The List 6216 TGB
Good Thursday Morning September 15
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Today in Naval and Marine Corps History
September. 15
1942
USS Wasp (CV 7) is torpedoed by a Japanese submarine while operating in the Southwestern Pacific in support of forces on Guadalcanal. USS O'Brien (DD 415) and USS North Carolina (BB 55) are also struck by torpedoes from the same submarine.
1943
USS Saufley (DD 465) and a Catalina Patrol Bomber piloted by Lt. W. J. Geritz from Patrol Squadron Twenty Three (VP 23) sinks the Japanese submarine RO-101 100 miles southeast of San Cristobal, Solomons.
1944
USS Pampanito (SS 383) and USS Sealion (SS 315) rescue 73 British and 54 Australian POWs who survive the loss of Japanese freighter, Rakuyo Maru, after she is sunk by Sealion on Sept. 12, about 300 miles west of Cape Bojeador, Luzon. There had been 1,300 men on board Rakuyo Maru when she is torpedoed.
1950
During the Korean War, after preliminary naval gunfire and air bombardment on Sept. 13, the First and Fifth Marines go ashore for the Inchon Invasion, which includes US Army and Korean forces.
2012
USNS Choctaw County (JHSV 2) is christened and launched at Mobile, Ala. The joint high-speed vessel provides rapid transport of military equipment and personnel in theater.
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Today in History: September 15
1588 The Spanish Armada, which attempted to invade England, is destroyed by a British fleet.
1776 The British occupy Manhattan.
1788 An alliance between Britain, Prussia and the Netherlands is ratified at the Hague.
1858 The Butterfield Overland Mail Company begins delivering mail from St. Louis to San Francisco. The company's motto is: "Remember, boys, nothing on God's earth must stop the United States mail!"
1862 Confederates capture Harpers Ferry, securing the rear of Robert E. Lee's forces in Maryland.
1891 The Dalton gang holds up a train and takes $2,500 at Wagoner, Oklahoma.
1914 President Woodrow Wilson orders the Punitive Expedition out of Mexico. The Expedition, headed by General John Pershing, had been searching for Pancho Villa, a Mexican revolutionary.
1916 Armored tanks are introduced by the British during the Battle of the Somme.
1928 Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming discovers, by accident, that the mold penicillin has an antibiotic effect.
1935 In Berlin, the Reich under Adolf Hitler adopts the swastika as the national flag.
1937 Prime Minister of England Neville Chamberlain flies to Germany to discuss the future of Czechoslovakia with Adolf Hitler.
1939 The Polish submarine Orzel arrives in Tallinn, Estonia, after escaping the German invasion of Poland.
1950 U.N. Forces, lead by the U.S. Marine Corps, invade occupied Korea at the port of Inchon. Considered the greatest amphibious attack in history, it is the zenith of General Douglas MacArthur's career.
1959 Nikita Khrushchev becomes first Soviet leader to visit the US.
1961 Hurricane Carla comes ashore in Texas, the second-most powerful ever to make landfall in that state.
1963 Four young African-American girls are killed by the bombing of a church in Birmingham, Alabama.
1966 US President Lyndon Johnson urges Congress to adopt gun control legislation in the wake of Charles Whitman's sniper attack from the University of Texas's Texas Tower; in all, Whitman shot and killed 15 people before being shot dead himself by an Austin police officer.
1968 The USSR launches Zond 5, which becomes the first spaceship to orbit the moon and reenter Earth's atmosphere.
1971 The environmental group Greenpeace is founded.
1981 Sandra Day O'Connor is unanimously approved by the Senate Judiciary Committee to become the first female justice on the US Supreme Court.
1983 Menachem Begin resigns as premier of Israel.
1990 France announces it will send 4,000 troops to join those of other nations assembling in the Persian Gulf to protect Saudi Arabia and force Iraq's dictator Saddam Hussein to withdraw troops from occupied Kuwait.
1998 MCI WorldCom begins operations after a landmark merger between World Com and MCI Communications.
2004 National Hockey League commissioner Gary Bettman announces a lockout of the players union.
2008 The largest Chapter 11 bankruptcy in US history is filed by Lehman Brothers financial services firm.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Thanks to THE BEAR
… For The List for Thursday, 15 September 2022… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 15 September 1967… Gradualism x Time = Eventual Destruction of all Targets…
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War
. Listed by last name and has other info
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Servicemembers Killed in the Vietnam War
(This site was sent by a friend last week and I forgot to forward. The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
AUGUST 15, 2022
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Thanks to Brett…..very interesting
Geopolitical Futures:
Keeping the future in focus
Daily Memo: The Resurgence of Tribalism in Saudi Arabia
The tribes are still a key part of Saudi society, and that's just fine with the royals.
