To All,
Good Friday morning February 10, 2023.
Regards,
Skip
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History February 10
1862 A flotilla under Cmdr. Stephen C. Rowan aboard USS Delaware engages the gunboats and batteries at Elizabeth City, N.C, capturing CSS Ellis and sinking CSS Seabird.
1900 Commodore Seaton Schroder is appointed the first naval governor of Guam.
1943 USS Pickerel (SS 177) sinks Japanese freighter Amari Maru off Sanriku.
1944 USS Pogy (SS 266) attacks a Japanese convoy and sinks destroyer Minekaze and freighter Malta Maru 85 miles north-northeast of Formosa.
1945 U.S. Navy submarine USS Batfish (SS 310) sinks three enemy submarines from Feb. 10-13.
1991 During Operation Desert Storm, A-6 Intruders attack two unidentified patrol boats in the northern Arabian Gulf, destroying both.
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This Day in WorldHistory 10 February
1258 Hulagu, a Mongol leader, seizes Baghdad, bringing an end to the Abbasid caliphate.
1620 Supporters of Marie de Medici, the queen mother, who has been exiled to Blois, are defeated by the king's troops at Ponts de Ce, France.
1763 The Treaty of Paris ends the French-Indian War. France gives up all her territories in the New World except New Orleans and a few scattered islands.
1799 Napoleon Bonaparte leaves Cairo, Egypt, for Syria, at the head of 13,000 men.
1814 Napoleon personally directs lightning strikes against enemy columns advancing toward Paris, beginning with a victory over the Russians at Champaubert.
1840 Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert.
1846 Led by religious leader Brigham Young, the first Mormons begin a long westward exodus from Nauvoo, Il., to Utah.
1863 P.T. Barnum's star midgets, Tom Thumb and Lavinia Warren, are married.
1904 Russia and Japan declare war on each other.
1915 President Wilson blasts the British for using the U.S. flag on merchant ships to deceive the Germans.
1939 Japanese occupy island of Hainan in French Indochina.
1941 Iceland is attacked by German planes.
1941 London severs diplomatic relations with Romania.
1942 The war halts civilian car production at Ford.
1945 B-29s hit the Tokyo area.
1955 Bell Aircraft displays a fixed-wing vertical takeoff plane.
1960 Adolph Coors, the beer brewer, is kidnapped in Golden, Colo.
1966 Protester David Miller is convicted of burning his draft card.
1979 The Metropolitan Museum announces the first major theft in its 110-year history, $150,000 Greek marble head.
1986 The largest Mafia trial in history, with 474 defendants, opens in Palermo, Italy.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
… For The List for Friday, 10 February 2023… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 10 February 1968… The White House: Command post for the Battle at Khe Sanh…
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
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An often repeated story in the List. Thanks to Carl and do read his book *Thunder Below"
That time a submarine in WWII got a confirmed kill on a train
(For more about the extraordinary hero, RADM Fluckey, see this: https://mohmuseum.org/luckyfluckey/ His motto was "we don't have problems, just solutions"!)
That time a US Navy submarine got a confirmed kill on a train during WWII
Submarine: 1. Train: 0.
BY MAX HAUPTMAN | PUBLISHED FEB 9, 2023 5:57 PM EST
In August 1945, eight members of the crew of the USS Barb posed for a photo at Pearl Harbor holding up the submarine's battle flag. The different patches on the flag represented the boat's myriad accomplishments over 12 patrols in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters. Seventeen ships sunk, a Presidential Unit Citation awarded following its 11th patrol, and the Medal of Honor was awarded to the ship's captain, Cmdr. Eugene Fluckey. But, most unusual, the flag also featured a kill marking for a train. Yes, a train.
On the USS Barb's final patrol of the war, the eight men in the photo had destroyed a Japanese locomotive, a most unusual kill for a Navy submarine.
