To All.
Good Sunday morning April 5, 2026.The weather is great this morning and is supposed to get to 82 by 2.. Happy Easter Sunday to you and your families and the great news of the rescue of the other F-15 pilot. See the write up below.
skip
HAGD
Thanks to Cowboy for providing the write up.
xDonald J. Trump ©
@realDonald Trump
FROM PRESIDENT DONALD J. TRUMP
WE GOT HIM! My fellow Americans, over the past several hours, the United States Military pulled off one of the most daring Search and Rescue Operations in U.S. History, for one of our incredible Crew Member Officers, who also happens to be a highly respected Colonel, and who I am thrilled to let you know is now SAFE and SOUND! This brave Warrior was behind enemy lines in the treacherous mountains of Iran, being hunted down by our enemies, who were getting closer and closer by the hour, but was never truly alone because his Commander in Chief, Secretary of War, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and fellow Warfighters were monitoring his location 24 hours a day, and diligently planning for his rescue. At my direction, the U.S.
Military sent dozens of aircraft, armed with the most lethal weapons in the World, to retrieve him. He sustained injuries, but he will be just fine. This miraculous Search and Rescue Operation comes in addition to a successful rescue of another brave Pilot, yesterday, which we did not confirm, because we did not want to jeopardize our second rescue operation. This is the first time in military memory that two U.S. Pilots have been rescued, separately, deep in Enemy Territory. WE WILL NEVER LEAVE AN AMERICAN WARFIGHTER BEHIND! The fact that we were able to pull off both of these operations, without a SINGLE American killed, or even wounded, just proves once again, that we have achieved overwhelming Air Dominance and Superiority over the Iranian skies. This is a moment that ALL Americans, Republican, Democrat, and everyone else, should be proud of and united around. We truly have the best, most professional, and lethal Military in the History of the World. GOD BLESS AMERICA, GOD BLESS OUR TROOPS, AND HAPPY EASTER TO ALL!
14.1k ReTruths 55.9k Likes
Apr 04, 2026, 11:08 PM
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Go here to see the director's corner for all 94 H-Grams
Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/
. This day in Naval and Marine Corps History April 5
1944
PB4Y aircraft (VB 109) sink Japanese auxiliary submarine chaser Cha 46 off Wake Island.
1946
USS Missouri (BB 63) transports the body of the late Turkish Ambassador to the United States, Mehmet Munir Ertegun, home for burial, on a mission that was also made to influence Soviet Middle East policy.
1951
During the Korean War, Hospital Corpsman Richard De Wert is killed in action while administering first aid to an injured comrade. He is posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.
1961
A fire-fighting party from USS Prichett (DD 561) boards the burning Chinese tanker Kwang Lung at Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan, and extinguishes the fire before it spreads to a million gallons of gasoline.
2009
USS Warrior (MCM 10) and USS Chief (MCM 14), along with the Mexican Navy, rescue two fisherman 36 miles off Mexico.
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On this day in World history (April 5):
This Day in History
April 5
1242 Russian troops repel an invasion by Teutonic knights.
1614 Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe.
1792 George Washington casts the first presidential veto.
1843 Queen Victoria proclaims Hong Kong a British crown colony.
1861 Gideon Welles, the Secretary of the Navy issues official orders for the USS Powhatan to sail to Fort Sumter.
1865 As the Confederate army approaches Appomattox, it skirmishes with Union forces at Amelia Springs and Paine's Cross Road.
1908 The Japanese Army reaches Yalu River as Russians retreat.
1919 Eamon de Valera becomes president of Ireland.
1930 Mahatma Gandhi defies British law by making salt in India instead of buying it from the British.
1941 German commandos secure docks along the Danube River in preparation for Germany's invasion of the Balkans.
1943 The British 8th Army attacks the next blocking position of the retreating Axis forces at Wadi Akarit.
1951 Americans Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are sentenced to death for espionage.
1955 Winston Churchill resigns as British prime minister.
1986 A bomb explodes in a West Berlin disco packed with American soldiers.
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On this day in history (April 5):
1614: American Indian Pocahontas married English colonist John Rolfe in Virginia.
1951: During the Korean War, Hospital Corpsman Richard De Wert is killed in action while administering first aid to an injured comrade. He is posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.
1987: FOX Broadcasting Company launched "Married....With Children" and "The Tracey Ullman Show". The two shows were the beginning of the FOX lineup.
And today is:
National Caramel Popcorn Day
1972 North Vietnamese launch second front of Nguyen Hue Offensive »
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Rollingthunderremembered.com .