By: Hilal Khashan
September 15, 2022
Last January, a Saudi sociology professor said he wished decision-makers – referring to the king and crown prince – would encourage intermarriage between people of different tribes, sects and faiths to help integrate society. He added that the tribe's role as a supporter of the state's existence has ended and that the Saudi people no longer see the origins of their compatriots as important because their focus has shifted from tribal identification to nation-building. The backlash was intense. Critics argued that the tribe is a red line in Saudi society and shouldn't be excluded from public life. They accused the professor of trying to stir up sedition and demanded that he be disciplined. The outrage prompted a government adviser on security affairs to urge him to stop provoking Saudi society in its most crucial component.
Although the Saudis have promoted, as part of their Vision 2030 national transformation project, a national identity that transcends the tribe, there's no reason to believe that the Saudi royals want to eradicate tribalism from society. In fact, they believe that its abolition could lead to calls for political reform, and even the end of the Al Sauds' rule. For them, the tribes are a useful force, dividing society into rival factions competing for a bigger share of the government's resources. As long as the tribes remain focused on each other, the Al Sauds are confident that they won't turn on them.
Manipulation of the Tribes
Saudi Arabia originated in desert settlements before sweeping into urban areas in the regions of Hejaz, Al Ahsa and Asir. It's the only country in which the tribes had a central military role in its establishment. Ibn Saud founded the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932 based on three pillars: Wahhabism, the Saudi household and the Najdi tribes in central Arabia. The Wahhabi doctrine contributed to the religious cover used to mobilize the tribes and articulate the kingdom's ideological framework. The Al Sauds provided the political leadership that commanded the tribal forces and the army, which eradicated other, more mature political entities in Arabia, specifically the Hashemite Kingdom in Hejaz.
Ibn Saud created his state in the parts of the Arabian Peninsula that did not impinge on Britain's protectorates in the Persian Gulf or its presence in Iraq and Trans-Jordan. When Ikhwan Wahhabists raided British-held territory and sacked the Shiite city of Karbala in Iraq, Ibn Saud decided to destroy them in the 1929 Battle of Sibilla, the last tribal uprising. Ibn Saud used religion to split the tribes' ranks and cloak his geographical expansion in ideology. He decided to tame them by ensuring that they would continue to see each other as rivals. Some tribal groups adopted the Saudi project and fought among themselves, which weakened them after Ibn Saud consolidated the foundations of his rule. The Al Sauds designated select people as sheikhs, leading to the disappearance of historical tribal households. They also engaged in arranged marriages to bind their family with prominent tribes in Najd. In addition, the government allocated monthly stipends to placate tribal leaders after confiscating their territory, making them dependent on state largesse. Thus, Saudi Arabia is no longer a country of tribal alliances. In fact, the only tribe in Saudi Arabia that practices politics today is the Al Sauds, who spent the past century transforming from family to tribe.
Failure of the Reform Movement
Saudis visit Dubai for many reasons, the most important of which is to see how their country should have been. When broad-minded Saudis compare their leaders with those of modern societies, they conclude that they live in a politically medieval world dominated by illiterate or semi-educated rulers. Some highly educated Saudis and liberal clerics do not accept the political reality of the kingdom controlled by a tribe-based patrimonial leadership. They resent the royal family's dominance because it demands people's unquestioning loyalty and obedience.
The Iraqi army's occupation of Kuwait in 1990 and the subsequent arrival of U.S. troops to the kingdom triggered the Saudi reform movement. The government reacted violently, arresting reformers and imprisoning them for many years, eventually suppressing all demands for change. In the early 1990s, a group of religious scholars and intellectuals proposed a series of changes in two documents known as the Letter of Demands and the Memorandum of Advice, but they failed to convince King Fahd to introduce reforms. This invited government retribution, which peaked in the early 21st century with a crackdown on the Islamo-liberal reformist movement. The government was concerned about the appeal of opposition leader Saad al-Faqih, who led the Movement for Islamic Reform in Arabia, and other notable religious intellectuals (namely Salman al-Ouda), fearing they could unite Saudi tribes against the regime.
