Good Saturday Morning October 31, 2020.
I hope that you all have a great weekend.
The time change happens this weekend,,,,Oh joy
Regards
Skip
Today in Naval History
31 October
1803 The frigate Philadelphia runs aground near Tripoli while pursuing an enemy vessel in shallow water. As a result, the Tripolitans send a large gunboat force and attack Philadelphia. Stuck fast and listing, she is defenseless and Capt. William Bainbridge surrenders. Under Commodore Edward Prebles orders, Lt. Stephen Decatur leads a mission to burn Philadelphia early the following year.
1941 German submarine U-562 sinks USS Reuben James (DD 245) as she escorted Convoy HX 156, killing 115 of her crew. Reuben James is the first U.S. ship lost to enemy action in World War II.
1956 The U.S. Navy lands seven men in an R4D Skytrain on the ice at the South Pole. They are the first men to stand on the South Pole since Capt. Robert F. Scott in 1912.
1966 While serving as boat captain and patrol officer on board River Patrol Boat (PBR) 105 in Vietnam, Boatswains Mate 1st Class James E. Williams and his crew are taken under fire, facing a superior number of enemy vessels. Williams leads his men to sink 65 enemy craft and inflict numerous casualties among the enemy. He is awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions. USS James E. Williams (DDG 95) is named in his honor.
1972 While participating in a daring operation against enemy forces in the Republic of Vietnam, Engineman 1st Class Michael E. Thornton and Lt. Thomas R. Norris come under fire from a numerically superior force. Calling in for support and engaging the enemy, Norris is wounded by enemy fire. Learning that his lieutenant is down, Thornton bravely rushes through a hail of fire, fights off two enemy soldiers, and succeeds in removing Norris. Inflating Norris lifejacket, Thornton then tows him seaward for approximately two hours until they are picked up by support craft. Thornton is later awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions.
No CHINFO on the weekend
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Today in History October 31
1517 | Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the door of the church at Wittenberg in Germany. Luther's theories and writings inaugurate Protestantism, shattering the external structure of the medieval church and at the same time reviving the religious consciousness of Europe. | |
1803 | Congress ratifies the purchase of the entire Louisiana area in North America, adding territory to the U.S. which will eventually become 13 more states. | |
1838 | A mob of about 200 attacks a Mormon camp in Missouri, killing 20 men, women and children. | |
1864 | Nevada becomes the 36th state. | |
1941 | After 14 years of work, the Mount Rushmore National Memorial is completed. | |
1952 | The United States explodes the first hydrogen bomb at Eniwetok Atoll in the Pacific. | |
1968 | The bombing of North Vietnam is halted by the United States. | |
1971 | Saigon begins the release of 1,938 Hanoi POW's. | |
1984 | Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated in New Delhi by two Sikh members of her bodyguard. | |
1998 | Iraq announces it will no longer cooperate with United Nations weapons inspectors. | |
1999 | EgyptAir Flight 990 crashes into Atlantic Ocean killing all 217 people on board. | |
2000 | Soyuz TM-31 launches, carrying the first resident crew to the International Space Station. | |
2002 | Former Enron Corp. CEO Andrew Fastow convicted on 78 counts of conspiracy, money laundering, obstruction of justice and wire fraud; the Enron collapse cost investors millions and led to new oversight legislation. |
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https://canadafreepress.com/article/do-a-hundred-yards-for-captain-jackson
If Christian and conservative Americans do not sufficiently rouse themselves and get to the polls this time around, in order to make the crucial difference, nearly all 250 years of our existence will have been just a pitiful waste of time
Do A Hundred Yards For Captain Jackson
By Dave Merrick —— November 5, 2018
You probably don't remember Captain Arthur J. Jackson. At 19 he was 'PFC Jackson', a kid Marine in World War II's South Pacific Theatre on Peleliu Island. With his outfit pinned down by intense enemy fire and his brother Marines with their hands full just surviving, Jackson's sergeant asked him if he could secure a point in a trench about a football field away from where they were stuck. It wasn't an order. It was just a fast honest query. Private Jackson's reply was an appropriately eloquent, "Yeah." He was given leave with a good 'God speed'. The young soldier slapped a fresh clip in his M1 and went for broke. A half an hour later he had single-handedly cleared the South quarter of Peleliu. A dozen decommissioned pillboxes and 50 dead enemy soldiers were left in his wake.