A few weeks earlier, the Gato-class submarine was patrolling the Sea of Okhotsk, off the shore of what is now Sakhalin Island but was then part of Japan's Karafuto Prefecture. Within a month, the war would be over, but the USS Barb had already racked up an impressive combat record. Commissioned in 1942, the USS Barb was initially one of the few U.S. Navy submarines sent to the Atlantic theater. Over the course of five patrols, it recorded just one possible sinking of a German freighter before being sent to the Pacific in the fall of 1943, where the Barb would make its name as one of the most lethal submarines in the fleet
Fluckey, the submarine's commander, had joined the ship for its seventh patrol, and took command of the boat on April 28, 1944, ahead of its eighth mission. As Fluckey wrote in his 1992 account of his wartime service, Thunder Below!, he guaranteed Vice Adm. Charles Lockwood, commander of all submarines in the Pacific, at least five kills before departing; a promise which he fulfilled. In the first four patrols with Fluckey in command, the USS Barb sank more than a dozen Japanese Navy ships, including an aircraft carrier, as well as numerous other small vessels. The Barb conducted shore bombardments and rescued British and Australian prisoners whose ship had been sunk by another American submarine. Fluckey himself was awarded the Medal of Honor for maneuvering through shallow water of a harbor along the Chinese coast and sinking three ships, along with damaging three others, as well as three Navy Crosses. In addition, the crew earned a Presidential Unit Citation for the success of the patrols.
In the Sea of Okhotsk, Fluckey and the crew observed the rail line. After several days, Fluckey and the chief of the boat, a 26-year-old sailor named Paul Golden "Swish" Saunders, devised a plan. Saunders was the most experienced submariner aboard — he had joined the Navy when he was 17 and had served on the USS Barb since it was commissioned, sailing from the coast of North Africa to the North Pacific, for all of the submarine's 12 patrols.
The plan was relatively simple: Eight men would paddle ashore on two inflatable boats and plant an explosive charge along the rail line. Every member of the crew had volunteered, but given the risks of the mission, Fluckey selected them based on his own criteria — he wanted only unmarried men, and preferably those with some scouting experience.
Saunders, along with electrician's mate Bill Hatfield, rigged a 55-pound bomb. It was made from a scuttling charge wired to three batteries and placed inside a pickle can. Hatfield also improvised a detonator that would be triggered by the weight of a train passing over it.
Shortly after midnight on July 23, 1945, the USS Barb surfaced 950 yards off the shore of Sakhalin, and the eight men, among them Saunders and Hatfield, set out. They had about three hours, as Fluckey told them that the submarine would have to submerge before dawn.
"Boys," Fluckey told the men, according to the U.S. Naval Institute, "if you get stuck, head for Siberia 130 miles north. Follow the mountain ranges. Good luck."
Leaving two men to guard the boats, the shore party made its way toward the railroad tracks. Reaching it, three men were posted as sentries, and three others got to work setting up the explosive. At one point, a train passed by, forcing them to take cover. Eventually, the team was able to set up the explosives, and the men began making their way back to the beach and then out to sea. When they were still only halfway to the USS Barb, the sound of an oncoming train could be heard. As they climbed back aboard the sub, a massive explosion could be seen.
"The boilers of the engine blew. Engine wreckage flying, flying, flying up some 200 feet, racing ahead of a mushroom of smoke, now white, now black. Sixteen cars piling up, into and over the wall of wreckage in front, rolling off the track in a writhing, twisting maelstrom of Gordian knots," Fluckey wrote in Thunder Below!
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Thanks to Brett
Geopolitical Futures:
Keeping the future in focus
https://geopoliticalfutures.com
Daily Memo: Searching for a Defining Moment in Ukraine
Thoughts in and around geopolitics.
By: George Friedman
February 10, 2023
The war in Ukraine has not yet had a defining moment – that is, a watershed event giving one side or the other so much momentum that it can't be overcome. World War II had Stalingrad, the Vietnam War had the Tet Offensive, the American Civil War had Gettysburg. It is a moment that can reverse the flow of battle or strengthen the existing flow. It can be psychological, martial, political, economic or anything else, but in any case it is the point at which doubt is squeezed from war. Some wars are so one-sided that there is no doubt from the beginning.
