The List 6177
Good Monday Morning August 1 .
I hope that you all had a great weekend
Regards,
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This Day in Navy and Marine Corps History:
August 1
1801 The schooner, USS Enterprise, commanded by Lt. Andrew Sterett, encounters the Barbary corsair, Tripoli, west of Malta. After a three-hour battle, USS Enterprise broadsides the vessel, forcing Tripolis surrender.
1849 - Pope Pius IX and King Ferdinand of the Two Sicilies, briefly visit USS Constitution and marks the first time that a Roman Catholic pope steps foot on American territory.
1921 A high-altitude bombsight, mounted on a gyroscopically stabilized base was successfully tested at Torpedo Station, Yorktown, Va. This test was the first phase of Carl L. Nordens development of an effective high-altitude bombsight, which became known as the Norden Bombsight.
1944 PBY aircraft attacked Japanese convoy, sink ammunition ship, Seia Maru, in Taliaboe Bay, Soela Island. Also on this date, USS Puffer (SS 268) damages Japanese oiler, Sunosaki, northeast of Borneo.
1946 President Harry S. Truman approves legislation establishing the Office of Naval Research (ONR), charging ONR to "...plan, foster and encourage scientific research in recognition of its paramount importance as related to the maintenance of future naval power, and the preservation of national security..."
1952 During the Korean War, USS Carmick (DMS 33) is fired on by enemy shore guns in the vicinity of Songjin lighthouse. Returning fire, Carmicks battery fire silences the guns.
1961 Adm. George W. Anderson, Jr., takes office as the 16th Chief of Naval Operations, serving until Aug. 1, 1963. During Adm. Anderson's tenure as CNO, he oversaw the U.S. Navy's quarantine of Cuba, thus enabling the Kennedy administration to compel the Soviet Union to remove its nuclear weapons from the island.
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This day in History
1464 Piero de Medici succeeds his father, Cosimo, as ruler of Florence.
1664 The Turkish army is defeated by French and German troops at St. Gotthard, Hungary.
1689 James II's siege of Londonderry, Ireland, ends in failure. James' force had suffered some 8,000 casualties to the defenders' 3,600.
1740 Thomas Arne's song "Rule Britannia" is performed for the first time.
1759 British and Hanoverian armies defeat the French at the Battle of Minden, Germany.
1791 Robert Carter III, a Virginia plantation owner, frees all 500 of his slaves in the largest private emancipation in U.S. history. An 1839 mutiny aboard a Spanish ship in Cuban waters raised basic questions about freedom and slavery in the United States.
1798 Admiral Horatio Nelson routs the French fleet in the Battle of the Nile at Aboukir Bay, Egypt.
1801 The American schooner Enterprise captures the Barbary cruiser Tripoli. Often venturing into harm's way, America's most famous sailing ship, the Constitution, twice came close to oblivion.
1834 Slavery is abolished throughout the British Empire.
1864 Union General Ulysses S. Grant gives general Philip H. Sheridan the mission of clearing the Shenandoah Valley of Confederate forces. After nearly 10 months of trench warfare, Confederate resistance at Petersburg, Virginia, suddenly collapsed.
1872 The first long-distance gas pipeline in the U.S. is completed. Designed for natural gas, the two-inch pipe ran five miles from Newton Wells to Titusville, Pennsylvania.
1873 San Francisco's first cable cars begin running, operated by Hallidie's Clay Street Hill Railroad Company.
1880 Sir Frederick Roberts frees the British Afghanistan garrison of Kandahar from Afghan rebels.
1893 A machine for making shredded wheat breakfast cereal is patented.
1914 Germany declares war on Russia.
1937 The Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany becomes operational.The Nuremberg Trial would later bring high-ranking Nazis to justice.
1939 Synthetic vitamin K is produced for the first time.
1941 The Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo plane makes its first flight.
1942 Ensign Henry C. White, while flying a J4F Widgeon plane, sinks U-166 as it approaches the Mississippi River, the first U-boat sunk by the U.S. Coast Guard.
1943 Over 177 B-24 Liberator bombers attack the oil fields in Ploesti, Romania, for a second time.
1944 The Polish underground begins an uprising against the occupying German army, as the Red Army approaches Warsaw.
1946 President Harry S Truman establishes the Atomic Energy Commission.
1950 Lead elements of the U.S. 2nd Infantry Division arrive in Korea from the United States.
1954 The Geneva Accords divide Vietnam into two countries at the 17th parallel.
1957 US and Canada create North American Air Defense Command (NORAD).
1960 Singer Chubby Checker releases "The Twist," creating a new dance craze. The song had been released by Hank Ballard and the Midnighters the previous year but got little attention.
1964 Arthur Ashe becomes the first African-American to play on the U.S. Davis Cup tennis team.
1966 Charles Whitman, shooting from the Texas Tower at the University of Texas, kills 16 people and wounds 31 before being killed himself.
1988 Conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh begins his national radio show.
2004 In Asuncion, Paraguay, a fire in the Ycua Bolanos V supermarket complex kills nearly 400 people and injures 500.
2007 The I-35W bridge at Minneapolis, Minnesota, collapses into the Mississippi River during evening rush hour, killing 13 people and injuring 145.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Thanks to THE BEAR
… For The List for Monday, 1 August 2022… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 1 August 1967… LBJ's support for the war starts to crumble…
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War
. Listed by last name and has other info
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Now that was one tuff Dodge....
