To All,
Good Tuesday morning March 21 2023.
The rain is pretty steady for the last few hours. I think I can watch the size of the weeds growing and the TV just said look out for high winds. What a deal.
I hope you all have a great day where ever you are.
Regards,
Skip
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History
March 21
1804
The brig USS Syren (Siren), commanded by Lt. Charles Stewart, captures the Tripolitan brig Transfer off the coast of Tripoli, renaming it Scourge after being taken into US Navy service.
1903
The Honduras Expedition, made up with USS Marietta, USS Olympia, USS Panther, USS Raleigh, and USS San Francisco, embark and operate in Honduran waters during a period of civil strife.
1917
Loretta Walsh becomes the first woman Navy petty officer when sworn in as chief yeoman.
1943
USS Herring (SS 233) sinks the German submarine U 163 off the Bay of Biscay. The sub was responsible for sinking USS Erie (PG 50) on Nov. 14, 1942.
1945
USS Baya (SS 318) sinks the auxiliary netlayer Kainan Maru off Cam Ranh Bay.
1952
During the Korean War, USS Osprey (AMS 28) comes under fire by enemy shore batteries while sweeping the shoreline at Wonsan. Osprey silences the three batteries in a counter-battery engagement.
1957
An A3D-1 Skywarrior aircraft piloted by Cmdr. Dale W. Cox, Jr., breaks two transcontinental records, one for the Los Angeles to New York flight in nine hours and 21 minutes, 35.4 seconds and the other for the return back east to west flight in five hours and 13 minutes, 49 seconds.
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This date in World history
March 21
630 Heraclius restores the True Cross, which he has recaptured from the Persians.
1556 Thomas Cranmer, the Archbishop of Canterbury, is burned at the stake at Oxford after retracting the last of seven recantations that same day.
1617 Pocahontas (Rebecca Rolfe) dies of either small pox or pneumonia while in England with her husband, John Rolfe.
1788 Almost the entire city of New Orleans, Louisiana, is destroyed by fire.
1806 Lewis and Clark begin their trip home after an 8,000 mile trek of the Mississippi basin and the Pacific Coast.
1865 The Battle of Bentonville, N.C. ends, marking the last Confederate attempt to stop Union General William Sherman.
1851 Emperor Tu Duc orders that Christian priests are to put to death.
1858 British forces in India lift the siege of Lucknow, ending the Indian Mutiny.
1906 Ohio passes a law that prohibits hazing by fraternities.
1908 Frenchman Henri Farman carries a passenger in a bi-plane for the first time.
1910 The U.S. Senate grants ex-President Teddy Roosevelt an annual pension of $10,000.
1918 The Germans launch the 'Michael' offensive, better remembered as the First Battle of the Somme.
1928 President Calvin Coolidge presents the Congressional Medal of Honor to Charles Lindbergh, a captain in the US Army Air Corps Reserve, for making the first solo trans-Atlantic flight. On June 11, 1927, Lindbergh had received the first Distinguished Flying Cross ever awarded.
1939 Singer Kate Smith records "God Bless America" for Victor Records.
1941 The last Italian post in East Libya, North Africa, falls to the British.
1951 Secretary of Defense George C. Marshall reports that the U.S. military has doubled to 2.9 million since the start of the Korean War.
1963 Alcatraz Island, the federal penitentiary in San Francisco Bay, California, closes.
1965 The United States launches Ranger 9, last in a series of unmanned lunar explorations.
1971 Two U.S. platoons in Vietnam refuse their orders to advance.
1975 As North Vietnamese forces advance, Hue and other northern towns in South Vietnam are evacuated.
1980 President Jimmy Carter announces to the U.S. Olympic Team that they will not participate in the 1980 Summer Games in Moscow as a boycott against Soviet intervention in Afghanistan.
1984 A Soviet submarine crashes into the USS Kitty Hawk off the coast of Japan.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Skip… For The List for Tuesday, 21 March 2023… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 21 March 1968… March Madness 1968: where?… Cabinet Room, White House…
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
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Thanks to Interesting Facts
"That we are not much sicker and much madder than we are is due exclusively to that most blessed and blessing of all natural graces, sleep," the British writer Aldous Huxley once observed.
Huxley, who died in 1963, had no idea what temptations would get in the way of our sleep in the digital age. About 35% of American adults get less than seven hours of sleep a night, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), which isn't enough. Often we either can't get to sleep, or we think of sleep as wasted time. What actually goes on while we're lying there? Why are we designed to do nothing for a third of our lifetimes?
