, Doniphan led 500 of his men and a large wagon train of supplies south to join General John E. Wool in his planned invasion of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. Before he had a chance to meet up with Wool's larger force near the city of Chihuahua, Doniphan encountered an army of 1,200 Mexican soldiers about 30 miles north of El Paso, Texas. Although his opponents had twice the number of soldiers, Doniphan led his men to victory, and with the path to El Paso now largely undefended was able to occupy the city two days later. When nearing the Mexican border, Doniphan learned that General Wool's forces had broken off their invasion of Chihuahua because the army's wheeled vehicles had proved unworkable in the desert landscape. But rather than turn back, Doniphan reassembled his army to its full force of about 1,000 men and was allowed to proceed with the invasion unassisted. Once again grossly outnumbered-the Mexican army was four times the size of Doniphan's-the Missouri troops were still able to quickly break through the defensive lines and occupy Chihuahua City. By mid-summer 1847, Doniphan's victorious army reached the Gulf Coast, where they were picked up by ships and taken to New Orleans for discharge. By then, the focus of the battle had shifted to General Winfield Scott's campaign to take Mexico City. In September of that year, Scott's troops ended the war by successfully occupying Mexico City, and for the first time in U.S. history an American flag flew over a foreign capital. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed early in 1848, gave the U.S. the vast western territory stretching from Texas to the Pacific and north to Oregon.

1943 – The threat of a paralyzing railroad strike loomed over the United States during the 1943 holiday season. President Franklin Roosevelt stepped in to serve as a negotiator, imploring the rail unions to give America a "Christmas present" and settle the smoldering wage dispute. But, as Christmas came and went, only two of the five railroad brotherhoods agreed to let Roosevelt arbitrate the situation. So, on December 27, just three days before the scheduled walk-out, the President shelved his nice-guy rhetoric and seized the railroads. Lest the move look too aggressive, Roosevelt assured that the railroads would only be temporarily placed under the "supervision" of the War Department; he also pledged that the situation would not alter daily rail operations. The gambit worked, as officials for the recalcitrant brotherhoods made an eleventh-hour decision to avert the strike. The action was taken under the wartime Labor Disputes Act. The railroads were returned to private management on January 18, 1944.

1944 – Attacks by the British 30th Corps (part of US 1st Army) force the German 2nd Panzer Division (an element of 5th Panzer Army) out of Celles. The US 3rd Army expands the corridor to Bastogne.



1944 – The US 8th Air Force bombs Coblenz, Bonn and Kaiserslautern (nominally railway targets). The RAF conducts nighttime raids on Munchen-Gladbach and Bonn.



1945 – Foreign ministers from the former Allied nations of the United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain agreed to divide Korea into two separate occupation zones and to govern the nation for five years.

1950 – Lieutenant General Matthew B. Ridgway took command of U.N. ground forces in Korea. Ridgway was a former commander of the 82nd Airborne Division and XVIII Airborne Corps in Europe during World War II. Upon assuming command, he moved immediately to the front to learn the situation first hand. Concurrently with Ridgway's assumption of command, X Corps passed from control of General Headquarters, Far East Command, to the Eighth Army.



1950 – Captain Marcus L. Sullivan became the first Army aviator to pilot a helicopter, a Bell H-13, in Korea.

1968 – Apollo 8, the first manned mission to the moon, returns safely to Earth after an historic six-day journey. On December 21, Apollo 8 was launched by a three-stage Saturn 5 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida, with astronauts Frank Borman, James Lovell, Jr., and William Anders aboard. On Christmas Eve, the astronauts entered into orbit around the moon, the first manned spacecraft ever to do so. During Apollo 8's 10 lunar orbits, television images were sent back home and spectacular photos were taken of the Earth and the moon from the spacecraft. In addition to being the first human beings to view firsthand their home world in its entirety, the three astronauts were also the first to see the dark side of the moon. On Christmas morning, Apollo 8 left its lunar orbit and began its journey back to Earth, landing safely in the Pacific Ocean on December 27. On July 20 of the following year, Neil A. Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission, became the first men to walk on the moon.

