The List 6143 TGB
Good Sunday Morning June 26
I hope that you all are having a great start to your weekend.
Regards,
skip
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On This Day in Naval and Marine Corps History
June 26
1945 USS Bears (DD 654), USS John Hood (DD 655), USS Jarvis (DD 799), and USS Porter (DD 800) sink three Japanese auxiliary submarine chasers and a guardboat and damage a fourth auxiliary submarine chaser south of Okekotan, Kurils.
1945 USS Parche (SS 384) attacks a Japanese convoy and sinks gunboat Kamitsu Maru and freighter Eikan Maru seven miles of Todo Saki, southern Honshu.
1950 After North Korean invaded South Korea, USS Mansfield (DD 728) and USS De Haven (DD 727) evacuates 700 Americans and friendly foreign nationals from Inchon, Korea.
1962 U.S. Naval Facility, Cape Hatteras, N.C., makes the first Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) detection of a Soviet diesel submarine.
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Today in History June 26
363 Roman Emperor Julian dies, ending the Pagan Revival.
1096 Peter the Hermit's crusaders force their way across Sava, Hungary.
1243 The Seljuk Turkish army in Asia Minor is wiped out by the Mongols.
1541 Former followers murder Francisco Pizarro, the Spanish Conqueror of Peru.
1794 The French defeat an Austrian army at the Battle of Fleurus.
1804 The Lewis and Clark Expedition reaches the mouth of the Kansas River after completing a westward trek of nearly 400 river miles.
1844 Julia Gardiner and President John Tyler are married in New York City.
1862 General Robert E. Lee attacks George McClellan's line at Mechanicsville during the Seven Days' campaign.
1863 Jubal Early and his Confederate forces move into Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
1900 The United States announces it will send troops to fight against the Boxer Rebellion in China.
1907 Russia's nobility demands drastic measures be taken against revolutionaries.
1908 Shah Muhammad Ali's forces squelch the reform elements of Parliament in Persia.
1916 Russian General Aleksei Brusilov renews his offensive against the Germans.
1917 General Pershing arrives in France with the American Expeditionary Force.
1918 The Germans begin firing their huge 420 mm howitzer, "Big Bertha," at Paris.
1926 A memorial to the first U.S. troops in France is unveiled at St. Nazaire.
1924 After eight years of occupation, American troops leave the Dominican Republic.
1942 The Grumman F6F Hellcat fighter flies for the first time.
1945 The U.N. Charter is signed by 50 nations in San Francisco, California.
1951 The Soviet Union proposes a cease-fire in the Korean War.
1961 A Kuwaiti vote opposes Iraq's annexation plans.
1963 President John Kennedy announces "Ich bin ein Berliner" at the Berlin Wall.
1971 The U.S. Justice Department issues a warrant for Daniel Ellsberg, accusing him of giving away the Pentagon Papers.
1975 Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is convicted of election fraud.
1993 Roy Campanella, legendary catcher for the Negro Leagues and the Los Angeles Dodgers, dies.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post
… For The List for Sunday, 26 June 2022… Bear 🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 26 June 1967… Dive Bombing 101…
… My RTR repost for Sunday, 26 June refers to this 639-page dissertation…The link below is a backup for the link included in the original post. Suggest you attach this sure-fire link to your RTR reposts for 26 June 2022… thanks, Bear
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
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Thanks to Mud
Happy Birthday Chesty wherever you are.
S/F,
- Mud
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This still works great
Thanks to Carl….A combat nap is a great way to get a burst of energy
(OOPS, my secret routine is revealed!)
FANtastic News: Naps Make You Smarter, Nicer
ANDREW MALCOLMPosted at 2:41 pm on June 27, 2019
Finally, a scientific explanation for how some of us of a certain age have gotten so much smarter than others over the years.
Naps.
Some wise cultures around the world with high noontime temperatures have midday breaks for a whole hour or two called siestas, which is Spanish for "four commutes a day."
When many Americans were younger, naps were punishment or an enforced rest to allow a presiding adult to grab some ZZZ's too. Decades later, naps have become like delightful little vacations.
Now, it turns out, naps are not only restorative, especially if you haven't slept well at night. But they also improve mood (check), physical performance (meh), even the ability to learn (check) and enhanced memory (can't remember).
This all sounds so good that it might not be totally true. But we're going with select health literature that says it is.
Most Americans employers have this crazy notion that they're paying to work, not sleep. So, you're supposed to power through those dozey times after lunch when the eyelids have a lazy mind of their own.