The war in Ukraine began with the certainty that Russia would win. Roughly a year later, Russia is still looking for a defining moment. Its solution: a large pincer movement. The northern pincer would move west and south from Chernihiv toward Zhytomyr. The southern pincer would jump off from Kherson and Melitopol toward the northeast, bypassing Odesa and moving toward Vinnytsia. The pincer would, in theory, close between Vinnytsia and Zhytomyr. The advantage of the pincer is that the two movements constitute a concentrated force that can change its angles of attack if needed. The defenders would be dispersed among multiple avenues of attack and would have to be countered in unexpected places as the pincer closes off supply lines. The inside of such a movement is called the cauldron for a reason.
The danger of this maneuver is that the outer flanks are vulnerable. If done properly, it will compel a redeployment of forces to protect against strikes and thus disperse the focused energy of the attack. If the pincer is effective early on, the defenders inside the cauldron will have to defend themselves on every side.
To make this work, Russia needs a large mobile force to compose the pincers, as well as a force on the perimeter to deflect counterattacks. Russia may or may not have the numbers to execute such a complex operation, and it's clear from past operations that it may not have the command structure. But if it succeeds, it would isolate the bulk of the Ukrainian force as well as much of Ukraine. It would also put Russian forces near Poland and Romania, and though they would be unable to attack, they would pose a serious and immediate political threat.
Obviously, I have no idea if Moscow is thinking about this in such terms, able to execute the plan, or even prepared for what happens if the pincer fails. Still, when we look at the forces that are deployed, they are divided in the main area of combat, which only makes sense if the purpose is to create a deadly pincer.
The counter to this attack is to disperse Ukrainian forces in large, agile formations to hit the relatively thin pincers with enough strength to disrupt their movement while using massive airstrikes against mobile and unpredictable enemies. As in all wars, the quality of command and the morale of the soldiers will be known only later, but it should be known to the commanders, who can remedy the weakness or plan around it. And, importantly, Russia can always abort the attack. Ukraine cannot.
If there is such an attack, it will be determined by the roads. The Russians must be able to use passable roads and cross rivers, which means using bridging equipment. Will this happen? It seems to me it is already happening. The two pincers are in place, and the Russians are dividing their forces. This suggests we are moving to a defining moment. It's just not clear who will be celebrating.
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Thanks to Mike
Repeat! Teachers & Police
Old but good!
These are actual comments made on students' report cards by teachers in the New York City public school system.
All teachers were reprimanded (but. boy, are these funny!)
1. Since my last report, your child has reached rock bottom and has started to dig.
2. I would not allow this student to breed.
3. Your child has delusions of adequacy.
4. Your son is depriving a village somewhere of an idiot.
5. Your son sets low personal standards and then consistently fails to achieve them.
6. The student has a 'full six-pack' but lacks the plastic thing to hold it all together.
7. This child has been working with glue too much..
8. When your daughter's IQ reaches 50, she should sell.
9. The gates are down, the lights are flashing, but the train isn't coming.
10. If this student were any more stupid, he'd have to be watered twice a week.
11. It's impossible to believe the sperm that created this child beat out 1,000,000 others.
12. The wheel is turning but the hamster is definitely
dead.
These are actual comments made by 16 Police Officers.
The comments were taken off actual police car videos around the country:
16 'You know, stop lights don't come any redder than the one you just went through.'
15 'Relax, the handcuffs are tight because they're new. They'll stretch after you wear them a while.'
14 'If you take your hands off the car, I'll make your birth certificate a worthless document.'
13 'If you run, you'll only go to jail tired.'
12 'Can you run faster than 1200 feet per second? Because that's the speed of the bullet that'll be chasing you.'