Why in the world did he do that? It was his contribution to the brawl that kept the world from being overtaken by a demonic anti-Semitic German dictator and an out-of-control Japanese Emperor. It was another installment in the bloody dues paid to be a part of the family of caretakers who formed and nurtured the God-graced freedoms of our historically singular Constitutional United States of America. Private First Class AJ Jackson eventually became Captain Arthur J. Jackson before his service career ended. And in that time he received several high commendations, including the Congressional Medal of Honor for his super heroic actions on Peleliu. Growing up, though I never met or heard about brave Captain Jackson, I nevertheless learned to respect men and women of his caliber, their efforts and sacrifices.
In 2018, a measly 70+ years after that fight, most high school and college-age kids, and older, have no idea what any of our wars have been about, where they occurred, or how many have died entirely in defense of their freedom to maintain such an abysmal ignorance. In fact, so many people - kids, their parents and even their silver-ponytailed grandparents - don't have a nodding acquaintance with the knowledge of our awakening enemies who are now returning toward us with a revitalized vigor and determination. They are completely determined - as driven as their forefathers - to destroy what is left of 242 years of grace and liberty they could never establish in their own lands. Most of today's Americans do not take to heart the fact that a lot of the contrived global hatred toward us is rooted in nothing more than plain jealousy. And at least half of us don't understand that our previous president is unashamedly inspired by his pagan father's begrudging malice toward our great nation. Fewer still realize how he used his eight years to plant pieces of a bad governance and social contagion that will not rest until that cancer has consumed its host—us.
And here we are, poised on the evening of very probably the most important elections we will ever see. In the death grip of a warped, left-loving press, we are seeing what amounts to a collective Hitler - made up of half-baked socialist and communist leaders known as democrats - who will not relent short of victory. And they have orchestrated an attack upon our country. They have most recently called for legions of unemployed and desperate haters of America, in order to help turn the remnants of safety and stability of our now fragile nation completely upside down.
[It has recently been revealed that Texas' senatorial candidate, 'Beto' O'Rourke has actually been aiding and abetting (feeding and encouraging and financing, at least) a lot of that world's largest unemployment line - a.k.a. 'the caravans'.] Like their models: Marx, Lenin, Stalin, Mao and many others, they know that—with the help of a truth-bending news media and a nation full of gullible, tv-trained adults and ignorant kids—they have the greatest chance of gaining control when everything is whipped to a froth and out-of-control. And much of the mess is entirely the result of confused and Godless people thrown about like sheep in a hailstorm of twisted rhetoric. Just words. Truly, we are now under a relentless barrage of lies and vainglorious babbling that sound just as convincing as the stupid movies, soap operas, sitcoms and dramas that have been shaping so much of America's opinions and morality.
And if good men and women stand by and do nothing at this crucial point, Captain Arthur J. Jackson will have made his hundred yard dash for nothing. He and so many heroes like him will have given all they had just so a contented and self-satisfied 21st century America can play video games while mom watches Joy and Whoopi promote baby killing, cut down our God and Creator, and further lacerate the best president we've had since Ronald Reagan. And numbskulls like Nancy Pelosi and Maxine Waters and a host of other weirdos will continue to be lauded and applauded as they fully accomplish their dreams to bind, gag and disarm us. I will say this again: If the left gets its hands back on this nation ever again, they will do exactly as they have threatened. And we will be no more.