April 5
Hello All,
Thanks to Dan Heller and the Bear
Links to all content can now be found right on the homepage
homepage http://www.rollingthunderremembered.com
.. If you scroll down from the banner and featured content you will find "Today in Rolling Thunder Remembered History" which highlights events in the Vietnam war that occurred on the date the page is visited. Below that are links to browse or search all content. You may search by keyword(s), date, or date range.
An item of importance is the recent incorporation of Task Force Omega (TFO) MIA summaries. There is a link on the homepage and you can also visit directly via https://www.rollingthunderremembered.com/task-force-omega/. There are 60 summaries posted thus far, with about 940 to go (not a typo—TFO has over 1,000 individual case files).
If you have any questions or comments about RTR/TFO, or have a question on my book, you may e-mail me directly at acrossthewing@protonmail.com. Thank you Dan
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Thanks to Micro
From Vietnam Air Losses site for ..April 5 . .
April 5: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=110
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
By: Kipp Hanley
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. . From the archives
Thanks to Ralph and to Cowboy who found the url
: 3.5 Minute European History Map Lesson....How World Changed in Europe between 1000-2000 A.D.
This is an excellent video regarding the partial geographical history of the European and some Asian countries. The video moves very quickly. You might want to use your cursor and slow the video down so you can keep track of the geographical changes to the country(ies) you are interested in viewing.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjWVFZ5e_vo&t=45s
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should be fun in a strong crosswind landing.
Glenn
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Thanks to the Flyover
SUNDAY, APRIL 5, 2026
Good Morning! On this day in 1862, the Siege of Yorktown began as Union Gen. George McClellan's forces arrived in Virginia, launching the Peninsula Campaign. Rather than attack, he chose a siege, marking the campaign's first encounter with Confederate resistance.
Today, Christians celebrate Jesus' resurrection, the cornerstone of Christian faith. Many Christians in America will celebrate by going to church, followed by Easter Brunch. If you celebrate Easter, what makes the day special for you and your family? Hit reply and tell us your story. We would love to hear it.
In case you missed it, The Flyover Podcast broke down five major retirement rule changes coming in 2026 that could affect how long your savings last. From higher contribution limits to rising Medicare costs and shifting healthcare subsidies, these updates could have a real impact on your retirement plan. Tune in here!
Turns out, keeping up on the news doesn't have to come with a side of anxiety. That's why we read The Pour Over. It's one of the sources we trust to deliver the facts while keeping our hearts grounded in peace.
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Sunday, Apr 5th 2026
Inside Iran's underground missile cities that enabled them to defy Trump: How fortresses buried in granite mountains protect huge arsenal of weapons and hidden rocket launch ports
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By ELIANA SILVER, SENIOR FOREIGN NEWS REPORTER and IMOGEN GARFINKEL - SENIOR FOREIGN NEWS REPORTER
Published: 06:26 EDT, 4 April 2026 | Updated: 10:15 EDT, 4 April 2026
Buried roughly 500 metres deep inside a mountain in central Iran, the Yazd missile base is less a bunker than a buried fortress.
Carved into one of the hardest types of rock on Earth, the facility sits inside Shirkuh granite that can withstand crushing pressures far beyond conventional construction materials.
This material puts up the toughest barrier possible for even the most powerful American bunker-busting bomb – the GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator.
And inside, the mountain has been hollowed into something closer to a hidden city than a military base.
The secret facility is thought to possess an automated rail system which runs through tunnels linking assembly areas, storage depots and multiple concealed exits cut into different faces of the mountain.
In similar underground missile cities seen in Iranian propaganda videos, launchers are moved around rapidly on lorries, rolled out to fire, and withdrawn back underground behind heavy armoured doors in the blink of an eye.
Despite weeks of relentless US-Israeli strikes on its facilities, Iran is somehow still able to unleash its hidden arsenal of rockets and drones at targets across the Middle East.
According to the Institute for the Study of War (ISW), the Yazd missile base alone is thought to have been hit at least six times since the start of Trump's war with Iran, including on March 1, March 27 and 28. .
A handout photo made available by the Iranian Army in 2022, shows drones in an underground drone base, in an unknown location in Iran
Second US airman from downed jet has been rescued from Iran
32.6k viewing now
Yet footage published by an OSINT (open source intelligence) account on March 28 appears to show two missiles being launched from the site, ISW reports.
However it remains unclear whether the launches took place before or after the US-Israeli strikes.
Across Iran, similar underground 'missile cities' have reportedly been carved into mountains, forming a dispersed web of hardened sites that support the country's ballistic missile capability.