Unfortunately, studies have shown that short naps like 10 minutes are the best for maximum benefit and least wake-up fog. Some of us do not mind such half-awake moments. They remind of a Saturday morning which by the way is now only two days away.
One study a few years ago found:
The benefits of brief (5-15 min) naps are almost immediate after the nap and last a limited period (1-3h).
Longer naps (> 30 min) can produce impairment from sleep inertia for a short period after waking but then produce improved cognitive performance for a longer period (up to many hours).
The time of day that seems to produce the most benefits is early afternoons.
And another key factor is that nap benefits increase most when they become regular events, as in a habit at roughly the same time of day. The body gets into its own rest rhythm.
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Thanks to Dennis. This story was in the list a couple of years ago but it is worth the repeat.
This is a great read
A REALLY SUSPENSEFUL read of about 20 minutes. Spare the time! You'll be glad you did. the "California Clipper" was the first commercial aircraft to circumnavigate the globe. The risks they had to take were unprecedented to avoid destruction by the Japanese after war was declared on Dec 5th. What started as a routine shuttle between San Francisco and Auckland, New Zealand (and back across the Pacific to S.F.) turned out to be a trip around the world to New York by returning home from the OPPOSITE DIRECTION to avoid Pacific hostile Jap fighters.
Dennis
Written by John Bull, Writer and Historian - Aug 11, 2014
This Plane Accidentally Flew Around the World
After Pearl Harbor, the crew of Pan Am flight 18602 was forced to do the impossible
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Thanks to Brett
STRATFOR
THE WEEKLY RUNDOWN
RISKS AND OPPORTUNITIES THAT WILL SHAPE THE COMING WEEK
KEY DEVELOPMENTS WE'RE TRACKING
An unmanned NASA mission blasts off for the Moon. Rocket Labs plans to launch the CAPSTONE CubeSat for its mission to the Moon on June 27 from a New Zealand spaceport. The CAPSTONE mission is an important support mission for NASA's Artemis program, which aims to send astronauts back to the moon. CAPSTONE will be the first spacecraft to test the so-called near-rectilinear halo orbit around the moon that has low repellant requirements that make it ideal for a future space station orbiting the moon. NASA plans to use the orbit for its planned Gateway space station that will serve as a lunar outpost for deep space exploration. The CAPSTONE mission will be followed by NASA's Artemis I mission, Which is slated to launch no earlier than August 2022. The Artemis I mission will send an unmanned Orion crew capsule to orbit the moon in hopes of certifying the capsule and the Space Launch System for manned missions.
A U.S.-Taiwan trade meeting. U.S. and Taiwanese representatives will hold their first in-person meeting to discuss the U.S.-Taiwan Initiative on 21st Century Trade some- time in the last week of June, according to Taiwan's top negotiator for the deal. The initiative, launched June 1, will not bolster market access or reduce tariff barriers, but will focus on labor and environmental issues, anti-corruption measures, digital trade standards, facilitating customs and reducing nonmarket activities. Though Taiwanese officials have voiced hopes for a full free trade agreement, the prospects of this are low given U.S. red tape on forming trade agreements. The meeting may reveal new details about these aspects or a timeline, while China will continue to denounce Washington for neglecting "proper" U.S.-China trade channels.
NATO's historic summit. Western leaders will gather June 29-30 in Madrid for a NATO summit that is likely the most momentous in decades. The top agenda item will be responding to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, including through a comprehensive assistance package to transition Ukraine from Soviet-era to modern NATO equipment and improve Ukraine's interoperability with NATO. Leaders will also discuss a new Strategic Concept for the alliance, the first update to its guiding principles since 2010, and enhanced force deployments in eastern member states amid the threat posed by Russia. The allies will also examine Finland's and Sweden's membership applications, but whether progress will be achieved during the summit in satisfying Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's conditions for the pairs' admission remains to be seen.
Lebanese government formation. Lebanon's prime minister-designate, Najib Mikati, will submit a Cabinet lineup to President Michel Aoun sometime in the coming week. The government's nominees will represent an effort to balance the competing sectarian forces that make up the Lebanese political system. Lebanon held early legislative elections May 15, and government formation is a critical step for Beirut to proceed with economic reform plans that must be implemented in order to receive the International Monetary Fund funding that would help ease the country's severe financial crisis.