The failure of the reform movement triggered a tribal resurgence. Since 2005, the tribes have been demanding to play a role in Saudi society and politics. The communications revolution allowed tribe members to voice their views and concerns via Twitter and Facebook and set up online forums to share their social and political thoughts. Saudi tribes have branches across the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Iraq, Jordan and North Africa, and a number of them became indirectly involved in the civil wars in Iraq and Syria and the Saudi-led blockade of Qatar that began in 2017. The Arab uprisings of the past decade didn't spread to Saudi Arabia, but they did trigger the intensification of tribal identity as the authorities prevented the emergence of cross-tribal civil society organizations and rejected the idea of political reform. In fact, since 2015, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has made a concerted effort to centralize all powers in his hands.
Most nomadic Bedouins have become sedentary, having relocated to Saudi cities and towns. In recent years, they have exhibited strong tribal tendencies, due largely to their economic and social deprivation relative to other urbanized groups. Accurate data on the number of disenfranchised Saudis don't exist. Official statistics indicate the country's population totals slightly more than 34 million people, of which 22 million are nationals – though the crown prince told The Atlantic last April that his country had just 14 million citizens. Whatever the case, there is a significant number of marginalized people living in Saudi Arabia. Many young Saudis from well-known tribes, such as Al Maliki, Al Dawasir and Al Shammari, who migrated from the countryside to urban areas, feel disenfranchised because the government does not treat them as citizens. They also accuse the Al Sauds of stealing the country's riches, controlling 60 percent of its land and 30 percent of its lucrative oil revenues.
But Saudi tribes don't publicly support political or economic reform, afraid that it would disrupt the country's fragile balance. They especially resist reform when it challenges their authority over land and followers, fearing they could lose their role and status relative to other tribes. The government hasn't attempted to curtail the resurgence of tribes, despite having concerns about independent tribal organizations and their rising social influence. Tribespeople constitute a large percentage of Saudi troops, and some tribes have tried to establish charitable funds to support their debt-burdened members. But the Council of Senior Scholars has prohibited them from competing with the state as a welfare provider.
Tribes have begun to identify themselves using a three-digit number, which their followers display in shop windows, on the fronts of houses and in car windows. Some young people even invented words to define their affiliations, which increased tribal strife and contributed to the Bedouinization and ruralization of Saudi society. Higher education and migration to cities have failed to weaken tribal bonds. The government has also done little to discourage Saudis from emphasizing their tribal identity, and it even issued ID cards with tribe names printed on them.
The Tribe as a Destructive Force
There's no reason to believe that the tribes will rise against the regime. Saudi tribes have separate social, economic and cultural identities but are apolitical. But they will continue to have a damaging impact on society. Saudi tribalism exhibits racist tendencies, does not value work and treats public property with disregard. It's characterized by a culture of suspicion and mistrust, intolerance toward differing opinions and religious plurality, and the domination of authoritarian male personalities in family relations.
For most Saudis, their most important affiliation is their family blood ties, followed by their tribal areas of origin, rather than their place of residence. They refuse to interact with Saudis with no tribal lineage. The Najdis view the residents of Hejaz as descendants of pilgrims who came to the holy places in Mecca and Medina to perform a religious obligation and chose to stay there. They also distrust the people of the Eastern Province, viewing them as Shiites who rejected the true Islamic faith.
The tribes pose a challenge to Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 project, which aims, among other things, to promote hard work, encourage citizens to serve the country and provide job opportunities for all. But hard work is not valued in the Saudi tribal way of life, where a high standard of living is expected but not earned. The tribes are a liability to the kingdom's national transformation, but to avoid destabilizing the country, the Saudi royals won't confront them.
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Thanks to Carl
King Charles Requires 1 Inch of Toothpaste Be Put on Brush - That's Just 1 on His Insane List of Demands
The New York Post noted that an Amazon Prime documentary "Serving the Royals: Inside the Firm," offered a window into the royal world of privilege.
The Post noted that staff at Clarence House, where he lived with Queen Consort Camilla since 2003 prior to the death of Queen Elizabeth II, refer to him as the "pampered prince."
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This Day in U S Military History…….15 September
1944 – Elements of the US 1st Marine Division (Rupertus), part of 3rd Amphibious Corps (Geiger), land on the southwest coast of Peleliu. The naval force commanded by Admiral Oldendorf remains in support. The Japanese garrison is consists of a regiment of 14th Division under the command of Colonel Nakagawa. There is limited resistance on the beaches. American attempts to advance inland, however, meet strong resistance. By the end of the day, the beachhead is only a few hundred yards wide.