The Islamic Republic has spent years constructing these cavernous bunkers to shield its vast missile arsenal from destruction, experts say.
And while Israel pummeled Tehran's infrastructure in June's 12-day war, the regime emerged from the bruising conflict with much of its stockpile of thousands of ballistic missiles intact.
Now, US intelligence sources have claimed that Iran still has half its missile launchers and thousands of drones.
Three well-placed sources told CNN that the latest American intelligence assessments indicate Iran retains significant firepower.
The estimates may include launchers that are inaccessible, such as those that have been buried by strikes, but not destroyed.
Iran still has access to roughly half of its original drone stock, two of the sources suggested, which would number well into the thousands.
A large proportion of its coastal defence cruise missiles, the weapons that allow Iran to threaten traffic in the Strait of Hormuz, are also thought to remain intact.
Israel estimated Iran to have had around 470 ballistic missile launchers at the beginning of the war, and last month claimed to have destroyed or disabled around 60 percent of them.
Since the start of the current conflict, US and Israeli forces have carried out an extensive campaign targeting Iran's missile infrastructure.
Across the country, strikes have collapsed entrances, cratered ventilation shafts and damaged surface installations. However, the system deep underground remains intact.
A recent CNN investigation found that while 77 per cent of visible tunnel entrances had been hit, activity at those sites resumed quickly.
Construction equipment was observed returning within days, clearing debris and reopening access routes into the mountains.
Reports describe cavernous halls filled with ballistic missiles, drones and launch systems, all believed to be connected by transport corridors designed for rapid movement.
A report by Alma Research found similar data in its January 2026 assessment based on damage sustained during the 12-day war in June.
This image from 2022 released by the Iranian Army shows an underground bunker full of drones in an unknown location
Iran showed off a sprawling underground network of tunnels filled with row after row of drones and rockets in a propaganda video at the start of the war
Footage released by Iran's Fars News Agency a week into the current conflict showed long rows of missiles and Shahed drones lined up inside one such facility, with trucks carrying launchers positioned deep within the tunnels.
Iranian flags hung from the ceilings as the camera moved through the space, revealing the concerning scale of what has been built out of sight.
Many of the drones are relatively cheap and quick to produce, while the systems used to intercept them are far more expensive.
Defending against such attacks can cost many times more than launching them, raising concerns that even well-equipped adversaries could face strain over a prolonged campaign.
However, experts say the real difficulty lies in penetrating the carefully-designed architecture where the weapons are stored.
These underground complexes are designed around resilience, with tunnels segmented with blast-resistant doors to contain damage.
Multiple entrances and exits allow operations to continue even if one or several access points are destroyed.
Meanwhile, some openings are decoys and others are concealed within the natural contours of the terrain, making them difficult to identify and target.
And even the most advanced bunker-busting weapons are constrained by the material they must penetrate.
Speaking to the Statesman, analyst Shanaka Anslem Perera said: 'The mountain does not care how many sorties are flown above it.
'The railway does not care how many portals are sealed. The geology is the defence, and the geology has been there for 300 million years.'
Penetration depth varies depending on whether a target is covered by soil, concrete or dense rock.
Granite, in particular, absorbs and disperses explosive energy, reducing the effectiveness of even the largest conventional munitions.
According to RUSI, penetrating hardened underground facilities may require multiple strikes on the same point, detailed intelligence on internal layouts and sustained follow-up attacks to prevent rapid repair.
And all of this must be carried out while suppressing air defences and coordinating attacks across multiple dispersed sites.
Speaking to Globes, tunnelling expert Dr Amichai Mittelman said: 'The mountains in Iran provide a level of protection 50-100 meters thick of rock that is hard to crack even by heavy bombs.'
Targeting entrances has its limitations, as destroying an opening can block access temporarily, but does not collapse the network behind it.
The same logic applies to other potential weak points, such as ventilation holes.
'The Iranians thought of everything, so they built many ventilation holes and shafts and installed fans to compress the air inside,' said Mittelman.
'Sometimes this is a weak point for underground complexes – suffocation of those inside, but it is doubtful whether this is true for the large missile cities. The electrical infrastructure is also built on backups.'
The primary underground missile facility near Yazd is the Yazd Missile Base, a deeply buried complex identified at coordinates 31.803792°N, 54.298661°E
Read More
RICHARD SHIRREFF: Will Trump choose peace - or a bloody escalation?
Ground operations offer no easy alternative, and analysts note that inserting special forces into such deeply buried and complex tunnel systems would be high risk and difficult to scale.