So you went out and spent $40k - 60k on a new 4-wheel drive truck and put big off-road tires on it so you could get to work out in the oilfields. You could have just bought a 1920's era Dodge!
As this video demonstrates, our roads have come a long way in 94 years. One must wonder if many of our 4 wheel drive and ATV's could do as well as this old Dodge sedan did.
This is amazing old footage! and it just keeps going......
CLICK ON:
Oilfield Dodge1920
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Thanks to Brett
Geopolitical Futures:
Keeping the future in focus
Daily Memo: Kosovo Frictions, Australian LNG Supplies
NATO's peacekeeping mission said it was prepared to intervene if stability is threatened.
By: GPF Staff
August 1, 2022
Kosovo tensions. Kosovar Serbs blocked roads and set up barricades in protest of authorities' decision to ban cars with Serbian licenses plates and documents from entering Kosovo beginning Aug. 1. Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic accused Kosovo of planning to attack, though the time he said the attack would begin has already come and gone. Kosovar authorities subsequently postponed adoption of the law by a month. Meanwhile, NATO's peacekeeping mission in Kosovo said in a statement that it was prepared to intervene if stability is threatened, and Turkey's foreign minister spoke with his counterparts in Serbia and Kosovo about reducing tensions.
LNG supply. Australia, the world's largest liquefied natural gas exporter, will decide in October to restrict natural gas exports unless domestic producers can prove the country has adequate supplies for next year. It follows a consumer watchdog's forecast of a 10 percent supply shortfall in 2023.
Maritime doctrine. Russian President Vladimir Putin approved a new Maritime Doctrine that says U.S. maritime dominance and increased NATO activity are the main security threats to Russia.
No plans. Chinese property giant Evergrande failed to deliver a preliminary debt restructuring plan that it had promised by July 31. Instead, it offered details on restructuring principles for its offshore debt and said it hopes to announce a specific offshore restructuring plan this year.
Korean drills. The South Korea and U.S. militaries will simulate repelling attacks and mounting counterattacks as part of their major combined training later this month.
Iraqi protests. Iraqi Shiite cleric and prominent politician Moqtada al-Sadr called for a nationwide protest on Monday afternoon. Critics accuse al-Sadr of planning a coup and called a counter-protest in Baghdad's Green Zone.
Blinken travels. U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken departs this week for a nine-day tour of Asia and Africa, with stops in Cambodia, the Philippines, South Africa, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda.
Philippine power. Russia is prepared to help the Philippines build a nuclear power plant, Russia's ambassador to the country said. He also gave an update on bilateral negotiations on the supply of fertilizers and noted the Philippines' interest in building a partnership in the energy sector.
China and Central Asia. Kyrgyz President Sadyr Zhaparov and Chinese State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi met on Saturday to discuss economic cooperation. They agreed to enhance their strategic partnership. Next, Wang visited the Tajik president.
Also from Brett
Stratfor - The Weekly Rundown: Grain Shipments From Ukraine, Pelosi's Trip to Asia
What We're Tracking
The first shipment under the Russia-Ukraine grain deal. Grain shipments will likely commence next week, according to the office of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, who on July 29 at the port of Chornomorsk attended the loading of the first ship set to export grain from a Ukrainian Black Sea port under the Russia-Ukraine deal struck July 22. Zelensky emphasized that Ukraine is now entirely ready to begin exports, and said they would start in the coming days. Initial shipments to demonstrate the deal's viability are likely, although uncertainty on key details, including those related to insurance and the exact coordinates of the shipping routes, will likely prevent the ramping-up of shipments for a few more weeks.
Senegalese legislative elections. Senegal's main opposition coalition, Yewwi Askan Wi, on July 31 will vie for a legislative majority against President Macky Sall's ruling party. Tensions have intensified in Senegal since the country's Constitutional Council banned a list of opposition candidates from participating in the election, resulting in violence between protesters and police in mid-June that saw three people killed. This round of polling is particularly charged, as opposition groups have warned that a renewed legislative majority for the ruling party would likely lead to support for Sall's anticipated bid for an unconstitutional third term in 2025.
Erdogan meets Putin in Sochi. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan on Aug. 5 will visit Russian President Vladimir Putin in Sochi, Russia, part of Turkey's balancing act between its allies in the West and Russia. The pair will likely discuss the grain deal to bring Black Sea wheat back onto the world market, possible future Russian investments in Turkey and perhaps the sale of Turkish drones to Russia, which Moscow has expressed interest in after their combat performance in Syria, Libya and Ukraine against Russian or Russian-backed forces. They will also likely discuss Syria, where Russian forces still act as a blocking force to a Turkish operation in the north of the country against Kurdish militants. Erdogan did not receive greenlight for such an operation during a trilateral summit with Putin and Iranian President Ibrahim Raisi in Tehran earlier this July. With no Iranian delegation at Sochi and Tehran more opposed to greater Turkish control of Syria than Russia, Erdogan might press Putin more directly to allow another Turkish operation in Syria.