1972 – ARVN forces recapture Quang Tri City after four days of heavy fighting, with the claim that over 8,135 NVA had been killed in the battle. The North Vietnamese forces had launched a massive offensive, called the Nguyen Hue or "Easter Offensive," on March 31, with three main attacks aimed at Quang Tri south of the Demilitarized Zone, Kontum in the Central Highlands, and An Loc just 60 miles north of Saigon. This invasion included 14 divisions and 26 separate regiments, a total force numbering over 120,000 troops, and was designed to knock South Vietnam out of the war and inflict a defeat on the remaining U.S. forces (which numbered less than 70,000 by this date due to President Nixon's Vietnamization policy and the American troop withdrawal schedule). The North Vietnamese attack was characterized by conventional combined arms attacks by tank and infantry forces supported by massive artillery barrages, resulting in some of the heaviest fighting of the war. The South Vietnamese forces and their American advisors supported by U.S. tactical airpower and B-52 bombers were able to hold at An Loc and Kontum despite being vastly outnumbered, but the South Vietnamese forces at Quang Tri faltered under the communist assault and were quickly overwhelmed. It was only after President Thieu fired the I Corps commander and replaced him with Major General Ngo Quang Truong, arguably one of the best officers in the South Vietnamese army, that the ARVN were able to stop the North Vietnamese. Truong took measures to stabilize the situation and the South Vietnamese began to fight back. After a tremendously bloody four-and-a-half-month battle in which 977 South Vietnamese soldiers perished, Truong and his troops retook Quang Tri from the North Vietnamese, winning a major victory. President Nixon used this as proof positive that his Vietnamization policy had worked and that the South Vietnamese were prepared to take over responsibility for the war.
2010 – Operation Dragon Strike, to reclaim the strategic southern province of Kandahar, which was the birthplace of the Taliban movement. The area where the operation took place has been dubbed "The Heart of Darkness" by Coalition troops.The main force leading the operation were units from the 101st Airborne Division. Some of the heaviest of the fighting during the operation had been in the Zhari District, which is on the main highway to Kandahar and a major insurgent supply route into the city, the Arghandab District and the Panjwaye District. By the end of December 2010, the operation's main objectives had been accomplished. The majority of Taliban forces in Kandahar had withdrawn from the province, and much of their leadership was said to have been fractured.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
FOUT, FREDERICK W.
Rank and organization: Second Lieutenant, 15th Battery, Indiana Light Artillery. Place and date: Near Harpers Ferry, W. Va., 15 September 1862. Entered service at: Indianapolis, Ind. Birth: Germany. Date of issue: 2 November 1896. Citation: Voluntarily gathered the men of the battery together, remanned the guns, which had been ordered abandoned by an officer, opened fire, and kept up the same on the enemy until after the surrender.
HALLING, LUOVI
Rank and organization: Boatswain's Mate First Class, U.S. Navy. Born: 7 August 1867, Stockholm, Sweden. Accredited to: New York. G.O. No.: 172, 4 October 1904. Citation: Serving on board the U.S.S. Missouri, for heroism in attempting to rescue from drowning Cecil C. Young, ordinary seaman, 15 September 1904.
PETERS, ALEXANDER
Rank and organization: Boatswain's Mate First Class, U.S. Navy. Born: 16 November 1869, Russia. Accredited to: Pennsylvania. G.O. No.: 172, 4 October 1904. Citation: For heroism in attempting to rescue from drowning Cecil C. Young, ordinary seaman, 15 September 1904, while serving on board the U.S.S. Missouri.
HAYDEN, DAVID E.
Rank and organization: Hospital Apprentice First Class, U.S. Navy, serving with the 2d Battalion, 6th Regiment, U.S. Marines. Place and date: Thiaucourt, France, 15 September 1918. Entered service at: Texas. Born: 2 October 1897 Florence, Tex. Citation: For gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. During the advance, when Cpl. Creed was mortally wounded while crossing an open field swept by machinegun fire, Hayden unhesitatingly ran to his assistance and, finding him so severely wounded as to require immediate attention, disregarded his own personal safety to dress the wound under intense machinegun fire, and then carried the wounded man back to a place of safety.
*PIKE, EMORY J.
Rank and organization: Lieutenant Colonel, U.S. Army, Division Machinegun Officer, 82d Division. Place and date: Near Vandieres, France, 15 September 1918. Entered service at: Des Moines, lowa. Birth: Columbia City, lowa. G.O. No.: 16, W.D., 1919. Citation: Having gone forward to reconnoiter new machinegun positions, Lt. Col. Pike offered his assistance in reorganizing advance infantry units which had become disorganized during a heavy artillery shelling. He succeeded in locating only about 20 men, but with these he advanced and when later joined by several infantry platoons rendered inestimable service in establishing outposts, encouraging all by his cheeriness, in spite of the extreme danger of the situation. When a shell had wounded one of the men in the outpost, Lt. Col. Pike immediately went to his aid and was severely wounded himself when another shell burst in the same place. While waiting to be brought to the rear, Lt. Col. Pike continued in command, still retaining his jovial manner of encouragement, directing the reorganization until the position could be held. The entire operation was carried on under terrific bombardment, and the example of courage and devotion to duty, as set by Lt. Col. Pike, established the highest standard of morale and confidence to all under his charge. The wounds he received were the cause of his death.