MOST READ ANALYSIS FROM THE WEEK
In Senegal, Protests Turn Violent Ahead of Elections
The Senegalese government's decision to exclude opposition members from upcoming legislative elections will likely prompt more unrest in the short term, increasing political uncertainty and the risk of economic crisis. Violence between protesters and police broke out across the country on June 17 after opposition leaders called for demonstrations against the government's decision to bar a list of candidates for Senegal's legislative elections on July 31. Law enforcement blocked access to the home of Ousmane Sonko, the country's main opposition leader, preventing him from leaving his house in Dakar to join the protests. Police also arrested opposition party ministers Dethie Fall and Mame Diarra Fam, as well as Ahmed Aidara, the mayor of Guediawaye, a sub-region of Dakar. Three people were killed in the violence, including a taxi driver who was shot and killed in Ziguinchor, Casamance, located in southern Senegal. Sonko then issued an ultimatum to President Macky Sall, demanding that the president release political prisoners or risk facing more violence as Sonko and his political allies attempt to free them extrajudicially.
By Feeding Into Nativist Rhetoric, Turkey's Government Tempts Fate
Turkey's ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) is indulging anti-refugee sentiment, strengthening the drivers coercing Syrians back home and pushing Ankara to launch a risky new offensive there that might cause more refugees to flee into Turkey. Starting July 1, Turkish authorities will impose foreign residency quotas on certain neighborhoods around the country, limiting the number of refugees to 20%. According to Interior Minister Suleyman Soylu, the decision will effectively bar new foreigners from entering around 1,200 neighborhoods nationwide. This comes amid rising nativist popular backlash against refugees in Turkey that is rapidly becoming a political campaign issue ahead of the elections in 2023.
The Hard Realities That Await Colombia's New Left-Wing President
The realities of a fractured legislature and a slowing economy will likely force Colombia's leftist president-elect Gustavo Petro to scale back aspects of his progressive policy agenda, though he may have some success in accelerating the country's transition to clean energy. Colombia has elected its first leftist president in decades, a little more than a year after mass anti-government protests swept the country. Left-wing lawmaker and former Bogota mayor Gustavo Petro won Colombia's June 19 presidential run-off election with 50.4% of the vote, beating out conservative candidate Rodolfo Hernandez's 47.3%. Petro -- who campaigned on tackling climate change, poverty and other inequality issues -- will begin his four-year term on Aug. 7.
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Thanks to Tom
View the Latest Edition of "This Week @NASA" (published June 24, 2022)
Folks
I'm out of pocket this week.... so here you go with no play-by-play:
ENJOY!!
MARS PICTURES
Mercury
Solar drag
AGENCYWIDE MESSAGE TO ALL NASA EMPLOYEES
Points of Contact: Brittany Brown, brittany.a.brown@nasa.gov and Andre Valentine, andre.valentine-1@nasa.gov, Office of Communications, NASA Headquarters
------------------------------------------------------------------------
View the Latest Edition of "This Week @NASA" (published June 24, 2022)
View the latest "This Week @NASA," produced by NASA Television, for features on agency news and activities. Stories in this program include:
• NASA Announces Artemis Concept Awards for Nuclear Power on Moon
• Curiosity Captures Stunning Views of a Changing Mars Landscape
• NASA Introduces New Flight Directors in Class of 2022
• NASA Documentary Celebrates Black Space Explorers
• Vice President Hosts NASA for Family STEM Event
To watch this episode, click on the image below:
Watch the Video
To access this edition of "This Week @NASA," you may also visit:
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This notice is being sent agencywide to all employees by NASA INC in the Office of Communications at NASA Headquarters.
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This day in US Military History
June 26
1917 – During World War I, the first 14,000 U.S. infantry troops land in France at the port of Saint Nazaire. The landing site had been kept secret because of the menace of German submarines, but by the time the Americans had lined up to take their first salute on French soil, an enthusiastic crowd had gathered to welcome them. However, the "Doughboys," as the British referred to the green American troops, were untrained, ill-equipped, and far from ready for the difficulties of fighting along the Western Front. One of U.S. General John J. Pershing's first duties as commander of the American Expeditionary Force was to set up training camps in France and establish communication and supply networks. Four months later, on October 21, the first Americans entered combat when units from the U.S. Army's First Division were assigned to Allied trenches in the Luneville sector near Nancy, France. Each American unit was attached to a corresponding French unit. Two days later, Corporal Robert Bralet of the Sixth Artillery became the first U.S. soldier to fire a shot in the war when he discharged a French 75mm gun into a German trench a half mile away. On November 2, Corporal James Gresham and privates Thomas Enright and Merle Hay of the 16th Infantry became the first American soldiers to die when Germans raided their trenches near Bathelemont, France. After four years of bloody stalemate along the Western Front, the entrance of America's well-supplied forces into the conflict was a major turning point in the war. When the war finally ended on November 11, 1918, more than two million American soldiers had served on the battlefields of Western Europe, and more than 50,000 of these men had lost their lives.