1969 – In the fiercest battle in six weeks, U.S. and North Vietnamese forces clash near Loc Ninh, about 80 miles north of Saigon. Elements of the 1st Infantry Division reported killing 72 of 250 North Vietnamese soldiers in a daylong battle. Loc Ninh, a village of fewer than 10,000 people, was located at the northern limit of national Route 13, only a few miles from the Cambodian border. It was the site of several major battles between U.S. and Communist forces. On April 5, 1972, as part of their Easter Offensive, North Vietnamese forces overtook Loc Ninh during their attempt to capture the An Loc provincial capital to the south.

2012 – Retired General Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., commander of the combined coalition forces during the Gulf War, dies from pneumonia complications at age 78.



Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day

MORTON, CHARLES W.
Rank and organization: Boatswain's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 1836, Ireland. Accredited to: Maryland. G.O. No.: 11, 3 April 1863. Citation: Serving as boatswain's mate on board the U.S.S. Benton during the Yazoo River Expedition, 23 to 27 December 1863. Taking part in the hour_and_a_half engagement with the enemy at Drumgould's Bluff, 27 December, Morton served courageously throughout the battle against the hostile forces, who had the dead range of the vessel and were punishing her with heavy fire, until the Benton was ordered to withdraw.

ROBINSON, CHARLES
Rank and organization: Boatswain's Mate, U.S. Navy. Born: 1832 Scotland. Accredited to: New York. G.O. No.: 11, 3 April 1863. Citation: Serving on board the U.S.S. Baron de Kalb, Yazoo River Expedition, 23 to 27 December 1862. Proceeding under orders up the Yazoo River, the U.S.S. Baron de Kalb, with the object of capturing or destroying the enemy's transports, came upon the steamers John Walsh, R. J. Locklan, Golden Age, and the Scotland sunk on a bar where they were ordered fired. Continuing up the river, she was fired on by the enemy, but upon returning the fire, caused the rebels to retreat. Returning down the Yazoo, she destroyed and captured large quantities of enemy equipment and several prisoners. Serving bravely throughout this action, Robinson, as boatswain's mate, "d1stinguished himself in the various actions."

WILLIAMS, ROBERT
Rank and organization: Signal Quartermaster, U.S. Navy. Born: 1837, New York, N.Y. Accredited to: New York. G.O. No.: 11, 3 April 1863. Citation: Serving as quartermaster on board the U.S.S. Benton during the Yazoo River Expedition, 23 to 27 December 1862. Taking part in the hour_and_a_half engagement with the enemy at Drumgould's Bluff, 27 December, Williams served courageously throughout that battle against hostile forces in which the enemy had the dead range of the vessel and were punishing her with heavy fire and, for various other action in which he took part during the Yazoo River Expedition.

WHITELEY, ELI
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, U.S. Army, Company L, 15th Infantry, 3d Infantry Division. Place and date: Sigolsheim, France, 27 December 1944. Entered service at: Georgetown, Tex. Birth: Florence, Tex. G.O. No.: 79, 14 September 1945. Citation: While leading his platoon on 27 December 1944, in savage house-to-house fighting through the fortress town of Sigolsheim, France, he attacked a building through a street swept by withering mortar and automatic weapons fire. He was hit and severely wounded in the arm and shoulder; but he charged into the house alone and killed its 2 defenders. Hurling smoke and fragmentation grenades before him, he reached the next house and stormed inside, killing 2 and capturing 11 of the enemy. He continued leading his platoon in the extremely dangerous task of clearing hostile troops from strong points along the street until he reached a building held by fanatical Nazi troops. Although suffering from wounds which had rendered his left arm useless, he advanced on this strongly defended house, and after blasting out a wall with bazooka fire, charged through a hail of bullets. Wedging his submachinegun under his uninjured arm, he rushed into the house through the hole torn by his rockets, killed 5 of the enemy and forced the remaining 12 to surrender. As he emerged to continue his fearless attack, he was again hit and critically wounded. In agony and with 1 eye pierced by a shell fragment, he shouted for his men to follow him to the next house. He was determined to stay in the fighting, and remained at the head of his platoon until forcibly evacuated. By his disregard for personal safety, his aggressiveness while suffering from severe wounds, his determined leadership and superb courage, 1st Lt. Whiteley killed 9 Germans, captured 23 more and spearheaded an attack which cracked the core of enemy resistance in a vital area.