Pelosi's Asia trip begins. U.S. Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi will leave on a tour of Asia on July 29, with stops in Japan, Singapore and Indonesia. She has yet to confirm whether she will visit Taiwan, a stop that could prompt diplomatic tensions between China and the United States, and even a military show of force. Beijing has announced three military exercises in the South China Sea in the coming days, including one 240 kilometers (about 150 miles) from Taiwan's Pratas Island, while a U.S. aircraft carrier group has moved from Singapore to the South China Sea. Pelosi's decision to visit and China's potential response to it (e.g., imposing a no-fly zone over Taiwan) could change the status quo for U.S.-China military deterrence regarding Taiwan, which could make surprise political crises like Pelosi's potential visit more common.
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Thanks to Al
Monday Morning Humor--Thoughts
Submitted by Mark Logan:
For those who love the philosophy of ambiguity, as well as the idiosyncrasies of English:
• One tequila, two tequila, three tequila...floor.
• Atheism is a non-prophet organization.
• If man evolved from monkeys and apes, why do we still have monkeys and apes?
• The main reason that Santa is so jolly is because he knows where all the bad girls live.
• I went to a bookstore and asked the saleswoman, "Where's the self-help section?" She said if she told me, it would defeat the purpose.
• What if there were no hypothetical questions?
• If a deaf child signs swear words, does his mother wash his hands with soap?
• If someone with multiple personalities threatens to kill himself, is it considered a hostage situation?
• Is there another word for synonym?
• Where do forest rangers go to "get away from it all?"
• What do you do when you see an endangered animal eating an endangered plant?
• If a parsley farmer is sued, can they garnish his wages?
• Would a fly without wings be called a walk?
• Why do they lock gas station bathrooms? Are they afraid someone will break in and clean them?
• If a turtle doesn't have a shell, is he homeless or naked?
• Can vegetarians eat animal crackers?
• If the police arrest a mute, do they tell him he has the right to remain silent?
• Why do they put Braille on the drive-through bank machines?
• How do they get deer to cross the road only at those yellow road signs?
• What was the best thing before sliced bread?
• One nice thing about egotists: they don't talk about other people.
• Does the little mermaid wear an algebra?
• Do infants enjoy infancy as much as adults enjoy adultery?
• How is it possible to have a civil war?
• If one synchronized swimmer drowns, do the rest drown too?
• If you ate both pasta and antipasto, would you still be hungry?
• If you try to fail, and succeed, which have you done?
• Whose cruel idea was it for the word 'lisp' to have 's' in it?
• Why are hemorrhoids called "hemorrhoids" instead of "assteroids?"
• Why is it called tourist season if we can't shoot at them?
• Why is there an expiration date on sour cream?
• If you spin an Oriental man in a circle three times, does he become disoriented?
• Can an atheist get insurance against acts of God?
Submitted by Mike Ryan:
Thoughts at the intersection between truth and humor …
• How many of us have looked around our family reunion and thought "Well aren't we just two clowns short of a circus?"
• The Devil whispered to me, "I'm coming for you." I whispered back, "Bring pizza."
• Don't be worried about your smartphone or TV spying on you. Your vacuum cleaner has been collecting dirt on you for years.
• If you can't think of a word, say, I forgot the English word for it. That way people will think you're bilingual instead of an idiot
• I'm at a place in my life where errands are starting to count as going out.
• I'm getting tired of being part of a major historical event.
• I don't always go the extra mile, but when I do, it's because I missed my exit.
• My goal for 2021 was to lose 10 pounds. When the year ended, I only had 14 to go.
• I just did a week's worth of cardio after walking into a spider web.
• I don't mean to brag, but I finished my 14-day diet food supply in 3 hours and 20 minutes.
• A recent study has found women who carry a little extra weight live longer than men who mention it.
• Kids today don't know how easy they have it. When I was young, I had to walk 9 feet through shag carpet to change the TV channel.
• Senility has been a smooth transition for me.
• Remember back when we were kids and every time it was below freezing outside they closed school? Yeah, me neither.
• I may not be that funny or athletic or good looking or smart or talented. I forgot where I was going with this.
• I love being 80, I learn something new every day and forget 5 other things.
• A thief broke into my house last night. He started searching for money so I got up and searched with him.
• I think I'll just put an "Out of Order" sticker on my forehead and call it a day.
• Just remember, once you're over the hill, you begin to pick up speed.
• Having plans sounds like a good idea until you have to put on clothes and leave the house.
• It's weird being the same age as old people.
• When I was a kid I wanted to be older . . this is not what I expected.
• Life is like a helicopter. I don't know how to operate a helicopter.
• It's probably my age that tricks people into thinking I'm an adult.
• Marriage Counselor: Your wife says you never buy her flowers. Is that true? Me: To be honest, I never knew she sold flowers.
• Never sing in the shower! Singing leads to dancing, dancing leads to slipping, and slipping leads to paramedics seeing you naked. So remember. . . . Don't sing!
• If 2021 was a math word-problem: If you're going down a river at 2 MPH and your canoe loses a wheel, how much pancake mix would you need to re-shingle your roof?
• I see people about my age mountain climbing; I feel good getting my leg through my underwear without losing my balance.
• So if a cow doesn't produce milk, is it a milk dud or an udder failure?