1944 – Coast Guard LCDR Quentin R. Walsh and his small commando/reconnaissance unit forced the surrender of Fort du Homet, a Nazi stronghold at Cherbourg, France, and captured 300 German soldiers and liberated 50 U.S. paratroopers who had been captured on D-Day. For his heroic actions Walsh was awarded the Navy Cross.
1948 – In response to the Soviet blockade of land routes into West Berlin, the United States begins a massive airlift of food, water, and medicine to the citizens of the besieged city. For nearly a year, supplies from American planes sustained the over 2 million people in West Berlin. On June 24, 1948, the Soviet Union blocked all road and rail travel to and from West Berlin, which was located within the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany. The Soviet action was in response to the refusal of American and British officials to allow Russia more say in the economic future of Germany. The U.S. government was shocked by the provocative Soviet move, and some in President Harry S. Truman's administration called for a direct military response. Truman, however, did not want to cause World War III. Instead, he ordered a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin. On June 26, 1948, the first planes took off from bases in England and western Germany and landed in West Berlin. It was a daunting logistical task to provide food, clothing, water, medicine, and other necessities of life for the over 2 million fearful citizens of the city. For nearly a year, American planes landed around the clock. Over 200,000 planes carried in more than one-and-a-half million tons of supplies. The Soviets persisted with the blockade until May 1949. By then, however, it was apparent to everyone concerned that the blockade had been a diplomatic fiasco for the Russians. Around the world, the Soviets were portrayed as international bullies, holding men, women, and children hostage in West Berlin and threatening them with starvation. The unbelievably successful American airlift also backfired against the Russians by highlighting the technological superiority of the United States. By the time the Soviets ended the blockade, West Germany had become a separate and independent nation and the Russian failure was complete.
1950 – Far East Air Forces cargo planes began the evacuation of 700 U.S. State Department and Korean Military Advisory Group employees and their families. FEAF also sent ten F-51 Mustang fighters to the ROK forces.
1951 – The Soviet Union proposed a cease-fire in the Korean War.
1959 – In a ceremony presided over by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Queen Elizabeth II, the St. Lawrence Seaway is officially opened, creating a navigational channel from the Atlantic Ocean to all the Great Lakes. The seaway, made up of a system of canals, locks, and dredged waterways, extends a distance of nearly 2,500 miles, from the Atlantic Ocean through the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Duluth, Minnesota, on Lake Superior. Work on the massive project was initiated by a joint U.S.-Canadian commission in 1954, and five years later, in April 1959, the icebreaker D'Iberville began the first transit of the St. Lawrence Seaway. Since its official opening, more than two billion tons of cargo, with an estimated worth of more than $300 billion, have moved along its canals and channels. Twenty-eight Naval vessels sail from Atlantic to Great Lakes, arrive to mark the formal opening of Saint Lawrence Seaway to seagoing ships.
1962 – NAVFAC Cape Hatteras makes first Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) detection of a Soviet diesel submarine.
1973 – Navy Task Force 78 completes minesweeping of North Vietnamese ports.
1992 – Navy Secretary H. Lawrence Garrett III resigned, accepting responsibility for a "leadership failure" that resulted in the Tailhook sex-abuse scandal.
Thanks to Dan and the one below appears to be yet another. In response to Dan's note we started Identifying these men by looking at the time and place of the action. Generally all of them took place in the Italian campaign and there are a lot of them.
Skip,
I don't know where you get the list of people who earned the Medal of Honor, each day, but here is a question. The summary format on "The List" for each person who earned the Medal of Honor is the same, except for those who are Japanese-American. For everyone else, the unit of assignment is given, such as "Company, Battalion, Division, etc. However, the unit of assignment, for those with Japanese-American names, is never given. I have noticed this in dozens of "The List", including todays "List".
Almost all of the Japanese-Americans who served in WWII, were assigned to the 442nd Infantry, a Hawaiian military unit which is now part of the Hawaiian National Guard, and which served in Italy and Southeastern Europe during WWII. They became the most decorated military unit in the U.S. Army during WWII, and served while many had members of their families who were held at Internment Facilities (such as Manzanar, in California). Almost all were "Nisei", or second generation, Hawaiian residents (decades before Hawaii became a state).