JENNINGS, DELBERT O.
Rank and organization: Staff Sergeant, U.S. Army, Company C, 1st Battalion (Airborne), 12th Cavalry, 1st Air Cavalry Division. Place and date: Kim Song Valley, Republic of Vietnam, 27 December 1966. Entered service at: San Francisco, Calif. Born: 23 July 1936, Silver City, N. Mex. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life above and beyond the call of duty. Part of Company C was defending an artillery position when attacked by a North Vietnamese Army regiment supported by mortar, recoilless-rifle, and machine gun fire. At the outset, S/Sgt. Jennings sprang to his bunker, astride the main attack route, and slowed the on-coming enemy wave with highly effective machine gun fire. Despite a tenacious defense in which he killed at least 12 of the enemy, his squad was forced to the rear. After covering the withdrawal of the squad, he rejoined his men, destroyed an enemy demolition crew about to blow up a nearby howitzer, and killed 3 enemy soldiers at his initial bunker position. Ordering his men back into a secondary position, he again covered their withdrawal, killing 1 enemy with the butt of his weapon. Observing that some of the defenders were unaware of an enemy force in their rear, he raced through a fire-swept area to warn the men, turn their fire on the enemy, and lead them into the secondary perimeter. Assisting in the defense of the new position, he aided the air-landing of reinforcements by throwing white phosphorous grenades on the landing zone despite dangerously silhouetting himself with the light. After helping to repulse the final enemy assaults, he led a group of volunteers well beyond friendly lines to an area where 8 seriously wounded men lay. Braving enemy sniper fire and ignoring the presence of booby traps in the area, they recovered the 8 men who would have probably perished without early medical treatment. S/Sgt. Jenning's extraordinary heroism and inspirational leadership saved the lives of many of his comrades and contributed greatly to the defeat of a superior enemy force. His actions stand with the highest traditions of the military profession and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.





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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for December 27, 2020 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY



27 December

1925: Daniel Guggenheim set up a $2.5million fund to promote aeronautics and speed the development of American aviation. (8: Dec 90)

1935: The 5th Group (Composite) dropped bombs to redirect the Mauna Loa lava flow away from the waterworks at Hilo, Hawaii. (21) (24)

1942: Flying his P-38 Lightning against the Japanese in the Pacific, 2Lt Richard I. Bong scored his first two aerial victories. He later became the top ace in the war. (21)

1951: KOREAN WAR. Far East Air Forces aircraft flew 900 sorties, the largest number of the month, to damage or destroy locomotives, railcars, buildings, vehicles, and gun positions. (28)

1952: KOREAN WAR. Through 31 December, the 581st Air Resupply and Communications Wing flight of four H-19 helicopters at Seoul flew several experimental agent insertion sorties into enemy territory for covert and clandestine intelligence activities. (28)

1955: Douglas Aircraft Company received a contract for the Thor intermediate-range ballistic missile's airframe. (6)

1970: The 374th Tactical Airlift Wing flew the last C-130A mission in South Vietnam. The mission recovered at Naha AB, Japan on the 28 December. Thereafter, the Military Assistance Command's (Vietnam) airlift structure no longer included C-130As. (17)

1989: Operation JUST CAUSE. The Military Airlift Command began flying humanitarian assistance missions to Panama. (8: Mar 90)

1992: Operation SOUTHERN WATCH. Two F-16 Fighting Falcons from the 363rd Fighter Wing at Shaw AFB, N. C., intercepted two MiG-25s in the "no-fly" zone in Southern Iraq. The 33rd Fighter Squadron Commander, Lt Col Gary North, fired an AIM-120A missile and shot down a MiG-25. The event featured several firsts: the first combat use of the AIM-120A, the first beyond visual range kill, and the first USAF F-16 air-to-air victory. (16) (20)

2003: On 26 December, a 6.7 earthquake hit in Iran's southeastern Kerman Province near the historic city of Bam. From 27 to 29 December, the Air Mobility Command flew several humanitarian airlift missions to help the earthquake victims. A single C-5 flew from Travis AFB, Calif., to Kuwait City International Airport, where passengers and cargo transferred to C-130s for an airlift to Kerman AB, Iran. Nine C-130 missions and two C-17 missions eventually carried 338,000 pounds of cargo to Kerman. On 28 December, a 137th Airlift Wing (Oklahoma Air Guard) C-130H became the first USAF asset to land in Iran in over 20 years. (22)

 
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