Submitted by Colleen Grosso:
• English is the only language where you drive in parkways and park in driveways.
• It's also the only language where you recite in a play and play in a recital.
• The word 'queue' is just a 'q' followed by four silent letters.
• 'Jail' and 'prison' are synonyms. But 'jailer' and 'prisoner' are antonyms.
• Your fingers have fingertips but your toes don't have toetips.
• Yet, you can tiptoe but not tipfinger.
• When you transport something by car, it's called a shipment. But when you transport something by ship, it's called cargo.
Submitted by Diane Yanke:
Paraprosdokians…
• Where there's a will, I want to be in it.
• The last thing I want to do is hurt you. But it's still on my list.
• Since light travels faster than sound, some people appear bright until you hear them speak.
• If I agreed with you, we'd both be wrong.
• We never really grow up; we only learn how to act in public.
• War does not determine who is right…only who is left.
• Knowledge is knowing a tomato is a fruit…Wisdom is not putting it in a fruit salad.
• To steal ideas from one person is plagiarism. To steal from many is research.
• I didn't say it was your fault, I said I was blaming you.
• In filling out an application, where it says, 'In case of emergency, Notify:' I put 'DOCTOR'.
• Women will never be equal to men until they can walk down the street with a bald head and a beer gut, and still think they are sexy.
• You do not need a parachute to skydive. You only need a parachute to skydive twice.
• I used to be indecisive. Now I'm not so sure.
• To be sure of hitting the target, shoot first and call whatever you hit the target.
• Going to church doesn't make you a Christian any more than standing in a garage makes you a mechanic.
• You're never too old to learn something stupid.
• I'm supposed to respect my elders, but it's getting harder and harder for me to find one now.
Submitted by Skip Leonard:
Punny or truth…
• The fattest knight at King Arthur's round table was Sir Cumference. He acquired his size from too much pi.
• I thought I saw an eye-doctor on an Alaskan island, but it turned out to be an optical Aleutian.
• She was only a whisky-maker, but he loved her still.
• A rubber-band pistol was confiscated from an algebra class, because it was a weapon of math disruption.
• No matter how much you push the envelope, it'll still be stationery.
• A dog gave birth to puppies near the road and was cited for littering.
• A grenade thrown into a kitchen in France would result in Linoleum Blownapart.
• Two silk worms had a race. They ended up in a tie.
• A hole has been found in the nudist-camp wall. The police are looking into it.
• Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana.
• Two hats were hanging on a hat rack in the hallway. One hat said to the other: 'You stay here; I'll go on a head.'
• I wondered why the baseball kept getting bigger. Then it hit me.
• A sign on the lawn at a drug rehab center said: 'Keep off the Grass.'
• The midget fortune-teller who escaped from prison was a small medium at large.
• The soldier who survived mustard gas and pepper spray is now a seasoned veteran.
• A backward poet writes inverse.
• In a democracy it's your vote that counts. In feudalism it's your count that votes.
• When cannibals ate a missionary, they got a taste of religion.
• If you jumped off the bridge in Paris, you'd be in Seine.
• A vulture carrying two dead raccoons boards an airplane. The stewardess looks at him and says, 'I'm sorry, sir, only one carrion allowed per passenger.'
• Two fish swim into a concrete wall. One turns to the other and says, 'Dam!'
• Two Eskimos sitting in a kayak were chilly, so they lit a fire in the craft. Unsurprisingly it sank, proving once again that you can't have your kayak and heat it too.
• Two hydrogen atoms meet. One says, 'I've lost my electron.' The other says, 'Are you sure?' The first replies, 'Yes, I'm positive.'
• Did you hear about the Buddhist who refused Novocain during a root- canal? His goal: transcend dental medication.
Have a great week,
Al
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This Day in U S Military History…….August 1
1941 – Parade magazine called it "…the Army's most intriguing new gadget…a tiny truck which can do practically everything." During World War I, the U.S. Army began looking for a fast, lightweight all-terrain vehicle, but the search did not grow urgent until early 1940. At this time, the Axis powers had begun to score victories in Europe and Northern Africa, intensifying the Allies' need for an all-terrain vehicle. The U.S. Army issued a challenge to automotive companies, requesting a working prototype, fit to army specifications, in just 49 days. Willy's Truck Company was the first to successfully answer the Army's call, and the new little truck was christened "the Jeep." General Dwight D. Eisenhower said that America could not have won World War II without it. Parade was so enthusiastic about the Jeep, that, on this day, it devoted three full pages to a feature on the vehicle.
1942 – Ensign Henry C. White, while flying a J4F Widgeon plane, sank U-166 as it approaches the Mississippi River, the first U-boat sunk by the U.S. Coast Guard. In the summer of 1942, German submarines put saboteurs ashore on American beaches.
1943 – Operation Tidal Wave: The American Eighth Air Force began staging a series of heavy bomber air raids against the oil fields and refineries around Ploesti. These fields furnished about 80% of the Nazis' petroleum requirements and were a key military target. Of the 177 B-24 Liberator bombers, 50 are lost.