Experts say each site would need to be tackled individually, across multiple heavily fortified locations.
Tal Inbar, an expert on the Iranian missile program and a senior research fellow at the Missile Defense Advocacy Alliance said: 'The effectiveness of a ground unit in such a facility is limited, and if you really want to solve the problem, you will have to send such a unit to each of these dozens of bases, which means it will be very difficult to succeed.'
Despite weeks of sustained bombing, Iran has continued to launch missiles at Israel and its Gulf neighbours throughout the conflict.
In the latest escalation on Friday, the Islamic Republic unleashed a ferocious attack on Gulf energy sites striking an oil refinery and desalination plant in Kuwait as well as a major gas complex in Abu Dhabi after boasting it has shot down a second American F-35 fighter jet.
The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), the feared military arm of the Iranian regime, said the aircraft was attacked over central Iran by its air defences, according to a statement carried by Mehr news agency.
Meanwhile it's unclear how the conflict will be resolved, with Donald Trump threatening to bomb Iran 'back to the Stone Age' this week while simultaneously claiming the gallant US military had already won.
Trump vowed late on Thursday that the military 'hasn't even started destroying what's left in Iran'.
He wrote on Truth Social: 'Our Military, the greatest and most powerful (by far!) anywhere in the World, hasn't even started destroying what's left in Iran. Bridges next, then Electric Power Plants! New Regime leadership knows what has to be done, and has to be done, FAST!'
And on Wednesday, the President said Iran's 'ability to launch missiles and drones is dramatically curtailed, and their weapons factories and rocket launchers are being blown to pieces, very few of them left.'
The latest intelligence reports suggest a more limited effect, although Iran's military has indeed suffered heavily.
As of Wednesday, the US had struck more than 12,300 targets inside Iran, according to US Central Command.
US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth has pointed to a dramatic reduction in the frequency of weapons being fired by Iran.
He said on March 19 that the number of ballistic missiles and drones being launched were both down by 90 percent since the first days of the conflict.
At the same time, it is obvious Tehran has been planning for an attack like this for decades.
The mullahs know they have several advantages over America's military machine, not least their stranglehold over much of the global oil supply and the vulnerability of the US's regional allies in the Gulf, who have been hit hard by Iranian strikes.
And this, combined with their lethal supply of hidden weapons, allows Tehran to set tough, probably impossible conditions even for talks to take place.
A cessation of hostilities and an end to the killing of Iranian officials are reasonable enough demands, but 'reparations' for damage caused by US bombing and a guarantee of Iranian sovereignty over the Strait of Hormuz will be too much for Washington to stomach.
Meanwhile, although the pace of Iranian strikes has slowed compared to the early days of the war, it has stabilised into a steady rhythm, suggesting that sufficient infrastructure remains operational.
Perera said: 'The persistence of Iranian missile fire despite three weeks of intensive strikes is not resilience. It is infrastructure.
'IRGC did not prepare for this war by building rockets. It prepared by building railways inside mountains. The rockets are replaceable. The railways are permanent. And the granite that protects them was formed before mammals existed.'
'The strait is 21 miles wide. The mountain is 500 meters deep. And the railway inside it is still delivering missiles to the surface,' he added.
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. This Week In American History: From a "Murderous Fistfight" to the "Ribbon
Creek Massacre"
by W. Thomas Smith Jr.
This Week in American Military History:
Apr. 6, 1862: Confederate Army forces under the command of Gen. Albert
Sidney Johnston attack Union Army forces under the command of Maj. Gen.
Ulysses S. Grant at Shiloh (Shiloh Church), Tennessee.
The fighting is desperate on both sides – described as "a murderous
fistfight" – and the bloodiest battle to date in American military history.
Confederate and Union casualties combined will exceed well over 23,000 in
two days. The Confederates carry the first day, but Johnston is killed. In
the end, Grant wins the Battle of Shiloh (also known as the Battle of
Pittsburg Landing): stiff Union resolve and reinforcements determining the
outcome.
Apr. 6, 1917: Pres. Woodrow Wilson signs a joint resolution of Congress
declaring war on Germany.
Wilson had appealed to Congress for a war declaration on Apr. 2: The appeal
stemming from Germany's renewal of its policy of unrestricted submarine
warfare as well as the British-intercepted Zimmermann telegram revealing
Germany's promise to Mexico of a huge chunk of U.S. territory (predicated,
of course, on a German victory) if Mexico would ally itself with Germany.