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http://tribune.com.pk/story/285098/halloween-101-a-spooktacular-history/
Halloween 101: A 'spooktacular' history
By Rayan Khan
Published: October 30, 2011
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Thanks to Carl
This weekend we make this switch once again.
3 Ways Daylight Saving Time Places Your Life at Risk
(History of DST and some good info in video below.)
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From the List archives
Thanks to Carl
(Amazing story! Watch the second video below of the race!)
https://www.drmirkin.com/histories-and-mysteries/johnny-miles-was-my-hero.html
Johnny Miles Was My Hero
October 21, 2019 - Dr. Gabe Mirkin
"Unknown Kid Wins the Greatest of All Marathons" — That was the Boston Post headline in 1926. The most unbelievable upset ever in a major marathon was pulled off by Johnny Miles, a 20 year-old who
• had never entered a marathon,
• never ran in a major race,
• had run the marathon distance of 26 miles only once in his life.
After his amazing win, he was quoted as saying, "Everybody told me I was crazy to enter The Boston."
On the day that he won the most famous marathon in the world, he set the world record and the Boston Marathon record. He beat Clarence DeMar, who would win the Boston Marathon a record seven times, and the defending Olympic champion from Finland, Albin Stenroos.
Johnny Miles Was My Hero
Like me, he was the son of immigrants. He was incredibly poor and unknown. Johnny Miles won the Boston Marathon wearing a pair of 98-cent walking shoes. I ran my first Boston Marathon in bowling shoes. Every April through my childhood, I watched the Boston Marathon, thinking that someday I would run in this race. Miles beat Clarence DeMar, the man whom I thought was the greatest athlete in the world. I ran with Clarence DeMar in the 1954 Boston Marathon.
Johnny Miles was born in England, and came to Sydney Mines on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia when he was one year old. At age 11, he started out working in the coal mines to help support his mother and three other children while his father served in World War I. Like me, he worked as a grocery delivery boy. He often ran behind his wagon pulled by horses. He was a delivery boy at the time of his spectacular upset of the world's greatest runners.
He never ran any race until four years before that incredible race. In 1922 at age 17, he learned about a three-mile race with prizes such as fishing rods, reels, jackknives, and silver cups for the first 12. He came in 13th. His father then decided to coach him.
No. 7: Johnny Miles - https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=APTWTYDyyEY (1:17)
Interval Training
His father was a very intelligent man, even though he had to work as a laborer. He bought a book written by Alf Shrubb, the 1900 world-record-holder in the mile. Johnny's father was smarter than I was because he followed Shrubb's recommendations on interval training, "One slow lap, another at medium effort and a third at full speed", continuing the cycle for several repetitions. He was doing intelligent interval training in 1922. I spent my early running career just running long distances. When I was in college I still hadn't gotten the message about slow junk miles.
The biggest race in Nova Scotia was the Halifax Herald Modified Marathon, a ten-mile race each Thanksgiving. In 1925, the elder Miles told his son, "If you can win this race, I'll pay your way to Boston for the marathon in April." He won and set the course record in the very fast time for that period of 53 minutes and 48.3 seconds. To prepare for the marathon, Johnny went from thirty miles a week to more than a hundred miles, running twice a day over the snow-covered, eight-mile section of railroad track near his home, five to seven miles before work and up to fifteen miles afterward.
Each Saturday afternoon he ran twenty miles. That winter he attempted his first 26 mile run, on snow-covered street car tracks. He ran an incredible 2 hours and 40 minutes by himself while taking no fluids or food.
On the day of the 1926 Boston Marathon, the newspapers described the race as a competition between Clarence DeMar of Boston, then the four-time winner of the Boston Marathon and world record holder at 2:29:40.2, and Albin Stenroos from Finland, the defending Olympic Champion. Miles carried a newspaper photo of Stenroos in his wallet for the two years preceding his incredible Boston Marathon win.