1943 – A Japanese destroyer rams an American PT (patrol torpedo) boat, No. 109, slicing it in two. The destruction is so massive other American PT boats in the area assume the crew is dead. Two crewmen were, in fact, killed, but 11 survived, including Lt. John F. Kennedy. Japanese aircraft had been on a PT boat hunt in the Solomon Islands, bombing the PT base at Rendova Island. It was essential to the Japanese that several of their destroyers make it to the southern tip of Kolombangara Island to get war supplies to forces there. But the torpedo capacity of the American PTs was a potential threat. Despite the base bombing at Rendova, PTs set out to intercept those Japanese destroyers. In the midst of battle, Japan's Amaqiri hit PT-109, leaving 11 crewmen floundering in the Pacific. After five hours of clinging to debris from the decimated PT boat, the crew made it to a coral island. Kennedy decided to swim out to sea again, hoping to flag down a passing American boat. None came. Kennedy began to swim back to shore, but strong currents, and his chronic back condition, made his return difficult. Upon reaching the island again, he fell ill. After he recovered, the PT-109 crew swam to a larger island, what they believed was Nauru Island, but was in fact Cross Island. They met up with two natives from the island, who agreed to take a message south. Kennedy carved the distress message into a coconut shell: "Nauru Is. Native knows posit. He can pilot. 11 alive need small boat." The message reached Lieutenant Arthur Evans, who was watching the coast of Gomu Island, located next to an island occupied by the Japanese. Kennedy and his crew were paddled to Gomu. A PT boat then took them back to Rendova. Kennedy was ultimately awarded the Navy and Marine Corps Medal, for gallantry in action. The coconut shell used to deliver his message found a place in history-and in the Oval Office. PT-109, a film dramatizing this story, starring Clift Robertson as Kennedy, opened in 1963.
1944 – After nine days of fighting in a battle termed "the perfect amphibious operation of World War II," MajGen Harry Schmidt, commander of V Amphibious Corps, declared the island of Tinian secured. The combination of surprise, heavy preassault bombardment, and effective logistical support was responsible for Tinian's recapture with a much lower casualty rate (344 killed and 1550 wounded) than had been experienced in previous landings.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
*BAKER, ADDISON E. (Air Mission)
Rank and organization: Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army Air Corps, 93d Heavy Bombardment Group. Place and date: Ploesti Raid, Rumania, 1 August 1943. Entered service at: Akron, Ohio. Born: 1 January 1907, Chicago, Ill. G.O. No.: 20, 11 March 1944. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action with the enemy on 1 August 1943. On this date he led his command, the 93d Heavy Bombardment Group, on a daring low-level attack against enemy oil refineries and installations at Ploesti, Rumania. Approaching the target, his aircraft was hit by a large caliber antiaircraft shell, seriously damaged and set on fire. Ignoring the fact he was flying over terrain suitable for safe landing, he refused to jeopardize the mission by breaking up the lead formation and continued unswervingly to lead his group to the target upon which he dropped his bombs with devastating effect. Only then did he leave formation, but his valiant attempts to gain sufficient altitude for the crew to escape by parachute were unavailing and his aircraft crashed in flames after his successful efforts to avoid other planes in formation. By extraordinary flying skill, gallant leadership and intrepidity, Lt. Col. Baker rendered outstanding, distinguished, and valorous service to our Nation.
*HUGHES, LLOYD H. (Air Mission)
Rank and organization: Second Lieutenant, U.S. Army Air Corps, 564th Bomber Squadron, 389th Bomber Group, 9th Air Force. Place and date: Ploesti Raid, Rumania, 1 August 1943. Entered service at: San Antonio, Tex. Born: 12 July 1921, Alexandria, La. G.O. No.: 17, 26 February 1944. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry in action and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. On August 1943, 2d Lt. Hughes served in the capacity of pilot of a heavy bombardment aircraft participating in a long and hazardous minimum-altitude attack against the Axis oil refineries of Ploesti, Rumania, launched from the northern shores of Africa. Flying in the last formation to attack the target, he arrived in the target area after previous flights had thoroughly alerted the enemy defenses. Approaching the target through intense and accurate antiaircraft fire and dense balloon barrages at dangerously low altitude, his plane received several direct hits from both large and small caliber antiaircraft guns which seriously damaged his aircraft, causing sheets of escaping gasoline to stream from the bomb bay and from the left wing. This damage was inflicted at a time prior to reaching the target when 2d Lt. Hughes could have made a forced landing in any of the grain fields readily available at that time. The target area was blazing with burning oil tanks and damaged refinery installations from which flames leaped high above the bombing level of the formation. With full knowledge of the consequences of entering this blazing inferno when his airplane was profusely leaking gasoline in two separate locations, 2d Lt. Hughes, motivated only by his high conception of duty which called for the destruction of his assigned target at any cost, did not elect to make a forced landing or turn back from the attack. Instead, rather than jeopardize the formation and the success of the attack, he unhesitatingly entered the blazing area and dropped his bomb load with great precision. After successfully bombing the objective, his aircraft emerged from the conflagration with the left wing aflame. Only then did he attempt a forced landing, but because of the advanced stage of the fire enveloping his aircraft the plane crashed and was consumed. By 2d Lt. Hughes' heroic decision to complete his mission regardless of the consequences in utter disregard of his own life, and by his gallant and valorous execution of this decision, he has rendered a service to our country in the defeat of our enemies which will everlastingly be outstanding in the annals of our Nation's history.