I know their history, because I served with many "Nisei" and "Sansei" (3rd generation) in Hawaii, in 1968, and then with a "Sansei", in 1972-73. In 1968, at the peak of our involvement in Vietnam, and because of civilian antipathy towards everything military, the U.S. government elected to mobilize the Hawaiian National Guard, as a test case to deploy the reserve forces in Vietnam. They chose the Hawaiian National Guard because there was nowhere else in the country where the military had greater support by the general civilian population, than in Hawaii.
If anyone doubts their valor, let them visit the military museum at Ft. DeRussey, HI, in the heart of Wakiki Beach.
Excuse my diatribe, but they deserve to have their unit of assignment identified in "The List", so that everyone recognizes their unit of assignment, and the role that unit played in WWII.
Dan
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
*MURANAGA, KIYOSHI K.
Private First Class Kiyoshi K. Muranaga distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 26 June 1944, near Suvereto, Italy. Private First Class Muranaga's company encountered a strong enemy force in commanding positions and with superior firepower. An enemy 88mm self-propelled gun opened direct fire on the company, causing the men to disperse and seek cover. Private First Class Muranaga's mortar squad was ordered to action, but the terrain made it impossible to set up their weapons. The squad leader, realizing the vulnerability of the mortar position, moved his men away from the gun to positions of relative safety. Because of the heavy casualties being inflicted on his company, Private First Class Muranaga, who served as a gunner, attempted to neutralize the 88mm weapon alone. Voluntarily remaining at his gun position, Private First Class Muranaga manned the mortar himself and opened fire on the enemy gun at a range of approximately 400 yards. With his third round, he was able to correct his fire so that the shell landed directly in front of the enemy gun. Meanwhile, the enemy crew, immediately aware of the source of mortar fire, turned their 88mm weapon directly on Private First Class Muranaga's position. Before Private First Class Muranaga could fire a fourth round, an 88mm shell scored a direct hit on his position, killing him instantly. Because of the accuracy of Private First Class Muranaga's previous fire, the enemy soldiers decided not to risk further exposure and immediately abandoned their position. Private First Class Muranaga's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the United States Army.
WILLIAMS, JOHN
Rank and organization: Captain of the Maintop, U.S. Navy. Born: 1828, New Orleans, La. Accredited to: Louisiana. G.O. No.: 11, 3 April 1863. Citation: Serving as captain of the maintop of the U.S.S. Pawnee in the attack upon Mathias Point, 26 June 1861, Williams told his men, while lying off in the boat, that every man must die on his thwart sooner than leave a man behind. Although wounded by a musket ball in the thigh he retained the charge of his boat; and when the staff was shot away, held the stump in his hand, with the flag, until alongside the Freeborn.
CALLEN, THOMAS J.
Rank and organization: Private, Company B, 7th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date. At Little Big Horn, Mont., 25-26 June 1876. Entered service at: Boston, Mass. Birth: Ireland. Date of issue: 24 October 1896. Citatlon: Volunteered and succeeded in obtaining water for the wounded of the command; also displayed conspicuously good conduct in assistlng to drive away the Indians.
GOLDIN, THEODORE W.
Rank and organization: Private, Troop G, 7th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Little Big Horn, Mont., 26 June 1876. Entered service at: Chicago, Ill. Born: 25 July 1855, Avon, Rock County, Wis. Date of issue: 21 December 1895. Citation: One of a party of volunteers who, under a heavy fire from the Indians, went for and brought water to the wounded .
GREAVES, CLINTON
Rank and organization: Corporal, Company C, 9th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Florida Mountains, N. Mex., 24 January 1877. Entered service at: Prince Georges County, Md. Birth: Madison County, Va. Date of issue: 26 June 1879. Citation: While part of a small detachment to persuade a band of renegade Apache Indians to surrender, his group was surrounded. Cpl. Greaves in the center of the savage hand-to-hand fighting, managed to shoot and bash a gap through the swarming Apaches, permitting his companions to break free .
SCOTT, GEORGE D.
Rank and organization: Private, Company D, 7th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Little Big Horn, Mont., 25-26 June 1876. Entered service at: Mt. Vernon, Ky. Birth: Lancaster County, Ky. Date of issue: 5 October 1878. Citation: Voluntarily brought water to the wounded under fire.
STIVERS, THOMAS W.