Johnny's Father Made Some Mistakes
A couple of days before the race, Miles's father had Johnny walk the course, which left him with sore muscles. The night before the marathon the father cooked his son a steak and told him to try to stay with DeMar or Stenroos, whomever happened to lead.
Johnny Miles Wins 1926 Boston Marathon - https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=S16Uq9DmMt0 (4:55)
The Race
One hundred and twelve runners showed up at the starting line. DeMar and Stenroos ran close together for the first five miles of the race with Johnny Miles close behind. Then Stenroos broke away from DeMar, with Johnny Miles not far behind. A couple of miles later, Johnny picked up the pace and DeMar did not follow. Johnny did not catch Stenroos until the last of the famous Newton hills. "When we came to Heartbreak Hill, I looked at Stenroos and his eyes were sunken, his face was kind of pulled in, and I figured this was the time to pass him," Miles told The Boston Globe in 1996. Johnny passed him. "I was afraid to look behind me again for fear he was coming."
He continued on to the finish line on Exeter Street in 2:25:40.4, shattering DeMar's course and world record by four minutes and a fifth of a second. Stenroos held on for second, exactly four minutes behind, and DeMar struggled home third in 2:32:15, amazed at what Miles had done. In his first marathon, and as an unknown runner, he set the world record and the Boston Marathon record, the greatest marathon upset ever.
The Rest of His Running Career
The next year, in the 1927 Boston Marathon, Miles dropped out because his thin shoes blistered and bloodied his feet. In the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics, he finished at the back of the pack. In 1929, he won the Boston marathon again, in 2:33:08. DeMar finished ninth. In the 1932 Olympic Marathon in Los Angeles, he failed to win a medal and retired from running to work for International Harvester.
Gone But Not Forgotten
Johnny Miles died 77 years later at age 97, the day of the Johnny Miles Marathon in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia.
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Thanks to Richard
Subject: The U.S. Army's Lift-Anything, Go-Anywhere Helicopter | airspacemag.com | Air & Space Magazine
Subject: The U.S. Army's Lift-Anything, Go-Anywhere Helicopter |
airspacemag.com | Air & Space Magazine
https://www.airspacemag.com/airspacemag/move-it-180972952/ [1]
THE U.S. ARMY'S LIFT-ANYTHING, GO-ANYWHERE HELICOPTER
NOBODY FORGETS A RIDE ON THE CH-47 CHINOOK.
Ed Darack [2]
The CH-47 is the U.S. Army's only heavy-lifter. The newest model, the F,
can carry up to 25,000 pounds of people, supplies, or equipment. (US Army
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This Day in U S Military History
1918 – In the worst global epidemic of the century, influenza (an acute, contagious respiratory viral infection) had been spreading around the world since May. Before it ended in 1919 some 20 million people were killed worldwide, about twice as many as World War I, with about 500-600,000 of them in the US. October was the deadliest month and about 195,000 died with 21,000 dead the 1st week. It was estimated that 20-40 million people died worldwide.
1918 – Pershing's troops break through the third and final German defensive line. The Meuse-Argonne Offensive is to be renewed after a brief period of rest and reinforcement.
1941 – The U.S. Navy destroyer "Reuben James" was torpedoed by a German U-boat off Iceland, killing 115, even though the United States had not yet entered World War II.
1943 – LT Hugh D. O'Neill of VF(N)-75 destroys a Japanese aircraft during night attack off Vella Lavella in first kill by a radar-equipped night fighter of the Pacific Fleet.
1950 – The Chinese launched a strong attack on Eighth Army at Unsan.
1951 – Eighteen of the 67 Air Guard squadrons mobilized in 1950-1951 during the Korean War are returned to state control on this date. Only one of the 18, the 116th Fighter Squadron from Moses Lake Air Force Base, WA, served overseas during this period. Issued new F-86A Sabre jets the 116th was stationed at the Royal Air Force base at Manston, England as part of the reinforcement of NATO forces put in place to discourage a Soviet attack in Europe. The six squadrons that actually deployed and fought in Korea were released in July 1952. The last flying units of the Air Guard serving on active duty during this period were finally released on December 31, 1952.