*JERSTAD, JOHN L. (Air Mission)
Rank and organization: Major, U.S. Army Air Corps, 9th Air Force. Place and date: Ploesti Raid, Rumania, 1 August 1943. Entered service at: Racine, Wis. Born: 12 February 1918, Racine, Wis. G.O. No.: 72, 28 October 1943. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty. On 1 August 1943, he served as pilot of the lead aircraft in his group in a daring low-level attack against enemy oil refineries and installations at Ploesti, Rumania. Although he had completed more than his share of missions and was no longer connected with this group, so high was his conception of duty that he volunteered to lead the formation in the correct belief that his participation would contribute materially to success in this attack. Maj. Jerstad led the formation into attack with full realization of the extreme hazards involved and despite withering fire from heavy and light antiaircraft guns. Three miles from the target his airplane was hit, badly damaged, and set on fire. Ignoring the fact that he was flying over a field suitable for a forced landing, he kept on the course. After the bombs of his aircraft were released on the target, the fire in his ship became so intense as to make further progress impossible and he crashed into the target area. By his voluntary acceptance of a mission he knew was extremely hazardous, and his assumption of an intrepid course of action at the risk of life over and above the call of duty, Maj. Jerstad set an example of heroism which will be an inspiration to the U.S. Armed Forces.
JOHNSON, LEON W. (Air Mission)
Rank and organization: Colonel, U.S. Army Air Corps, 44th Bomber Group, 9th Air Force. Place and date: Ploesti Raid, Rumania, 1 August 1943. Entered service at: Moline, Kans. Born: 13 September 1904, Columbia, Mo. G.O. No.: 54, 7 September 1943. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry in action and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty on 1 August 1943. Col. Johnson, as commanding officer of a heavy bombardment group, let the formation of the aircraft of his organization constituting the fourth element of the mass low-level bombing attack of the 9th U.S. Air Force against the vitally important enemy target of the Ploesti oil refineries. While proceeding to the target on this 2,400-mile flight, his element became separated from the leading elements of the mass formation in maintaining the formation of the unit while avoiding dangerous cumulous cloud conditions encountered over mountainous territory. Though temporarily lost, he reestablished contact with the third element and continued on the mission with this reduced force to the prearranged point of attack, where it was discovered that the target assigned to Col. Johnson's group had been attacked and damaged by a preceding element. Though having lost the element of surprise upon which the safety and success of such a daring form of mission in heavy bombardment aircraft so strongly depended, Col. Johnson elected to carry out his planned low-level attack despite the thoroughly alerted defenses, the destructive antiaircraft fire, enemy fighter airplanes, the imminent danger of exploding delayed action bombs from the previous element, of oil fires and explosions, and of intense smoke obscuring the target. By his gallant courage, brilliant leadership, and superior flying skill, Col. Johnson so led his formation as to destroy totally the important refining plants and installations which were the object of his mission. Col. Johnson's personal contribution to the success of this historic raid, and the conspicuous gallantry in action, and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty demonstrated by him on this occasion constitute such deeds of valor and distinguished service as have during our Nation's history formed the finest traditions of our Armed Forces.
KANE, JOHN R. (Air Mission)
Rank and organization: Colonel, U.S. Army Air Corps, 9th Air Force. Place and date: Ploetsi Raid, Rumania, 1 August 1943. Entered service at: Shreveport, La. Birth: McGregor, Tex. G.O. No.: 54, 9 August 1943. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry in action and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty on 1 August 1943. On this date he led the third element of heavy bombardment aircraft in a mass low-level bombing attack against the vitally important enemy target of the Ploesti oil refineries. En route to the target, which necessitated a round-trip flight of over 2,400 miles, Col. Kane's element became separated from the leading portion of the massed formation in avoiding dense and dangerous cumulous cloud conditions over mountainous terrain. Rather than turn back from such a vital mission he elected to proceed to his target. Upon arrival at the target area it was discovered that another group had apparently missed its target and had previously attacked ??and damaged the target assigned to Col. Kane's element. Despite the thoroughly warned defenses, the intensive antiaircraft fire, enemy fighter airplanes, extreme hazards on a low-level attack of exploding delayed action bombs from the previous element, of oil fires and explosions and dense smoke over the target area, Col. Kane elected to lead his formation into the attack. By his gallant courage, brilliant leadership, and superior flying skill, he and the formation under his command successfully attacked this vast refinery so essential to our enemies' war effort. Through his conspicuous gallantry in this most hazardous action against the enemy, and by his intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty, Col. Kane personally contributed vitally to the success of this daring mission and thereby rendered most distinguished service in the furtherance of the defeat of our enemies.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for AUGUST 1, 2021 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
Elimination Balloon Race in a 206.4-mile flight from Birmingham to Commerce, Ga. (7)
1939: Capts C. S. Irvine and P. H. Robey used a Boeing YB-17A to set a 34,016.88-foot altitude record with a payload of 11,023 pounds.