11 'You don't know how fast you were going? I guess that means I can write anything I want to on the ticket, huh?'
10 'Yes, sir, you can talk to the shift supervisor, but I don't think it will help. Oh, did I mention that I'm the shift supervisor?'
9 'Warning! You want a warning? O.K., I'm warning you not to do that again or I'll give you another ticket. '
8 'The answer to this last question will determine
whether you are drunk or not. Was Mickey Mouse a cat or a dog?'
7 'Fair? You want me to be fair? Listen, fair is a place where you go to ride on rides, eat cotton candy and corn dogs and step in monkey poop.'
6 'Yeah, we have a quota.. Two more tickets and my wife
gets a toaster oven.'
5 'In God we trust, all others we run through NCIC.'
4 'How big were those 'two beers' you say you had?'
3 'No sir, we don't have quotas anymore. We used to, but now we're allowed to write as many tickets as we can.'
2 'I'm glad to hear that the Chief (of Police) is a personal friend of yours. So you know someone who can post your bail.'
AND THE WINNER IS....
1 'You didn't think we give pretty women tickets? You're right, we don't. Sign here.'
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Thanks to Carl
When Do I Need a New ID Card?
By: Kevin Lilley
FEBRUARY 07, 2023
DoD officials have yet to set a specific date for the complete changeover to a new, more secure type of ID card in the coming years, but retirees with "indefinite" cards of the old variety can have them replaced at their convenience.
The transition to the Next Generation Uniformed Services Identification Card began in July 2020, replacing paper-based cards with plastic ones boasting updated security features. It's set for completion in 2026. Those with indefinite ("INDEF") expiration dates on their older cards were asked to wait until 2021 to begin the changeover, and office closures and other COVID-related protocols made a sometimes-challenging process even worse.
Unsure which card you have, or need? Samples and guidance are available at this DoD website.
Military.com first reported on the 2026 deadline in mid-2022. No further details beyond that year have been set, such as whether the deadline would come at the beginning or end of the calendar, according to the Defense Manpower and Data Center's response to MOAA's queries.
Full details on the changeover and the renewal/replacement process are available at MOAA.org/IDcards. DoD provided the following guidance for those considering a renewal:
• ID card holders can visit any ID card site to exchange their older, paper-based card for the new ID.
• This website allows visitors to find nearby locations and make appointments, and find out whether a facility provides walk-in services.
• The site also allows visitors to see how far in advance they'll need to plan. DoD officials warn some locations will have significant backlogs; a Feb. 7 search for appointments at the National Naval Medical Center Bethesda's ID card site found no available appointments until mid-March.
[FROM MILITARY ONESOURCE: How to Get or Renew a Military ID Card: for Spouses, Dependents, Veterans and Retirees]
MOAA will continue to update its ID card guidance as new information becomes available. DoD also offers answers to frequently asked questions on the next-generation cards and more general ID card concerns, as well as suggested points of contact for more details.
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This Day in U S Military History February 10
1763 – The Seven Years' War, a global conflict known in America as the French and Indian War, ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by France, Great Britain, and Spain. In the early 1750s, France's expansion into the Ohio River valley repeatedly brought the country into armed conflict with the British colonies. In 1756, the British formally declared war against France. In the first year of the war, the British suffered a series of defeats at the hands of the French and their broad network of Native American alliances. However, in 1757, British Prime Minister William Pitt (the older) recognized the potential of imperial expansion that would come out of victory against the French and borrowed heavily to fund an expanded war effort. Pitt financed Prussia's struggle against France and her allies in Europe and reimbursed the colonies for the raising of armies in North America. By 1760, the French had been expelled from Canada, and by 1763 all of France's allies in Europe had either made a separate peace with Prussia or had been defeated. In addition, Spanish attempts to aid France in the Americas had failed, and France also suffered defeats against British forces in India. The Seven Years' War ended with the signing of the treaties of Hubertusburg and Paris in February 1763. In the Treaty of Paris, France lost all claims to Canada and gave Louisiana to Spain, while Britain received Spanish Florida, Upper Canada, and various French holdings overseas. The treaty ensured the colonial and maritime supremacy of Britain and strengthened the 13 American colonies by removing their European rivals to the north and the south. Fifteen years later, French bitterness over the loss of most of their colonial empire contributed to their intervention in the American Revolution on the side of the Patriots.