Wilson dreads entering the war, but as he says, "Right is more precious
than peace, and we shall fight for the things which we have always carried
nearest our hearts -- for democracy, for the right of those who submit to
authority to have a voice in their own governments, for the rights and
liberties of small nations, for a universal dominion of right by such a
concert of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all nations and
make the world itself at last free."
Apr. 8, 1956: In what will become known as the "Ribbon Creek Massacre,"
six Marine recruits drown during a night-march through a rain-swollen tidal
estuary at the U.S. Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, S.C.
The deaths – which will result in the trial and conviction of the drill
instructor responsible – spawn widespread public condemnation of the
Marines' so-called "ruthless" training methods. The incident adds to the
mystique of geographically isolated Parris Island (near Beaufort). And it
will fuel the already-held reputation of Marines as being some of the
world's "toughest" fighting men for simply having survived the Corps'
notorious boot camp. It is a reputation that continues today.
Apr. 9, 1865: The war lost, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee concludes,
"There is nothing left for me to do, but to go and see Gen. [Ulysses S.]
Grant, and I would rather die a thousand deaths."
Lee formally surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia to Grant at the home
of Wilmer McLean in the village of Appomattox Court House, Virginia.
Still-operating Confederate forces will surrender within months.
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Thanks to Interesting Facts
7 Flying Creatures That Aren't Birds
It's a bird, it's a plane, it's a ... flying tree snake? Yes, that's correct. From flying fish to flying squirrels, there are plenty of unique aerodynamic animals around the world. Even more impressive, most of them don't have wings. Using special fins, large toes, or extra membranes, several surprising creatures are able to glide through the air at astonishing lengths.
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Flying Fish
Although the concept of an airborne fish seems counterintuitive, there are at least 40 different flying fish species around the world. Primarily found in warmer climates in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, these ray-finned fish thrive in open waters, where they can use their large, rigid fins to "fly" through the air. After propelling themselves out of the water, their fins extend horizontally like wings, allowing them to glide up to 650 feet. Most researchers believe flying fish developed this ability in order to escape underwater predators who did not exhibit the same aerodynamic capabilities.
2 of 7
Paradise Tree Snake
Found throughout Southeast Asia, the paradise tree snake is a unique reptilian predator. Sometimes referred to as the paradise flying snake, this species of serpent is both slim and agile. A highly capable climber, paradise tree snakes prefer to spend most of their time in coconut palm trees. When the flying snake wants to travel between treetops, it is able to flatten its ribcage until it becomes concave. At this point, the snake can propel itself out a tree and glide through the air, slithering in an S-shape as if on the ground.
3 of 7
Mobula Ray
Often called flying rays for their ability to leap out of the water, Mobula rays are a species of fish that are closely related to sharks. Shaped like a diamond, Mobula ray fins are useful both in and out of the water. With enough speed, the ray can launch six feet into the air, flapping its fins like wings before flopping back down. Often flying in groups, a school of Mobula rays is a spectacular sight to see. Scientists are unsure why flying rays exhibit this behavior, although it may be a form of communication between members of the species.
4 of 7
Flying Squirrel
Flying squirrels aren't able to take flight like a bird, although they may give off this appearance as they soar through the air. The extra flap of skin that connects their front and hind legs serves as a parachute for these quirky land mammals. When a flying squirrel leaps into the air, they use this special membrane to glide from tree to tree, thereby avoiding any predators who may be on the ground. Not only can flying squirrels travel up to 150 feet in the air, but they can also change both their speed and direction in flight by steering with their legs and braking with their tails.
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Crab Spider
If they weren't already frightening enough, many spiders have the ability to fly. This is thanks to a common arachnid technique called ballooning. Ballooning occurs when a spider releases its silk and rides the wind like a kite. In this way, spiders can travel long distances to join a new colony, find food, or search for prospective mates. Crab spiders, in particular, have been researched for this ability; one study completed at the Technical University of Berlin revealed that crab spiders are "careful, deliberate fliers," who use their hairs on their legs to test wind conditions before take-off.
6 of 7
Bats
As the only mammals in the world born with the ability to fly — and the only animal on this list with wings — bats are some of the most intriguing fliers out there. Their ability to use echolocation to find objects in the dark, for example, has been researched for decades. As fliers, bats are maneuverable and nimble. In fact, the flexible skin and extra joints on a bat's wings make them more efficient in the air than birds.