1942: The Coast Guard's Squadron 212 sank the first enemy submarine off the passes of the Mississippi. (24)
1943: Operation TIDAL WAVE. In this operation, 177 B-24 Liberators used low-level routes to drop 311 tons of bombs on the Ploesti Oil Refinery in Rumania. This was the first large-scale, minimum-altitude attack against a strongly defended target, and the longest major bombing mission from base to target undertaken to date. MEDALS OF HONOR. During the Ploesti raid, the lead aircraft flown by Lt Col Addison Baker, the 93 BG Commander, received serious damage and caught fire. Baker, who was a mobilized guardsman from Ohio, continued to lead the formation and dropped his bombs before trying to gain enough altitude for the crew to parachute. The attempt failed and the B-24 crashed. For that gallant leadership and intrepidity, Colonel Baker earned the Medal of Honor. In this raid, Col Leon W. Johnson, Col John R. Kane, 2Lt Lloyd H. Hughes, and Maj John L. Jerstad also earned Medals of Honor. The Eighth lost 54 bombers, but successfully reduced Ploesti's refining capacity by 40 percent. (4)(21)
1945: In the largest one-day B-29 combat effort, 851 Superfortresses attacked four Japanese urban areas, a petroleum plant, and mine fields. (24) At Edwards AFB, prototype YP-80As displayed their ability to attack bombers, even when outnumbered by six to one.
1946: Capts B. L. Grubaugh and J. L. England flew a B-29 from New York to Burbank in 7 hours 28 minutes 3 seconds to set a FAI speed record for multi-engined aircraft. (9)
1950: The Collins-Vandenberg Agreement established cooperation between ADC and the Army Antiaircraft Command for the air defense of the US. (16) (24) KOREAN WAR. The USAF established the 6147th Tactical Control Squadron (Airborne) at Taegu for forward air control operations with T-6 aircraft. The 22 BG and 92 BG dispatched 46 B-29s to bomb the Chosen Nitrogen Fertilizer Factory at Hungnam, the largest chemical plant in the Far East. (28)
1951: Canada and the US exchanged diplomatic notes to erect and operate a radar defense network in Canada. (16)
1954: First flight of Convair's XFY-1 vertical takeoff fighter.
1955: The USAF began the first zero gravity research flight in T-33 jet trainers to study the effects of weightlessness. (16) (24)
1956: President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed a bill to include flight instruction in Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) programs. (16)
1958: The US detonated a missile-borne nuclear weapon at high altitude over Johnston Island in the Pacific as part of an anti-ICBM defense program. (16) (24) Capt Marion Boling, a commercial pilot, flew a Beechcraft Bonanza 6,979 miles from Manila, Philippines, to Pendleton, Oreg., to set a distance record for nonstop flight in a single-engine aircraft. (24)
1960: General Thomas S. Power, CINCSAC, accepted the first of 12 operational supersonic B-58 Hustlers to be delivered to the 43 BMW at Carswell AFB. (1)
1961: The AFRES mobilized five C-124 groups and more than 15,000 reservists in response to the construction of the Berlin Wall. (21)
1962: From an underground silo at Vandenberg AFB, the USAF launched its first operationally configured Atlas F. It landed near the Marshall Islands. (6) (12)
1963: NASA's Mariner II, launched on 27 August 1962, completed its first orbit around the sun after a trip of 540 million miles. (26)
1968: The USAF Southern Command flew 13,000 pounds of disaster relief supplies to San Jose, Costa Rica, to aid more victims of the Mount Arenal volcano. (16) (26)
1969: The Air Force added Quicktape, using broadcast tapes recorded in the air from a ground radioman and rebroadcast directly through the plane's loudspeaker, to its psychological warfare program in SEA. (16)
1972: The first B-52 SRAM wing activated on schedule at Loring AFB. 1974: William P. Clements, Jr., the Deputy SECDEF, approved plans for the A-10 close air support aircraft. (12)
1976: Through 2 August, two USAF UH-1 Iroquois helicopter crews saved 81 people stranded by a flash flood in Big Thompson Canyon, Colo. (16) (26)
1987: Rockwell International received a $1.3 billion contract to build a replacement space shuttle for the lost Challenger.
1988: The 177 FG retired the last three F-106 Delta Darts from the USAF's active inventory. Two of the F-106s were A-models and one was a B-model. (26)
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WORLD NEWS FOR 1 AUGUST THANKS TO MILITARY PERISCOPE
USA—Blinken Speaks With Lavrov On Prisoner Exchange, Grain Exports From Ukraine Cable News Network | 08/01/2022 Secretary of State Antony Blinken held a short phone call with his Russian counterpart, Sergey Lavrov, for the first time since Russia launched its unprovoked invasion of Ukraine, reports CNN. During the talks on Friday, Blinken said he "pressed the Kremlin to accept the substantial proposal that we put forth on the release of Paul Whelan and Brittney Griner." The proposal includes an offer to swap convicted Russian arms dealer Viktor Bout. The ministers also discussed the expectation that Moscow would implement its side of the agreement to permit Ukraine to export grain from its Black Sea ports. Blinken also warned Lavrov against trying to annex more of Ukraine, pledging additional costs should Russia continue with its unjustified war. Lavrov blamed U.S. sanctions for complicating the implementation of the grain deal and said that Russia's goals in Ukraine would "be fully implemented."