The answer is that our bodies are doing necessary work to keep us going when we're awake. But scientists still have plenty to learn about how.
1 of 5
What Is REM Sleep, Really?
In 1951, a graduate student at the University of Chicago, Eugene Aserinsky, hooked up his 8-year-old son, Armond, to a device that tracked eye movements and brain waves. After Armond fell asleep, Aserinsky noticed from another room that the eye-tracking "pens" were swinging back and forth. Thinking Armond must be awake and looking around, Aserinsky went to investigate and found the boy sleeping deeply, his eyes closed. Aserinsky's paper, published in 1953, was the first time REM sleep had been described; before that, scientists had believed that the sleeping brain was more or less turned off.
We now know that not just humans but all land mammals and many birds undergo spells of REM, or Rapid Eye Movement, sleep. In those spells, the heart rate speeds up, breathing becomes irregular, and brain waves are more variable. Major muscles that we normally control can't move.
REM sleep first occurs about an hour to 90 minutes after falling asleep. As we age, we get less REM sleep, and its function is still not entirely clear. It's thought to be key to memory formation, but people who take antidepressants spend far less time in REM sleep, and that doesn't seem to consistently affect their memory. Also, it's a myth that we only dream during REM sleep. Our most vivid dreams occur during REM sleep, but dreaming can occur at any stage of sleep.
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What Is Sleep Paralysis?
Sleep paralysis is an inability to move that happens sometimes for a short period as you're falling asleep or waking up. The mind is awake, but the body lags behind for a minute or two.
Although the feeling is bizarre and can be scary, sleep paralysis isn't rare or dangerous. It occurs most often in young people, beginning in the teens, and in people with other sleep issues, including narcolepsy, sleep apnea, and nighttime leg cramps. It is also more common in people with post-traumatic stress or panic disorder. In those moments of paralysis, some people feel that they are falling, floating, or having an "out-of-body experience." Others hallucinate a presence in the room, hovering nearby, and may conclude they have been abducted by aliens or visited by ghosts. According to one theory, people who feel outside of their own bodies or sense ghostly presences might be experiencing a glitch in their mirror neurons, the part of the brain that fires when we observe activity in other people.
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It's a Myth That Many Adults Only Need Five Hours of Sleep or Less
We've all heard people boasting that they're perfectly functional on five hours of sleep or less. Adults do vary in their sleep needs, but the number who are at their best with such little sleep is vanishingly small. Long-term sleep deprivation is linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and traffic accidents.
So why do people say they're fine on a sleep-deprived schedule? A rush of cortisol, the hormone that revs us up to manage stress, can create the sensation of alertness. It's an illusion; the sleep-deprived still do poorly on objective tests of their short-term memory and motor skills.
For optimal functioning, seniors usually need seven to eight hours, and other adults need seven to nine. Teens need eight to 10 hours and younger children need even more. People who are getting enough sleep take at least 15 minutes to fall asleep when they get into bed.
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But an All-Nighter Might Be Good for Your Mental Health
Although losing an entire night's sleep zombifies most of us, there are exceptions: Some people feel much happier or calmer after an all-nighter.
That's probably because the jolt is a reset for their body clocks, which were out of whack, an idea first described in an 1818 German psychiatric textbook.
Depression or bipolar disorder almost always involves a disruption in sleep, which may be a symptom or a trigger. According to British psychiatrist David Veale, staying up for 36 hours relieves mood symptoms in about half of these patients. To maintain this state, he prescribes a sleep schedule that requires waking up in the wee hours for the next several days. After that, they may be able to stay in a more standard sleep schedule, supported by light therapy. Our body clocks are set by light: Veale prescribes exposure to intense white light in the morning for six months to a year.
5 of 5
Medieval Peasants Slept Better Than We Do
Artificial light has made sleep far less pleasant. We get too little sunlight and too much light when we need darkness.
In medieval Europe, there were no glowing smartphones or bedside lamps. At sundown, families blew out a candle and retreated to soft heaps of rags in one room. After about four hours of sleep, at midnight, adults awoke for a blissful hour or two of prayer, sex, reading, writing, or chatting, before they dozed off and awoke at dawn.