1952 – The United States exploded the first hydrogen bomb at Eniwetok Atoll in the Pacific. The first H-bomb ever 'Mike' was exploded at 7.15 am local time on November 1st 1952. The mushroom cloud was 8 miles across and 27 miles high. The canopy was 100 miles wide. Radioactive mud fell out of the sky followed by heavy rain. 80 million tons of earth was vaporised. Mike was the first ever megaton yeild explosion.
1968 – President Johnson announces bombing halt. In a televised address to the nation five days before the presidential election, President Lyndon Johnson announces that on the basis of developments in the Paris peace negotiations, he has ordered the complete cessation of "all air, naval, and artillery bombardment of North Vietnam." Accordingly, effective November 1, the U.S. Air Force called a halt to the air raids on North Vietnam known as Operation Rolling Thunder. The President further disclosed that Hanoi had finally agreed to allow the South Vietnamese government to participate in the peace talks. Johnson said that the United States would consent to a role for the National Liberation Front, though he stated that the latter concession "in no way involves recognition of the National Liberation Front in any form." The National Liberation Front (or Viet Cong, as it was more popularly known) was the classic Communist front organization that included both Communists and non-Communists who had banded together in opposition against the Saigon regime. Domestically, President Johnson's action drew widespread acclaim; both major presidential candidates expressed their full support. The reaction in Saigon, however, was much more subdued; President Thieu issued a communiqué declaring that the United States had acted unilaterally in its decision to halt the bombing.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
. *PITTS, RILEY L.
Rank and organization: Captain, U.S. Army, Company C, 2d Battalion, 27th Infantry, 25th Infantry Division. Place and date: Ap Dong, Republic of Vietnam, 31 October 1967. Entered service at: Wichita, Kans. Born: 15 October 1937, Fallis, Okla. Citation: Distinguishing himself by exceptional heroism while serving as company commander during an airmobile assault. Immediately after his company landed in the area, several Viet Cong opened fire with automatic weapons. Despite the enemy fire, Capt. Pitts forcefully led an assault which overran the enemy positions. Shortly thereafter, Capt. Pitts was ordered to move his unit to the north to reinforce another company heavily engaged against a strong enemy force. As Capt. Pitts' company moved forward to engage the enemy, intense fire was received from 3 directions, including fire from 4 enemy bunkers, 2 of which were within 15 meters of Capt. Pitts' position. The severity of the incoming fire prevented Capt. Pitts from maneuvering his company. His rifle fire proving ineffective against the enemy due to the dense jungle foliage, he picked up an M-79 grenade launcher and began pinpointing the targets. Seizing a Chinese Communist grenade which had been taken from a captured Viet Cong's web gear, Capt. Pitts lobbed the grenade at a bunker to his front, but it hit the dense jungle foliage and rebounded. Without hesitation, Capt. Pitts threw himself on top of the grenade which, fortunately, failed to explode. Capt. Pitts then directed the repositioning of the company to permit friendly artillery to be fired. Upon completion of the artillery fire mission, Capt. Pitts again led his men toward the enemy positions, personally killing at least 1 more Viet Cong. The jungle growth still prevented effective fire to be placed on the enemy bunkers. Capt. Pitts, displaying complete disregard for his life and personal safety, quickly moved to a position which permitted him to place effective fire on the enemy. He maintained a continuous fire, pinpointing the enemy's fortified positions, while at the same time directing and urging his men forward, until he was mortally wounded. Capt. Pitts' conspicuous gallantry, extraordinary heroism, and intrepidity at the cost of his life, above and beyond the call of duty, are in the highest traditions of the U.S. Army and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the Armed Forces of his country.