7 of 7
Wallace's Flying Frog
Sometimes referred to as parachute frogs, Wallace's flying frogs live in tropical rainforests in Malaysia and Borneo. Named after 19th-century naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace, the Wallace flying frog has a distinct appearance — gigantic webbed feet, boggling eyes, and an oversized mouth. When escaping a predator, this flying frog can glide up to 50 feet through the air, using its extra membranes as a parachute. Flying from tree to tree, the frog's gigantic toe pads provide an adhesive cushioning that allows them to stick the landing with ease.
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. Thanks to Micro
I noticed the note inserted about the roll rate of the A-4. When going through TPS, one of the syllabus test points to get is max roll rate left and right in the A-4. You would press your helmet against the opposite side of the canopy (and press hard so there was no "give" remaining in the cushions inside) before hitting the stick to full deflection. It will make you read the fine print in the flight manual, though. The limit is no more than 360 degrees of roll at maximum rate. As one of my classmates found out, that does not mean that you center the stick after 360 degrees of roll. It means DO NOT EXCEED 360 degrees of roll. He did the former, and, as you can imagine, the roll rate is still increasing at that point, and the airplane "couples" (as in roll-pitch-yaw coupling, like a Lomcovák, which means "headache" by the way). He threw the slats on one wing full out and broke them. He had to land with the slats more than fully extended on one side and only partly extended on the other side.
As Lewis Grizzard would say, "That dog will bite you!"
Micro
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. Thanks to Barrett
Skip, in the BTW category:
One of my frequent internet rants is the gross misnomer "Native Americans." In the geo-ethnic sense there is no such thing because hominids were never native to this continent. IMO the Canadians are much closer to the mark with First People(s) or Indigenous folks.
Almost everyone I know is a native American, being born here, so I'm a 10th gen NA dating from the 1630s. (Sidebar: one of my best friends is a Jewish South African naturalized citizen with two VERY successful businesses. He considered applying for a small business loan as an "African American." But he did just fine otherwise—some of his industrial plating is orbiting alien worlds.
I grew up with three (maybe four) Indian tribes in Oregon, and nobody I knew ever referred to Native Americans. Of course, that was in a previous century.
Meandering here:
My family has supported The World Famous Pendleton Round-Up since inception in 1910. (Had fun writing about my parents and the 1945 event two weeks after VJ Day in August 1945. Everybody had a Real Good Time including some tailhookers from NAS Pasco, Wash.) Anyway, since then we've seen PC angst about the word "squaw" which allegedly is offensive in some circles though no liberals seem able to cite sources. Anyway, at Pendleton there never was any shortage of squaws for the Squaw (horseback) Race. Don't know the current arrangement.
Feel free to hit Ignore...
As ever
Barrett
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This Day in U S Military History…….April 5
1869 – Daniel Bakeman, the last surviving soldier of the U.S. Revolutionary War, died at the age of 109.
1944 – The Ploesti oil installations and rail sidings are attacked by B-17 and B-24 bombers of the US 15th Air Force, with a strong fighter escort. A total of 12 planes are lost. Determined German, Romanian and Bulgarian fighter opposition is encountered as well as heavy flak over the target. A reported 262 civilians are killed and 361 are injured.
1947 – Five Marine guards were killed and eight wounded when attacked by Communist Chinese raiders near the Hsin Ho ammunition depot in Northern China. This last major clash between Marines of the 1st Marine Division and Communist forces occurred shortly after withdrawal and redeployment plans from China were issued for the 1st Division and 1st Marine Aircraft Wing on 1 April.
1968 – In Vietnam the siege of Khe Sahn ended after 76 days.1971 – US Lt. William Calley was sentenced to life for the My Lai Massacre.
1972 – US planes destroyed Benhai bride on the DMZ, the only road link between North and South Vietnam.
1974 – The World Trade Center, the tallest building in the world at 110 stories, opened.
2003 – In the 18th day of Operation Iraqi Freedom US 3rd Infantry troops entered Baghdad for the first time. Coalition troops took several objectives surrounding the capital in the north and northwest. US warplanes hit Iraqi positions near the commercial center of Mosul. Up to 3,000 Iraqi fighters were killed as American armored vehicles moved into Baghdad.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
PRENDERGAST, THOMAS FRANCIS
Rank and organization: Corporal, U.S. Marine Corps. Born: 2 April 1871, Waterford, Ireland. Accredited to: Massachusetts. G.O. No.: 55 19 July 1901. Citation: For distinguished conduct in the presence of the enemy in battle while with the Eighth Army Corps, 25, 27, 29 March, and 5 April 1899.
KELLY, THOMAS J.