That's apparently the natural rhythm. In an experiment in the 1990s, in which participants lived away from artificial light, after three weeks they gradually drifted into the pre-artificial light pattern of waking in the middle of the night. Tests of their blood in the interlude showed that even without sex, they were awash in prolactin, a hormone released after orgasm that gives us the "afterglow."
Eight hours seems to be the key, but ideally, we'd all have a sweet interlude. Just don't turn on your lights or use your laptop or phone.
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Thanks to Tom
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6wel3guZec&ab_channel=SamuelJKeith
High School Football Player Sam Keith sings Anthem at Game - 10-30-14
15 year old Sophomore Football Player, Singer, Actor, Sam Keith gets pulled from Nashoba Regional High School's Pre-Game Warm-up's to sing the national anthe...
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Thanks to Mugs….You really do need to watch this one
Afghan withdrawal testimony - - from the heart!
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Thanks to Carl
(Have you heard about this? Not good news for EV fans!)
EV batteries lack repairability leading some insurers to junk whole cars after even minor collisions
Scratched EV battery? Your insurer may have to junk the whole car
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Thanks to Brett
Geopolitical Futures:
Keeping the future in focus
Daily Memo: Putin and Xi Meet in Moscow, Serbia and Kosovo Take Steps Toward Normalization
The Serbian and Kosovar leaders reached a "gentlemen's agreement" over the weekend.
By: GPF Staff
Moscow summit. Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived on Monday in Moscow for talks with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Ahead of the visit, the Chinese Communist Party's newspaper, the People's Daily, published an article by Putin on relations between the two countries. It noted that trade between Russia and China totaled $185 billion at the end of last year and is set to reach a new record high this year. Putin also said Moscow welcomes Beijing's role in resolving the Ukraine crisis. For his part, Xi said he was also looking forward to the meeting.
Progress. Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic and Kosovo Prime Minister Albin Kurti agreed in principle on an EU-backed plan to normalize ties following talks over the weekend. They didn't actually sign the deal, but as an incentive, the EU has promised to organize an investment conference for both countries within 150 days if they agree on the implementation plan. The bloc has repeatedly said Serbia's bid for EU membership will be conditioned on its implementation of a normalization agreement with Kosovo.
Russian outreach. Delegations from more than 40 African countries are taking part in a conference in Moscow meant to build ties between Russia and Africa. For months now, Moscow has been seeking to strengthen relations with the continent as it continues to grapple with tough Western sanctions. To that end, Russia's Lukoil is considering developing the Etinde gas field off the coast of Cameroon. And on Sunday, Russia's industry and trade minister held talks with the president of Egypt on creating a free trade zone between the Eurasian Economic Union and Egypt and the construction of a nuclear power plant in Ed-Dabaa. Moscow has also overtaken Beijing as the top firearms supplier to sub-Saharan Africa over the past five years.
Vision for the Indo-Pacific. Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida announced a plan to promote Japan's vision of a "free and open Indo-Pacific'" while on an official visit to India. The plan includes $75 billion in funding through 2030 for pursuing cooperation in a range of fields including climate change, food security, health, cybersecurity and sustainability, as well as increasing connectivity with countries of the region. In New Delhi, Kishida invited his Indian counterpart, Narendra Modi, to the G-7 summit, to be held in Hiroshima in May. India, meanwhile, will host the G-20 meeting in September.
Calming tensions. Officials from Israel, the Palestinian Authority, Jordan and the U.S. held talks in Egypt on Sunday aimed at calming tensions between Israelis and Palestinians ahead of Ramadan. All of the major Palestinian political parties except for Fatah opposed the talks. On the same day, Hamas, which also opposed the summit, sent a delegation to meet with the secretary-general of Lebanon's Hezbollah, Hassan Nasrallah, to discuss the latest developments in the Palestinian territories. Nasrallah also reportedly met with the leadership of the Iran-backed Palestinian Islamic Jihad group. On Monday, Islamic Jihad's military wing, the al-Quds Brigades, announced the assassination of one of its leaders in Syria, saying Israeli agents were behind the attack
Nigeria holds gubernatorial elections. Nigerian voters will select governors in 28 of the country's 36 states on March 18 after a week's delay called by the National Electoral Commission due to logistics challenges with electronic voting machines. Nigerian governors wield immense political power through political appointments and resource distribution. Elections are likely to be highly contentious in the formerly ruling party strongholds of the Federal Capital Territory and Lagos, both of which the opposition Labour Party won during the February 2023 presidential election.