USA—Electric Boat To Overhaul USS Hartford Sub General Dynamics Electric Boat | 08/01/2022 General Dynamics Electric Boat says it has received a contract modification to overhaul a U.S. Navy submarine. On July 29, the Naval Sea Systems Command awarded the Groton, Conn.-based shipbuilder a $697.9 million contract modification for the repair, maintenance and modernization of USS Hartford (SSN-768). The work will improve the boat's combat capabilities and extend its service life, shipyard officials said. Work under the contract is scheduled to conclude in October 2026.
USA—F-35s Grounded After Ejection Seat Issues Discovered Defense One | 08/01/2022 The U.S. Air Force has suspended flights for most of its advanced jet fighters in the continental U.S. after issues were found with its ejection seat, reports Defense One. Military officials recently reported that problems were found with the explosive cartridges used to propel ejection seats out of their aircraft. On July 26, the Navy said issues with the cartridges were found in variants of the F/A-18, EA-18G Growler and two training jets. Then, on July 29, a spokeswoman for Air Combat Command said that the command had recently ordered inspections of all F-35 ejection seats within the following 90 days. Units under the command would hold a standdown on July 29 to expedite the inspection process, an Air Force spokeswoman said. A decision regarding resuming operations would be made following a review of data gathered from inspections. No other Air Force command had ordered a similar standdown. At the time, the Navy and Marine Corps had not grounded their F-35s.
USA—Space Force To Oversee Military Space Capability Acquisitions Space News | 08/01/2022 The Dept. of Defense has given Space Force the responsibility for coordinating the space procurement requirements for the U.S. military services, reports Space News. The service has been designated the "integrator for joint space requirements," the bulk of which are expected to come from the Army, which is seeking to modernize and expand its satellite-based capabilities. The Army has revealed plans for a "tactical space layer" program and will depend on the Space Force for procurement management, service officials said. The Space Force is working to develop an efficient means to process requests from several services to minimize overlap in capabilities development.
Indonesia—Multinational Super Garuda Shield Drills Kick Off Radio Free Asia | 08/01/2022 The annual Garuda Shield exercise hosted by Indonesia has begun, reports Radio Free Asia. On Monday, the Super Garuda Shield drills, which include a naval component for the first time, kicked off. The training is scheduled to conclude on Aug. 14. About 4,000 mainly Indonesian and U.S. troops are taking part in the exercise in Sumatra and Kalimantan, said the U.S. Embassy in Jakarta. Japanese and Singapore warships will join American and Indonesian vessels for the naval component. Some of the training is taking part in the Riau Islands, the site of incidents with Chinese fishing boats in 2016 and 2020, and where Beijing told Jakarta not to drill for oil near Indonesia's Natuna Islands, which are also in the area.
Philippines—Deal For Russian Choppers Terminated Over Sanctions Threat Aerotime | 08/01/2022 Former Philippine Defense Minister Delfin Lorenzana says Manila has canceled a deal for Russian utility helicopters, reports the Aerotime Hub aviation news portal. On July 26, Lorenzana told wire service reporters that Manila had decided to terminate the US$227 million deal for 16 Mi-17 aircraft over concerns that it could trigger U.S. sanctions. The deal was inked in November 2021 under the previous government of Rodrigo Duterte. Deliveries were expected to begin in 2023. Military officials said the contract would go through a termination process and that Russia could appeal, though it was unlikely to change the result, reported the Asia Pacific Defense Journal news site. Manila had already paid 15 percent of the total contract cost. It was not immediately clear if it could get any of that back or use it toward cancellation costs. Philippine Ambassador to the U.S. Jose Manuel Romualdez said that Washington was aware of the decision and was expected to offer replacements. The Mi-17 was chosen over the CH-47F Chinook for the Philippine air force's heavy-lift helicopter program, in part due to the larger number of aircraft that could be procured under the budget, as noted previously by the MaxDefense Philippines website.
Somalia—Regional Justice Minister Dies In Suicide Blast Shabelle Media Network | 08/01/2022 A suicide bomber killed a senior official in Somalia's South West state government in Baidoa, reports the Shabelle Media Network (Mogadishu). The assailant confronted South West state Justice Minister Hassan Ibrahim Lugbur as he left a mosque in Baidoa following Friday prayers. The bomber detonated explosives strapped to his body, killing Lugbur, his son, some of his bodyguards and an unspecified number of civilians, witnesses said. Eleven others, including another of the minister's sons, were injured in the blast. No group immediately claimed responsibility. Local officials blamed Al-Shabaab for the attack.
Turkey—Further Talks Planned With U.S. On F-16 Deal Hurriyet | 08/01/2022 Turkey and the U.S. will hold technical talks on a potential sale of new F-16 fighters after Congress recently adopted a bill that could hinder the deal, reports the Hurriyet Daily News (Istanbul). Turkey has requested to purchase 40 new F-16s and 79 modernization kits for its existing fleet in order to maintain its security needs and responsibilities as a NATO ally. The request follows its expulsion from the F-35 program over its fielding of Russian S-400 air defense systems. The recently adopted bill requires the White House to certify that the sale is in U.S. interests and that the fighters would not be used to violate Greek airspace. The Senate still has to approve the legislation before it can head to the president's desk. The technical talks are scheduled for Aug. 15, Defense Minister Hulusi Akar said on Monday, noting that U.S. officials had responded positively toward the possible sale.
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