*BAUSELL, LEWIS KENNETH
Rank and organization: Corporal, U.S. Marine Corps. Born: 17 April 1924, Pulaski, Va. Accredited to: District of Columbia. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving with the 1st Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division, during action against enemy Japanese forces on Peleliu Island, Palau Group, 15 September 1944. Valiantly placing himself at the head of his squad, Cpl. Bausell led the charge forward against a hostile pillbox which was covering a vital sector of the beach and, as the first to reach the emplacement, immediately started firing his automatic into the aperture while the remainder of his men closed in on the enemy. Swift to act, as a Japanese grenade was hurled into their midst, Cpl. Bausell threw himself on the deadly weapon, taking the full blast of the explosion and sacrificing his own life to save his men. His unwavering loyalty and inspiring courage reflect the highest credit upon Cpl. Bausell and the U.S. Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life for his country.
ROUH, CARLTON ROBERT
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve, 1st Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division. Place and date: Peleliu Island, Palau group, 15 September 1944. Entered service at: New Jersey. Born: 11 May 1919, Lindenwold, N.J. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while attached to the 1st Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division, during action against enemy Japanese forces on Peleliu Island, Palau group, 15 September 1944. Before permitting his men to use an enemy dugout as a position for an 81-mm. mortar observation post, 1st Lt. Rouh made a personal reconnaissance of the pillbox and, upon entering, was severely wounded by Japanese rifle fire from within. Emerging from the dugout, he was immediately assisted by 2 marines to a less exposed area but, while receiving first aid, was further endangered by an enemy grenade which was thrown into their midst. Quick to act in spite of his weakened condition, he lurched to a crouching position and thrust both men aside, placing his own body between them and the grenade and taking the full blast of the explosion himself. His exceptional spirit of loyalty and self-sacrifice in the face of almost certain death reflects the highest credit upon 1st Lt. Rouh and the U.S. Naval Service.
SMITH, JOHN LUCIAN
Rank and organization: Major, U.S. Marine Corps, Marine Fighter Squadron 223, Place and date: In the Solomon Islands area, August-September 1942. Entered service at: Oklahoma. Born: 26 December 1914, Lexington, Okla. Other Navy award: Legion of Merit. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and heroic achievement in aerial combat above and beyond the call of duty as commanding officer of Marine Fighting Squadron 223 during operations against enemy Japanese forces in the Solomon Islands area, August-September 1942. Repeatedly risking his life in aggressive and daring attacks, Maj. Smith led his squadron against a determined force, greatly superior in numbers, personally shooting down 16 Japanese planes between 21 August and 15 September 1942. In spite of the limited combat experience of many of the pilots of this squadron, they achieved the notable record of a total of 83 enemy aircraft destroyed in this period, mainly attributable to the thorough training under Maj. Smith and to his intrepid and inspiring leadership. His bold tactics and indomitable fighting spirit, and the valiant and zealous fortitude of the men of his command not only rendered the enemy's attacks ineffective and costly to Japan, but contributed to the security of our advance base. His loyal and courageous devotion to duty sustains and enhances the finest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service.
*LOPEZ, BALDOMERO
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, U.S. Marine Corps, Company A, 1st Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division (Rein.). Place and date: During Inchon invasion in Korea, 15 September 1950. Entered service at: Tampa, Fla. Born: 23 August 1925, Tampa, Fla. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty as a marine platoon commander of Company A, in action against enemy aggressor forces. With his platoon 1st Lt. Lopez was engaged in the reduction of immediate enemy beach defenses after landing with the assault waves. Exposing himself to hostile fire, he moved forward alongside a bunker and prepared to throw a hand grenade into the next pillbox whose fire was pinning down that sector of the beach. Taken under fire by an enemy automatic weapon and hit in the right shoulder and chest as he lifted his arm to throw, he fell backward and dropped the deadly missile. After a moment, he turned and dragged his body forward in an effort to retrieve the grenade and throw it. In critical condition from pain and loss of blood, and unable to grasp the hand grenade firmly enough to hurl it, he chose to sacrifice himself rather than endanger the lives of his men and, with a sweeping motion of his wounded right arm, cradled the grenade under him and absorbed the full impact of the explosion. His exceptional courage, fortitude, and devotion to duty reflect the highest credit upon 1st Lt. Lopez and the U.S. Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life for his country.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for September 15, 2020 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
15 September
1924: With radio controls rather than a pilot, an N-9 seaplane flew for 40 minutes at the Naval Proving Grounds at Dahlgren, Va. Although the N-9 sank upon landing, the test proved the practicality of radio control.