Kishida visits India. Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida will visit India from March 20-21 to participate in an annual bilateral summit between the two countries. Kishida will reportedly unveil Japan's new strategy for a free and open Indo-Pacific. Japan and India have a strong bilateral relationship, which has seen a recent convergence in interests stemming from the common threat of Chinese expansionism in their backyards. This visit comes during a critical year for India's G-20 presidency amid the Russian war in Ukraine, where differences between Russia, China and the West have complicated attempts to build a consensus. Japan may find a willing partner in India for military cooperation in the Indian Ocean, but New Delhi will remain lukewarm to Japanese and U.S. efforts to get India to join a broader containment effort against China in the Indo-Pacific. India will, however, be receptive to Japanese efforts to bolster trade cooperation.
Xi Visits Russia. Chinese President Xi Jinping will arrive March 20 in Moscow for a three-day trip to Russia to meet with President Vladimir Putin and other high-ranking Russian officials. Putin and Xi will discuss the war in Ukraine, increasing military-technical cooperation between their countries and cooperation in the energy sphere, and will sign statements on deepening relations and a plan for deeper economic cooperation. This visit will come just days after Xi was reelected to an unprecedented third presidential term, signaling the importance of ties with Putin and Russia to the Chinese leader. Moscow will emphasize its already close and now-deepening relations with Beijing in a bid to deter Western pressure on Moscow and support for Ukraine. Beijing will use the trip to build support internationally and further fracture Western unity on the question of support for Ukraine. Beijing will also work to reassure Moscow that they are in alignment ahead of a call between Xi and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky following his Russia trip.
A Northern Ireland deal comes to a vote. The House of Commons on March 22 will debate and vote on the so-called Stormont brake to the Windsor Framework between the United Kingdom and the European Union to end outstanding issues concerning post-Brexit trading arrangements for Northern Ireland, the leader of the House of Commons, Penny Mordaunt, said March 16. The brake is the portion of the deal giving Northern Ireland's lawmakers veto powers over changes to EU rules. Neither Northern Ireland's Democratic Unionist Party nor the influential pro-Brexit European Research Group within the Conservative Party has yet expressed its formal stance on the matter. Though whether the DUP and the hard-line pro-Brexit lawmakers within the ruling Conservative Party will back Prime Minister Rishi Sunak's deal with Brussels remains unclear, it is expected to pass regardless, as the opposition Labour Party has pledged its support. Even so, Sunak will work to prevent a rebellion on the deal that could undermine his premiership.
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Thanks to Carl
(A good informative article if you are interested in the subject!)
Here's the Difference Between Diesel and Gasoline
A detailed breakdown to help you know if it's time to make the switch.
BYROBERT BACON| PUBLISHED MAR 15, 2023
https://www.thedrive.com/guides-and-gear/gas-vs-diesel
What To Choose
If you've read this entire article, you'll see there's no clear winner between gasoline and diesel, as each has its unique pros and cons.
Gasoline engines are likely the best option financially for people who drive less than 10,000 miles per year. These engines will also be the ones to choose for those who enjoy a rev-happy engine that's peak horsepower lies high in the rev range.
If you rack up a lot of miles each year, especially on the highway, you could save money by choosing a vehicle with a diesel engine. Anyone who regularly hauls heavy cargo will find that the extra low-down grunt provided by diesel engines makes day-to-day driving easier.
Video
To get a more visual idea of how the mechanical operation of gasoline and diesel engines differ, check out Car Throttle's video below.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlK7JIAz9WY
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Thanks to Carl
https://www.ericpetersautos.com/2023/03/20/driving/
"Driving"…
By
eric
H.G. Wells wrote his novel, War of the Worlds, in 1898 – when a "driver" was someone who drove horses, as in commercially.
In italics for a reason.
Or rather, a definition.
Today, we use the term, "driver" to refer to someone who operates a motor vehicle, privately. Is the distinction important?
Maybe
Is it possible the people who assert that the law does not oblige people who simply operate a private motor vehicle for personal use to get (and present) a license – because they are not drivers,as in the commercial sense, might be right? They are arguably right as a matter of common law and general tradition in that until relatively recently, human beings have always been understood to have a right to travel. Put another way, until relatively recently – around the dawn of the 20th century – no one had to obtain a license – that is to say, government permission – to travel by horse or carriage or any other privately owned conveyance.