1965 – Viet Cong guerrillas blow up the U.S. barracks at Qui Nhon, 75 miles east of Pleiku on the central coast, with a 100-pound explosive charge under the building. A total of 23 U.S. personnel were killed, as well as two Viet Cong. In response to the attack, President Lyndon B. Johnson ordered a retaliatory air strike operation on North Vietnam called Flaming Dart II. This was the second in a series of retaliations launched because of communist attacks on U.S. installations in South Vietnam. Just 48 hours before, the Viet Cong struck Camp Holloway and the adjacent Pleiku airfield in the Central Highlands. This attack killed eight U.S. servicemen, wounded 109, and destroyed or damaged 20 aircraft. With his advisors advocating a strong response, President Johnson gave the order to launch Operation Flaming Dart, retaliatory air raids on a barracks and staging areas at Dong Hoi, a guerrilla training camp 40 miles north of the 17th parallel in North Vietnam. Johnson hoped that quick and effective retaliation would persuade the North Vietnamese to cease their attacks in South Vietnam. Unfortunately, Operation Flaming Dart did not have the desired effect. The attack on Qui Nhon was only the latest in a series of communist attacks on U.S. installations, and Flaming Dart II had very little effect.
1967 – The 25th Amendment to the Constitution, dealing with succession to the Presidency and establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, as well as responding to Presidential disabilities, is ratified. It supersedes the ambiguous wording of Article II, Section 1, Clause 6 of the Constitution, which does not expressly state whether the Vice President becomes the President, as opposed to an Acting President, if the President dies, resigns, is removed from office or is otherwise unable to discharge the powers of the presidency.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
DAVIS, JOHN
Rank and organization: Quarter Gunner, U.S. Navy. Born: Cedarville, N.J. Accredited to: New Jersey. G.O. No.: 11, 3 April 1863. Citation: Served on board the U.S.S. Valley City during action against rebel fort batteries and ships off Elizabeth City, N.C., on 10 February 1862. When a shell from the shore penetrated the side and passed through the magazine, exploding outside the screen on the berth deck, several powder division protecting bulkheads were torn to pieces and the forward part of the berth deck set on fire. Showing great presence of mind, Davis courageously covered a barrel of powder with his own body and prevented an explosion, while at the same time passing powder to provide the division on the upper deck while under fierce enemy fire.
GLOVER, T. B.
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Troop B, 2d U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Mizpah Creek, Mont., 10 April 1879; at Pumpkin Creek, Mont., 10 February 1880. Entered service at:——. Birth: New York, N.Y. Date of issue: 20 November 1897. Citation: While in charge of small scouting parties, fought, charged, surrounded, and captured war parties of Sioux Indians.
GREELY, ADOLPHUS W.
Rank and organization: Major General, U.S. Army, retired. Place and date: —-. Entered service at: Louisiana. Born: 27 March 1844, Newburyport, Mass. G.O. No.: 3, W.D., 1935. Act of Congress, 21 March 1935. Citation: For his life of splendid public service, begun on 27 March 1844, having enlisted as a private in the U.S. Army on 26 July 1861, and by successive promotions was commissioned as major general 10 February 1906, and retired by operation of law on his 64th birthday.
*DAVIS, GEORGE ANDREW, JR.