1925: RS-1, the first great semi-rigid helium airship built in America, was completed at Scott Field. (24)
1938: The Army Air Corps earned the Collier Trophy for developing the XC-35 with a pressurized cabin. (24)
1939: Jacqueline Cochran flew a Seversky Monoplane at 305.9 MPH to set an international record for 1,000 kilometers.
1942: Using Fifth Air Force transports, the 126th Infantry Regiment became the first US infantry unit to reach Seven Mile Airdrome, near Ports Moresby, New Guinea. (21)
1944: OPERATION INTERLUDE. Southwest Pacific Area forces invaded the island of Morotai in the Moluccas Islands, Netherlands East Indies. FEAF units supported the operation with attacks against Japanese bases on nearby islands. The landings on Morotai were unopposed and construction of two airdromes began at once. The island was within fighter range of the southern Philippines. The 310th Bombardment Wing (Medium) disembarked on 18 September, and the ground echelons of several FEAF flying units followed. Wama Drome, the first to be finished, became operational on 4 October. The second, Pitoe Drome, had one runway done on 17 October and was ready for aircraft on 24 November with two 8,000-foot paved runways. (17)
1945: The production contract for the JB-2 rocket ended after 1,391 rockets were delivered to the US AAF. (6)
1948: Maj Richard L. Johnson set a 679-MPH world speed record over a 3-kilometer course in a North American F-86A Sabre at Muroc. (9)
1950: Operation FOX ABLE THREE/MACKAY TROPHY. The 27th Fighter-Escort Wing (FEW) flew 180 F-84E Thunderjets from Bergstrom AFB, Tex., to Furstenfeldbruck, Germany, in this two-phased ferry mission to earn the Mackay Trophy. In Phase I, 90 F-84s left Texas, but due to mechanical problems only 84 landed in Germany on 18 September after flying 5,858 miles in 16 hours 3 minutes of actual flying time (see 15 October for Phase II). (1) KOREAN WAR. The USMC invaded Wolmi-do Island in Inchon Harbor at dawn. Later that afternoon, after a 45-minute naval and air bombardment, the main U.S. X Corps used the high tide to land at Inchon. USN and USMC aircraft from carriers covered the amphibious assault. At the same time, FEAF air raids in South Korea prepared the way for the Eighth Army to advance from the Pusan perimeter. (28)
1951: The DoD opened the Joint Parachute Test Facility with USN and USAF units under the Bureau of Aeronautics at NAS El Centro.
1952: The USAF added weather reconnaissance over areas of joint air-ground operations to TAC's mission. (11)
1954: A MATS four-engine plane averaged 341 MPH to set a transatlantic speed record of 11 hours 48 minutes for propeller-driven aircraft in a flight from Westover AFB to Germany. (24)
1956: The activation of the 701st Missile Wing made it the first missile wing in the USAF and USAFE. It would be equipped with Matador missiles. (4) (26)
1958: Through 15 December, SAC's 42 BMW at Loring AFB, conducted a B-52 airborne alert test, named Head Start I. (1)
1959: In a tethered test, a full-size model Minuteman missile completed its first attempted launch from an underground launching pad at Edwards AFB. (6)
1960: Capt William Habluetzel and Lt John Hargreaves completed a 30-day, 8-hour simulated moon journey in a 12-foot by 8-foot long box at Brooks AFB. (24)
1961: CHECKMATE II. Through 22 September, NATO's largest and most complex training exercise in Southern Europe involved thousands of American, Turkish, and Greek armed forces personnel in a maneuver in Turkish Thrace. (24)
1962: HARMON INTERNATIONAL TROPHY. Maj Fitzhugh Fulton flew a B-58 Hustler to a new altitude record with payload, 11,023 pounds to 85,360 feet, near Edwards AFB. For this flight, Fulton later received the Harmon International Trophy as the World's most outstanding aviator in 1962. (24)
1970: TROPIC MOON. The 13 BS deployed to Ubon RTAFB to use B-57Gs on night interdiction bombing missions. As part of the Tropic Moon III program, Martin modified 16 B-57B Night Intruders withdrawn from Vietnam service. Westinghouse Electric, Martin and AFSC combined to give the -G model a true night bombing capability by designing the bomber to independently detect, track, and bomb ground targets at night. (17)
1972: The 42 BMW at Loring AFB became the first B-52 unit with SRAMs to achieve operational status. (6)