Rank and organization: Corporal, U.S. Army, Medical Detachment, 48th Armored Infantry Battalion, 7th Armored Division. Place and date: Alemert, Germany, 5 April 1945. Entered service at: Brooklyn, N.Y. Birth: Brooklyn, N.Y. G.O. No.: 97, 1 November 1945. Citation: He was an aid man with the 1st Platoon of Company C during an attack on the town of Alemert, Germany. The platoon, committed in a flanking maneuver, had advanced down a small, open valley overlooked by wooded slopes hiding enemy machineguns and tanks, when the attack was stopped by murderous fire that inflicted heavy casualties in the American ranks. Ordered to withdraw, Cpl. Kelly reached safety with uninjured remnants of the unit, but, on realizing the extent of casualties suffered by the platoon, voluntarily retraced his steps and began evacuating his comrades under direct machinegun fire. He was forced to crawl, dragging the injured behind him for most of the 300 yards separating the exposed area from a place of comparative safety. Two other volunteers who attempted to negotiate the hazardous route with him were mortally wounded, but he kept on with his herculean task after dressing their wounds and carrying them to friendly hands. In all, he made 10 separate trips through the brutal fire, each time bringing out a man from the death trap. Seven more casualties who were able to crawl by themselves he guided and encouraged in escaping from the hail of fire. After he had completed his heroic, self-imposed task and was near collapse from fatigue, he refused to leave his platoon until the attack had been resumed and the objective taken. Cpl. Kelly's gallantry and intrepidity in the face of seemingly certain death saved the lives of many of his fellow soldiers and was an example of bravery under fire.
*MUNEMORI, SADAO S.
Rank and organization: Private First Class, U.S. Army, Company A,
100th Infantry Battalion, 442d Combat Team. Place and date: Near Seravezza, Italy, 5 April 1945. Entered service at: Los Angeles, Calif Birth: Los Angeles, Calif. G.O. No.. 24, 7 March 1946. Citation: He fought with great gallantry and intrepidity near Seravezza, Italy. When his unit was pinned down by grazing fire from the enemy's strong mountain defense and command of the squad devolved on him with the wounding of its regular leader, he made frontal, l-man attacks through direct fire and knocked out 2 machineguns with grenades Withdrawing under murderous fire and showers of grenades from other enemy emplacements, he had nearly reached a shell crater occupied by 2 of his men when an unexploded grenade bounced on his helmet and rolled toward his helpless comrades. He arose into the withering fire, dived for the missile and smothered its blast with his body. By his swift, supremely heroic action Pfc. Munemori saved 2 of his men at the cost of his own life and did much to clear the path for his company's victorious advance.
*DEWERT, RICHARD DAVID
Rank and organization: Hospital Corpsman, U.S. Navy. Hospital Corpsman attached to Marine infantry company, 1st Marine Division. Place and date: Korea, 5 April 1951. Entered service at: Taunton, Mass. Birth: Taunton, Mass. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving as a HC, in action against enemy aggressor forces. When a fire team from the point platoon of his company was pinned down by a deadly barrage of hostile automatic weapons fired and suffered many casualties, HC Dewert rushed to the assistance of 1 of the more seriously wounded and, despite a painful leg wound sustained while dragging the stricken marine to safety, steadfastly refused medical treatment for himself and immediately dashed back through the fireswept area to carry a second wounded man out of the line of fire. Undaunted by the mounting hail of devastating enemy fire, he bravely moved forward a third time and received another serious wound in the shoulder after discovering that a wounded marine had already died. Still persistent in his refusal to submit to first aid, he resolutely answered the call of a fourth stricken comrade and, while rendering medical assistance, was himself mortally wounded by a burst of enemy fire. His courageous initiative, great personal valor, and heroic spirit of self-sacrifice in the face of overwhelming odds reflect the highest credit upon HC Dewert and enhance the finest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life for his country.
*BUKER, BRIAN L.