THORNTON, MICHAEL EDWIN
Rank and organization: Petty Officer, U.S. Navy, Navy Advisory Group. Place and date: Republic of Vietnam, 31 October 1972. Entered service at: Spartanburg, S.C. Born: 23 March 1949, Greenville, S.C. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while participating in a daring operation against enemy forces. PO Thornton, as Assistant U.S. Navy Advisor, along with a U.S. Navy lieutenant serving as Senior Advisor, accompanied a 3-man Vietnamese Navy SEAL patrol on an intelligence gathering and prisoner capture operation against an enemy-occupied naval river base. Launched from a Vietnamese Navy junk in a rubber boat, the patrol reached land and was continuing on foot toward its objective when it suddenly came under heavy fire from a numerically superior force. The patrol called in naval gunfire support and then engaged the enemy in a fierce firefight, accounting for many enemy casualties before moving back to the waterline to prevent encirclement. Upon learning that the Senior Advisor had been hit by enemy fire and was believed to be dead, PO Thornton returned through a hail of fire to the lieutenant's last position; quickly disposed of 2 enemy soldiers about to overrun the position, and succeeded in removing the seriously wounded and unconscious Senior Naval Advisor to the water's edge. He then inflated the lieutenant's lifejacket and towed him seaward for approximately 2 hours until picked up by support craft. By his extraordinary courage and perseverance, PO Thornton was directly responsible for saving the life of his superior officer and enabling the safe extraction of all patrol members, thereby upholding the highest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service.
WILLIAMS, JAMES E.
Rank and organization: Boatswain's Mate First Class (PO1c.), U.S. Navy, River Section 531, My Tho, RVN, Place and date: Mekong River, Republic of Vietnam, 31 October 1966. Entered service at: Columbia, S.C. Born: 13 June 1930, Rock Hill, S.C. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. PO1c. Williams was serving as Boat Captain and Patrol Officer aboard River Patrol Boat (PBR) 105 accompanied by another patrol boat when the patrol was suddenly taken under fire by 2 enemy sampans. PO1c. Williams immediately ordered the fire returned, killing the crew of 1 enemy boat and causing the other sampan to take refuge in a nearby river inlet. Pursuing the fleeing sampan, the U.S. patrol encountered a heavy volume of small-arms fire from enemy forces, at close range, occupying well-concealed positions along the river bank. Maneuvering through this fire, the patrol confronted a numerically superior enemy force aboard 2 enemy junks and 8 sampans augmented by heavy automatic weapons fire from ashore. In the savage battle that ensued, PO1c. Williams, with utter disregard for his safety exposed himself to the withering hail of enemy fire to direct counter-fire and inspire the actions of his patrol. Recognizing the overwhelming strength of the enemy force, PO1c. Williams deployed his patrol to await the arrival of armed helicopters. In the course of his movement his discovered an even larger concentration of enemy boats. Not waiting for the arrival of the armed helicopters, he displayed great initiative and boldly led the patrol through the intense enemy fire and damaged or destroyed 50 enemy sampans and 7 junks. This phase of the action completed, and with the arrival of the armed helicopters, PO1c. Williams directed the attack on the remaining enemy force. Now virtually dark, and although PO1c. Williams was aware that his boats would become even better targets, he ordered the patrol boats' search lights turned on to better illuminate the area and moved the patrol perilously close to shore to press the attack. Despite a waning supply of ammunition the patrol successfully engaged the enemy ashore and completed the rout of the enemy force. Under the leadership of PO 1 c. Williams, who demonstrated unusual professional skill and indomitable courage throughout the 3 hour battle, the patrol accounted for the destruction or loss of 65 enemy boats and inflicted numerous casualties on the enemy personnel. His extraordinary heroism and exemplary fighting spirit in the face of grave risks inspired the efforts of his men to defeat a larger enemy force, and are in keeping with the finest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for October 31, 2020 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