1979: Through 22 September, 8 C-130s from AFRES and ANG units in California and Wyoming flew 254 sorties to drop 732,000 gallons of fire retardant on fires in southern California. This operation was one of the largest fire-fighting operations on record. (21)
1981: At Griffiss AFB, a 416 BMW B-52G crew conducted the first ALCM training flight. (1) The 9 SRW at Beale AFB received Lockheed's first TR-1A reconnaissance plane (No. 80-1066). It was an improved, bigger version of the U-2 that could fly at day and night in all weather above 70,000 feet. (1)
1982: MACKAY TROPHY. From the 19 BMW at Robins AFB, Capt Robert L. Cavendish and his crewmen were on a B-52 training mission from Robins AFB, when their B-52G lost both rudder elevator hydraulic systems. Cavendish considered the runway, weather, and crew experience and decided to land the crippled B-52. For saving the aircraft, Cavendish and his crew earned the Mackay Trophy. (1)
1987: The USAF redefined a base as "any installation that is a self-supporting center of operations." As a result, Arnold Air Force Station (AFS), Tenn., Los Angeles AFS and Onizuka AFB, Calif., became Air Force bases.
1989: McDonnell Douglas delivered the 500th AH-64 Apache helicopter to the Army. (20)
1991: The C-17A Globemaster III first flew in a trip from Long Beach to the AFFTC at Edwards AFB. (16) (26) The T-1 Jayhawk prototype specialized undergraduate pilot trainer flew at Edwards AFB. It resembled the Beechjet 400A corporate transport. (16) (26)
1993: Boeing converted the first B-52H for conventional warfare missions at Wichita. (20)
1995: HURRICANE MARILYN. Through 21 August USAF, Reserve, and ANG aircraft flew 996 tons of relief cargo to the Virgin Islands after the storm blasted the eastern Caribbean area. The C-17 made its first appearance in a disaster relief operation. (16)
1996: Operation PACIFIC HAVEN. USAF airlifters carried thousands of Kurdish refugees from Northern Iraq to Andersen AFB, where they were processed for resettlement in the U.S. (21)
2001: Operation NOBLE EAGLE. In the first five days after the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks, 35 ANG fighter units supplied 603 sorties, while the 18 ANG tanker wings flew 72 sorties to offload 3.2 million pounds of fuel. (32) 16
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World News for 15 September thanks to Military Periscope
USA—1 Injured In Incident At Northeastern University Boston Globe | 09/15/2022 A staff member at Northeastern University in Boston was injured when he opened a package, reports the Boston Globe. The hard plastic case was not sent through the postal service, reported CNN. It did not have any evidence of explosives or an initiation system capable of causing an explosion, investigators said. The employee, who suffered minor injuries to his hand, said the case depressurized with the force of an explosion when he opened it. The package contained a rambling note criticizing Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and relationships between academic institutions and the developers of virtual reality, federal law enforcement officials told CNN. The package was delivered to Holmes Hall, where the university's virtual reality lab is located, a spokeswoman for Northeastern said.
USA—Army Trains To Fight Drone Swarms Task and Purpose | 09/15/2022 The U.S. Army has added drone swarms to its high-level training at the National Training Center (NTC) in California, reports Task and Purpose. On Sept. 11, Brig. Gen. Curtis Taylor, the head of the center at Fort Irwin, posted a video to social media showing 40 quadcopter drones equipped with cameras, the MILES system that simulates kills and casualties during exercises and an unspecified lethal munition launched ahead of a mock attack by the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment (ACR) against the 1st Armored Division. The 11th ACR is the aggressor unit at the NTC, simulating various adversaries during exercises. The training center is monitoring conflicts in Ukraine and Nagorno-Karabakh, where drones have played an important role, to update their tactics, Taylor said. Combat drones will likely be an important element of future conflicts and provide an asymmetric advantage for midtier adversaries, the general said.