Rank and organization: Sergeant, U.S. Army, Detachment B-55, 5th Special Forces Group, 1st Special Forces. Place and date: Chau Doc Province, Republic of Vietnam, 5 April 1970. Entered service at: Bangor, Maine. Born: 3 November 1949, Benton, Maine. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of life above and beyond the call of duty. Sgt. Buker, Detachment B-55, distinguished himself while serving as a platoon adviser of a Vietnamese mobile strike force company during an offensive mission. Sgt. Buker personally led the platoon, cleared a strategically located well-guarded pass, and established the first foothold at the top of what had been an impenetrable mountain fortress. When the platoon came under the intense fire from a determined enemy located in 2 heavily fortified bunkers, and realizing that withdrawal would result in heavy casualties, Sgt. Buker unhesitatingly, and with complete disregard for his personal safety, charged through the hail of enemy fire and destroyed the first bunker with hand grenades. While reorganizing his men for the attack on the second bunker, Sgt. Buker was seriously wounded. Despite his wounds and the deadly enemy fire, he crawled forward and destroyed the second bunker. Sgt. Buker refused medical attention and was reorganizing his men to continue the attack when he was mortally wounded. As a direct result of his heroic actions, many casualties were averted, and the assault of the enemy position was successful. Sgt. Buker's extraordinary heroism at the cost of his life are in the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the U.S. Army.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for April 5, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
5 April
1911: The Army organized its first provisional aero company at Fort Sam Houston.
1916: Philip A. Carroll organized the Governors Island Training Corps to teach civilians to fly. This corps became the nucleus of the 1st Aero Reserve Squadron, and then the 26th Aero Squadron. (24)
1930: Through 6 April, Capt Frank Hawks flew a Waco Biplane, with a glider in tow, from San Diego to New York and covered the 2,860 miles in 36 hours 47 minutes. (24)
1943: Operation FLAX. Northwest African Air Forces started a concentrated attack on the Axis air transport service between Italy via Sicily to Tunisia. The operation claimed 201 enemy aircraft destroyed. (24) Eighth Air Force sent 82 B-17s and B-24s to attack industrial targets, including the Erla aircraft factory in Antwerp, Belgium. (4)
1949: Fairchild completed the first two production models of the C-119 troop-carrying transport. (24)
1958: An USAF Atlas ICBM flew from Cape Canaveral to an impact area some 600 miles away. (16)
1966: The Air Force Avionics Laboratory conducted the first successful voice communication test with airplane, satellite, and ground equipment. (16) (26) SECDEF Robert S. McNamara approved the separation of Naval and USAF airlift. Under this decision, the Navy phased out three airlift and one maintenance squadron from MAC; however, MAC retained 48 C-130Es. That action ended an Air Force-Navy airlift partnership that began in 1948 when Air Transport Command and Naval Air Transport Service units merged. (18)
1978: An Air Force interim program management directive initiated the cruise missile carrier aircraft program to analyze the suitability of wide-body aircraft as missile carriers. (6)
1983: Through 10 April, after 20 inches of rain fell on southeastern Louisiana in five days, MAC used four C-141s to airlift 83 tons of tents, cots, field kitchens, and other relief cargo to the area. Over 40,000 homes were under water. (16) (26)
1985: MAC sent two C-141s and one C-130 with 10.9 tons of fire-fighting equipment, 21,000 gallons of fire retardant, and 190 fire fighters to fight a blaze covering 700 acres in the western North Carolina mountains. (16) (26)
1986: Through 6 April, four C-141 Starlifters and one H-3 Jolly Green Giant helicopter from the 63 MAW flew in fire suppressant foam and airlifted out burn victims from Osan AB after a 700,000-gallon tank of jet fuel exploded and burned. The helicopter flew the burn victims to Seoul for medical treatment. (16) 1988: Through 8 April, 8 C-5s and 22 C-141s airlifted 1,300 security specialists from the US to Panama, where political instability threatened the safety of thousands of Americans. The deployment included 45 missions. (18)
1990: Gordon Fullerton flew the NB-52 to 43,000 feet some 60 miles southwest of Monterey, Calif., and launched the Pegasus air-launched winged space booster for the first time. After falling for a few seconds, the first stage booster carried the rocket to 250,000 feet. Afterwards, the second and third stage pushed the 422-pound payload into a 320-mile polar orbit. The three-function payload, Pegsat, included a Navy communications satellite, a NASA atmospheric experiment, and instruments to measure inflight stresses. (8: Apr 90)
1991: Operation PROVIDE COMFORT. To 15 July, MAC units flew more than 7,000 tons of supplies to Northern Iraq, Southeastern Turkey, and Western Iran to help more than 1,000,000 Kurdish rebels, who fled from Iraq after being defeated by Iraqi forces. (16)
1996: Through 9 April, tests to help determine C-17A Globemaster III's suitability for Air Force's aeromedical evacuation role took place at Pope AFB. Twelve active-duty and Reserve aeromedical evacuation personnel "put the C-17 through its paces" to test and critique its the built-in aeromedical evacuation hardware and equipment. The airplane completed five simulated and actual flying missions, including a landing at a short dirt strip. (AFNEWS Article 296, 3 Apr 95)
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