Rank and organization: Major, U.S. Air Force, CO, 334th Fighter Squadron, 4th Fighter Group, 5th Air Force. Place and date: Near Sinuiju-Yalu River area, Korea, 10 February 1952. Entered service at: Lubbock, Tex. Born: 1 December 1920, Dublin, Tex. Citation: Maj. Davis distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. While leading a flight of 4 F-86 Saberjets on a combat aerial patrol mission near the Manchurian border, Maj. Davis' element leader ran out of oxygen and was forced to retire from the flight with his wingman accompanying him. Maj. Davis and the remaining F-86's continued the mission and sighted a formation of approximately 12 enemy MIG-15 aircraft speeding southward toward an area where friendly fighter-bombers were conducting low level operations against the Communist lines of communications. With selfless disregard for the numerical superiority of the enemy, Maj. Davis positioned his 2 aircraft, then dove at the MIG formation. While speeding through the formation from the rear he singled out a MIG-15 and destroyed it with a concentrated burst of fire. Although he was now under continuous fire from the enemy fighters to his rear, Maj. Davis sustained his attack. He fired at another MIG-15 which, bursting into smoke and flames, went into a vertical dive. Rather than maintain his superior speed and evade the enemy fire being concentrated on him, he elected to reduce his speed and sought out still a third MIG-15. During this latest attack his aircraft sustained a direct hit, went out of control, then crashed into a mountain 30 miles south of the Yalu River. Maj. Davis' bold attack completely disrupted the enemy formation, permitting the friendly fighter-bombers to successfully complete their interdiction mission. Maj. Davis, by his indomitable fighting spirit, heroic aggressiveness, and superb courage in engaging the enemy against formidable odds exemplified valor at its highest.
BACA, JOHN P.
Rank and organization: Specialist Fourth Class, U.S. Army, Company D, 1st Battalion, 12th Cavalry, 1st Cavalry Division. Place and date: Phuoc Long Province, Republic of Vietnam, 10 February 1970. Entered service at: Fort Ord, Calif. Born: 10 January 1949, Providence, R.I.. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Sp4c. Baca, Company D, distinguished himself while serving on a recoilless rifle team during a night ambush mission A platoon from his company was sent to investigate the detonation of an automatic ambush device forward of his unit's main position and soon came under intense enemy fire from concealed positions along the trail. Hearing the heavy firing from the platoon position and realizing that his recoilless rifle team could assist the members of the besieged patrol, Sp4c. Baca led his team through the hail of enemy fire to a firing position within the patrol's defensive perimeter. As they prepared to engage the enemy, a fragmentation grenade was thrown into the midst of the patrol. Fully aware of the danger to his comrades, Sp4c. Baca unhesitatingly, and with complete disregard for his own safety, covered the grenade with his steel helmet and fell on it as the grenade exploded, thereby absorbing the lethal fragments and concussion with his body. His gallant action and total disregard for his personal well-being directly saved 8 men from certain serious injury or death. The extraordinary courage and selflessness displayed by Spc4. Baca, at the risk of his life, are in the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the U.S. Army.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for February 10, 2021 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
10 February
1908: Capt Charles S. Wallace signed the first Army airplane contract with the Wright Brothers for the Signal Corps. Augustus M. Herring and James F. Scott also received contracts, but both failed to produce planes. (12)
1910: The Smithsonian Institute's Board of Regents awarded the first Langley Medal to the Wright Brothers at Washington DC "for advancing the science of aerodynamics." (24)
1929: Through 11 February, Evelyn Trout set a solo duration record of 17 hours 5minutes 37 seconds for women while flying a Golden Eagle monoplane. (24)