USA—Biden Admin Approves Military Aid To Egypt Citing Improvements In Human Rights Middle East Eye | 09/15/2022 The Biden administration has approved a tranche of military aid to Egypt, citing an improved record on human rights, reports the Middle East Eye (London). The Congress made US$300 million of the more than US$1 billion in annual military aid to Cairo contingent on improvements in human rights. Secretary of State Antony Blinken determined that the Egyptian government, by releasing some 500 political prisoners, had made progress on detentions and due process. Accordingly, US$75 million will be released, State Dept. officials told Reuters. Another US$95 million will be made available under a statutory exception related to counterterrorism, border security and nonproliferation funding, the officials said. Some lawmakers called on the Biden administration to withhold all US$300 million in aid, pointing to the 60,000 political prisoners who remain jailed, many in pretrial detention.
Ukraine—Evidence Found Of Russia Using Iranian Loitering Munitions The War Zone | 09/15/2022 Ukrainian officials say their forces have shot down an Iranian combat drone, reports the War Zone. On Tuesday, the Ukrainian Defense Ministry posted photos on social media of the remains of it said was an Iranian Shahed-136 loitering munition shot down near Kupiansk in the northeastern Kharkiv region. The image appears to confirm that Russia has acquired Iranian drones and begun to employ them on the battlefield, analysts said. The air vehicle appears to have been named the Geran-2, meaning Geranium-2, in Russian service, in line with the military's practice of naming artillery systems after flowers. This suggests that the drones are being used as munitions rather than for surveillance or as decoys. The Shahed-136 design emerged around 2014 and has been widely fielded by the Iranian armed forces as well as proxy groups in Iraq, Syria and Yemen.
Russia—As Ukrainian Forces Advance, Navy Pulls Subs From Sevastopol Naval News | 09/15/2022 The Russian navy appears to have withdrawn its latest attack submarines from its base in Sevastopol in Crimea, reports Naval News. The service's four Novorossiysk-class subs were common sights at the base until the last few weeks, when three of the four boats have been seen at the navy's new base in Novorossiysk in the eastern Black Sea. Without a Ukrainian navy to sink, the subs have been used to launch cruise missiles at land targets. The withdrawal from Sevastopol came shortly after a series of Ukrainian attacks on Russian infrastructure in Crimea, including a drone strike on the headquarters of the Black Sea Fleet. The shift, however, will not affect the ability of the boats to continue cruise missile strikes against Ukraine.
Iran—Another Step Taken Toward SCO Membership Tehran Times | 09/15/2022 The Iranian government is closer to full membership in the Chinese-led Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), reports the Tehran Times. On Wednesday, Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian signed a memorandum of obligation with SCO Secretary-General Zhang Ming ahead of the bloc's summit on Thursday in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Iran began the formal membership process in March. A government spokesman said on Wednesday that draft legislation for membership in the SCO had been submitted to the Iranian Parliament for approval. The latest step enables Iran to take part in SCO meetings, although it will likely take some time to reach full membership, SCO officials told Russian media, as reported by the Ariana News (Afghanistan).
Mexico—Lawmakers Extend Military's Public Security Mission For Another 4 Years Reuters | 09/15/2022 The lower house of the Mexican Parliament has approved an extension of the military's public security mission for another four years, reports Reuters. The current military deployment on the streets was scheduled to expire in 2024 but has now been extended to 2028. The Mexican Senate was expected to review the bill within days. The ruling Morena party and its allies in the upper house are expected to pass it. The decision follows an outbreak of cartel violence across the country. Morena party officials said the move would "guarantee the safety of families." Opposition lawmakers said that it was evidence of further militarization of public security. The army has high public approval of around 80 percent in polls but has also been accused of human-rights abuses. The U.N. and other bodies have expressed concern that increasing the power of the Mexican military could lead to further abuses. President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador ran on returning the military to its barracks in the 2018 election but soon changed his mind, saying the army was needed to fight organized crime. Nevertheless, his six-year term, which ends in 2024, is slated to be the most violent in modern Mexican history.
Sweden—PM Resigns After Right-Wing Bloc Wins Narrow Majority British Broadcasting Corp. | 09/15/2022 Swedish Prime Minister Magdalena Andersson has resigned after narrowly losing an election over the weekend, reports the BBC News. Andersson's center-left bloc narrowly lost to a right-wing bloc, 176 seats to 173, in Sunday's vote. Moderate Party leader Ulf Kristersson is expected to form a new government. He leads a right-wing bloc with the Sweden Democrats, Christian Democrats and Liberals. The Sweden Democrats, which got its start as a neo-Nazi movement in the late 1980s, gained 20 percent of the vote on a platform of fighting gang crime and restricting immigration. It remained unclear if Kristersson's government would involve a coalition or formal cooperation with the Sweden Democrats.
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