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31 October
1910: Ralph Johnstone flew his Wright Biplane to a new world altitude record of 9,714 feet at the Belmont Park International Meet (See 22 October). (9) (24)
1942: After 10 days of bombing operations against German submarine pens in France, Gen Carl Spaatz informed Gen H.H. Arnold that the operations were too costly for the results obtained because the pens were too well protected from normal high-altitude bombing. General Spaatz planned to operate as low as 4,000 feet and accept the high casualty rates. (4)
1943: Near New Georgia, Solomon Islands, a Chance Vought F4U-2 Corsair pilot completed the Navy's first successful radar-guided interception. (20) For the first time from the Mediterranean Theater, 38 B-17s from Twelfth Air Force bombed France, striking Antheor Viaduct near Cannes. (24)
1948: The USAF revealed that ramjet engines were used for the first time on piloted aircraft, a modified F-80. (12)
1951: KOREAN WAR. A service-test C-124A departed for the US, after successfully completing its test in the Far East. The results convinced the 315th Air Division of the need for a Globemaster squadron. Additionally, the 315th Air Division transported 3,200 passengers, including over 1,500 troops on "rest and recuperation" leave. Intelligence representatives from the Fifth Air Force, U.S. Eighth Army, and U.S. Navy decided to expand intelligence activities on the island of Cho-do, a prime location for infiltration/exfiltration of UN agents and refugee interrogation. (28)
1953: Mr. Trevor Gardner, Special Assistant to the SECAF for R&D, formed the Strategic Missiles Evaluation Committee to review and evaluate Air Force missile programs. (6)
1956: Lt Cmdr Gus Shinn landed a ski-equipped R4D-5 (a Navy version of the DC-3), named "Que Sera Sera," at the South Pole. Shinn kept the engines running while RAdm George Dufek stepped out of the plane to stand at the Pole. Dufek and six other Navy crewmen became the first to stand on the spot since January 1912. (AFNEWS Article, "109th Airlift Wing Commemorates First South Pole Landing," 3 Nov 2006)
1957: A Snark missile launched at Cape Canaveral completed its first full range flight test. It flew 5,000 miles to the target area near Ascension Island. (6)
1959: The first Atlas equipped with a nuclear warhead went on alert at Vandenberg AFB. (6)
1962: The first US geodetic survey satellite, Anna, launched from Cape Canaveral.
1965: SAC accepted the first flight of 10 Minuteman IIs at the 447 SMS, Grand Forks AFB. (6)
1966: The USAF selected Boeing Company to produce the AGM-069A SRAM for FB-111s and late model B-52s. (6) (12)
1972: The USAF inactivated the last BOMARC surface-to-air missile squadron, the 22d Air Defense Missile Squadron, at Langley AFB. (16) (21)
1976: The first USAF E-3A AWACS aircraft, with its full complement of surveillance and command and control avionics, made its first test flight.
1985: The Challenger's ninth mission carried Spacelab D-1. West Germany bought the entire seven-day mission that returned to earth on 5 November.
1994: Through 1 November, two B-1 Lancers from Ellsworth AFB flew a nonstop mission to a bombing range in Kuwait and back. The 25-hour mission was the first time for the B-1s in the Gulf Region. (16)
1997: In the Linear Aerospike SR-71 Experiment (LASRE) project, NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center flew the X-33's linear aerospike engine mounted on an SR-71 from Edwards AFB. The sortie determined the unfueled engine's aerodynamic characteristics. Ultimately, the engine was not ignited in flight. (3)
2000: Mission Commander Bill Shepherd and two Russian cosmonauts launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan into space to become the first residents of the International Space Station. (21)
2001: Operation ENDURING FREEDOM. A pair of C-17s flew over Afghanistan to deliver some 35,000 humanitarian rations. The loadmaster aboard one C-17 tossed out a single plasticenclosed meal to symbolically represent the millionth meal airdropped. That act occurred on the 61st C-17 humanitarian flight to help feed Afghan refugees. (22)
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