1933: The Army established four provisional air transport squadrons, one at each air depot, to haul equipment and materiel between airfields and the depots as well as transport troops on maneuvers. Major Hugh J. Knerr developed this concept. On 19 November 1932, General Benjamin D. Foulois, Chief of the Army Air Corps, approved this concept by authorizing the formation of a provisional transport group and four provisional squadrons. (18)
1939: The North American NA-40 first flew. This was the prototype for the B-25 Mitchell bomber. (5)
1947: Maj E. M. Cassell (U. S. Army Air Forces) set an unofficial helicopter altitude record of 19,167 feet in a Sikorsky R-5A at Dayton. (24)
1951: KOREAN WAR. UN forces captured the port of Inchon and the heavily-cratered Kimpo airfield. The field required extensive renovation before USAF aircraft could use it again. (28)
1952: KOREAN WAR/MEDAL OF HONOR. While leading a flight of 3 F-86 Sabre jets, Maj George A. Davis, Jr., engaged 12 enemy MiG-15s. After shooting down two enemy fighters and completely disrupting the enemy formation, a MiG-15 shot him down and killed him. For engaging superior forces and shooting down enemy aircraft, he received the Medal of Honor. Davis also became the first USAF ace in two wars, World War II and Korea. (21) (26) (28)
1954: Dr. John von Neumann's Strategic Missiles Evaluation Committee reported that a major technological breakthrough on nuclear warhead size could be achieved in a few years. He believed that other technological problems with intercontinental ballistic missiles could be resolved in the same period. With this, Neumann recommended the establishment of a special USAF development-management group to accelerate the intercontinental ballistic missile program. (6)
1958: Through 16 February, A1C Donald G. Ferrell lived in a space cabin simulator at Randolph AFB, Tex. (5)
1976: After less than a year of full operations, the U.S. Army's Stanley R. Mickelsen Safeguard Complex anti-ballistic missile program was deactivated. Despite this, the USAF took over operations of the system's AN/FPQ-16 Perimeter Acquisition Radar Attack Characterization System (PARCS) at what was renamed Cavalier Space Force Station, North Dakota, on 30 July 2021. The AN/FPQ-16 remains the USSF's second most powerful radar, performing missile warning and space domain awareness missions.
1961: A Rocketdyne F-1 liquid-propellant prototype thrust chamber underwent initial testing at 1,550,000 pounds of thrust for a few seconds. (24)
1981: Three 57th Fighter Weapons Wing UH-1 helicopters from Indian Springs Auxiliary Field, Nev., rescued nine guests trapped by a fire from the roof of the 30-story Las Vegas Hilton. (16) (26)
1983: The US and Canada signed a treaty on the testing of cruise missiles in northern Canada. (5)
1988: General Dynamics delivered its 2,000th F-16 Fighting Falcon to the Singapore government. (16)
1992: Operation PROVIDE HOPE I. Through 26 February, the USAF dispatched 19 C-5 Galaxies and 46 C-141 Starlifters to move 2,270 tons of relief supplies to 24 cities in the Commonwealth of Independent States (former Soviet republics). (See 29 February for Phase II) (16) (18)
1993: 1st Lieutenant Jeannie Flynn graduates from F-15E RTU and becomes the Air Force's first woman fighter pilot. Most recently, Jeannie Marie Leavitt (née Flynn) is a USAF major general. She was also the first woman to command a USAF combat fighter wing. In April 2021, she was appointed as Chief of Safety, United States Air Force, and assumed office on August 13, 2021.
1994: Lt Jeannie Flynn completed training in an F-15 Eagle. She was the first woman selected for combat pilot training. (16) (26)
2001: The Lockheed Martin X-35C flew a precedent-setting transcontinental flight from Edwards AFB, Calif., past Lockheed's facility in Fort Worth, Tex., to Patuxent River Naval Air Station, Md., where it continued its test program. (3)
2003: The Air Force Flight Test Center at Edwards AFB, Calif., accelerated the developmental testing of the F-16 LITENING II Targeting Pod, condensing six weeks of activities into 3.5 days. This achievement provided an improved capability to deliver laser-guided bombs to warfighters. (3)
2005: General John W. Handy, Air Mobility Command commander, grounded 30 C-130Es and placed another 60 C-130Es, Hs, H1s, and HC-130P/Ns on restricted flight status after inspections of C-130 wing boxes revealed cracks greater in number and severity than expected. (22)
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