Rank and organization: Private, Company D, 7th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Little Big Horn, Mont., 25-26 June 1876. Entered service at: Mt. Vernon, Ky. Birth: Madison County, Ky. Date of issue: 5 October 1878. Citation: Voluntarily brought water to the wounded under fire.
WELCH, CHARLES H.
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company D, 7th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Little Big Horn, Mont., 25-26 June 1876. Entered service at: Ft. Snelling, Minn. Birth: New York, N.Y. Date of issue 5 October 1878. Citation: Voluntarily brought water to the wounded under fire.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for June 26
FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR June 26
THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
26 June
1909: Glenn H. Curtiss flew his first Curtiss airplane in exhibitions at the Aeronautical Society's meet at Morris Park aerodrome. These were the first flights over New York City. (24)
1942: The F6F Hellcat first flew.
1944 – Coast Guard LCDR Quentin R. Walsh and his small commando/reconnaissance unit forced the surrender of Fort du Homet, a Nazi stronghold at Cherbourg, France, and captured 300 German soldiers and liberated 50 U.S. paratroopers who had been captured on D-Day. For his heroic actions Walsh was awarded the Navy Cross.
1945: B-29s started nighttime raids on Japanese oil refineries. (20)
1946: The Aeronautical Board agreed that the US AAF and US Navy would use the knot and nautical mile as standard aeronautical units of speed and distance. (20)
1948: KEY EVENT--Operation VITTLES. An airlift began with C-47s in response to the blockade of Berlin. At Furstenfeldbruck, Germany, SAC had a 30l BG squadron with B-29s in place for training. SAC also ordered two other 30lst squadrons to Furstenfeldbruck along with the 28 BG from Rapid City AFB and 307 BG from MacDill AFB to England for alert duty. (1) (2) The 7 BG at Carswell AFB received SAC's first B-36A Peacemaker (44-92004). With its 160- foot length and 230-foot wingspan, the six-engine Peacemaker was the world's largest warplane. The bomber had an intercontinental capability. (1) (12) (21)
1950: President Truman ordered the USAF and US Navy to aid South Korea, which had been invaded by the North Korean Communist forces. The 68th Fighter All-Weather Squadron flew F-82 Twin Mustangs to provide cover for a Norwegian ship evacuating US citizens from Seoul, Korea, by sea. SB-17 planes then covered the ship's movement from Inchon to Japan. In continued preparation for air evacuation of US citizens from Korea, FEAF traded C-54s for C-47s from all over the Far East to permit operations on smaller airfields. (21) (28)
1954: Operation WOUNDED WARRIOR. Through 17 July, airlift aircraft from FEAF and MATS carried 509 French Foreign Legion veterans from Saigon, Vietnam, to Paris, France, and Oran, Algeria, by way of Tokyo and Westover AFB, Mass. The 14,000-mile airlift had to follow an eastern route for political reasons. (18)
1956: An aircraft flew the first mission in the CARTRAC air traffic control tests conducted at Shaw AFB. This test continued through 15 December.
1957: TAC's first WB-66 weather reconnaissance aircraft arrived for duty with the 9th Reconnaissance Squadron, 363d TRW, at Shaw AFB.
1962: At Vandenberg AFB, a 389 SMS crew of Francis E. Warren AFB successfully launched an Atlas D in the first test of the Army's Nike-Zeus interceptor. The interception failed. (6)
1963: A Thor-Delta rocket launched NASA's SYNCOM II communications satellite into orbit from Cape Canaveral. Five hours later, an apogee kick motor fired to place the satellite into a synchronus orbit. (16)
1964: Through 24 July, C-130s delivered over 950 tons of food to remote areas in Pakistan in affected by flooding. (18)
1971: The last F-100 unit in Southeast Asia, the 35 TFW at Phan Rang AB in S. Vietnam, ceased operations. (17)
1972: The Air Force unveiled the F-15 superiority fighter in ceremonies at the McDonnell Douglas facility in St. Louis. (30)
1983: Through 1 July, three USAF C-130s moved 170 tons of food, medicine, and other relief supplies to help victims of a flood in northwestern Peru. (16)
1994: A 60 AW C-5 from Travis AFB flew a 34-ton Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) machine to Chernobyl, Ukraine. There, medical specialists used the machine to treat victims of the 1986 nuclear reactor meltdown. (16)
2001: Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld proposed a one-third cut in USAF's fleet of 93 B-1B bombers. Under that initiative, which surprised Congress and the National Guard Bureau, the ANG B-1B units in Georgia and Kansas would lose their B-1s and unit funding by 1 October 2001. (32)
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