People just went where they wanted, when they wanted – using the public right-of-way. These being the roads, which everyone had a right to use
Somehow, what had been a right transitioned into a conditional privilege, one granted by the same government that had the power to revoke it. Sovereign Citizens deny the government's right – its authority, rather – to turn a right into a conditional privilege and on this they are on solid ground, as a moral (if not legal) matter. The government can do as it likes, of course – because government has power, which it uses to assert the extent of its authority, which it defines for itself.
Some labor under the misapprehension that government is merely an instrument of "the people" and "represents" them, acting only insofar as "the people" have authorized. This is nonsense, of course – but it requires not allowing terms such as "the people" or "represents" to pass unchallenged Or rather, undefined.
"The people" is taken by some (foolish) people to mean, in effect, everyone. As in all of us. But it is in fact only some of us; i.e., "the people" who hold government offices and exercise government authority over everyone, at the behest and with the approval of some of "the people."
This is "democracy" dissected."
But what of the people who do not hold government office – nor wish to – and disapprove of what those who do inflict upon them as well as others? There are many such people as there is not a single example, probably, of an exercise of government authority that everyone agrees with. Certainly not with respect to the laws that are just legalisms – i.e., laws pertaining to actions (or non-actions) that involve no injury done to anyone, such as the having or not having a "license" to "drive" your vehicle on the public right-of-way.
The assertion is that such laws – such legalisms – are binding on everyone because "the people" have so decided, via their "representatives." A cretinous article to this effect appeared recently in Jalopnik – a "car" site that is to cars (and operating them) what Dr. Fauci is to health
The article's author writes – as regards this business of being obliged to seek government permission to use the public right-of-way:
"You may have heard the term sovereign citizens popping up occasionally in the news and wondered, what's that all about? Well, it's a conspiracy theory, a way of life, a right-wing grift and a pain in the ass for everyone trying to have a society around them—all at once."
Apparently, rights are a "pain in the ass" for some people. The people who say you are "represented" – and so agreed.
But this is specious as well. A representative is someone who represents you – specifically. Not anyone else. If he represents anyone else then he is not yourrepresentative
But you were given a chance to vote for – or against – this person who wields government authority as one of its elected "representatives" of "the people." More nonsense. Or at least, more pettifoggery. The fact remains that if your alleged "representative" acts in any way contrary to the ways you told him to act then he does not represent you. Especially if you didn't even vote, because you have no interest in being "represented" by anyone who isn't bound to act only insofar as you have given him authorization to – and no more.
None of us would accept being "represented" by a lawyer on any other basis. And we'd never tolerate being told by some lawyer that he "represents" us – because some other people "voted" for him. And yet, this is operationally exactly what the people styled our "representatives" do – and claim to be morally (as well as legally) legitimate
It is how these people turned what had been the right to travel into a conditional privilege, via among other things laws requiring people to obtain a "license" – that is, permission – from the government to exercise it. The mechanism by which this was achieved may have been some etymological legerdemain – i.e., the conflation of the right-to-travel with "driving," a commercial activity over which government had already asserted its authority, as via the regulatory power over commercial activity government acquired for itself when the Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation, which were simply tossed in the trash by "representatives" who had not been authorized by any of "the people" – excepting themselves – to do so.
The Constitution contained language about "regulation" – and that (along with similar terms such as "necessary and proper," the "general welfare") gave government all it needed to turn what had been a right into a privilege.
We're all "drivers" now.
Just was we're all "customers," too.
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Thanks to Bud and Dutch
"In one way we think a great deal too much of the atomic bomb.
Since nuclear threats are rising again, I love the perspective offered here by C.S. Lewis in 1948 almost 75 years ago, but as relevant as ever.
"In one way we think a great deal too much of the atomic bomb. 'How are we to live in an atomic age?' I am tempted to reply: 'Why, as you would have lived in the sixteenth century when the plague visited London almost every year, or as you would have lived in a Viking age when raiders from Scandinavia might land and cut your throat any night; or indeed, as you are already living in an age of cancer, an age of syphilis, an age of paralysis, an age of air raids, an age of railway accidents, an age of motor accidents.'
In other words, do not let us begin by exaggerating the novelty of our situation. Believe me, dear sir or madam, you and all whom you love were already sentenced to death before the atomic bomb was invented: and quite a high percentage of us were going to die in unpleasant ways. We had, indeed, one very great advantage over our ancestors—anesthetics; but we have that still. It is perfectly ridiculous to go about whimpering and drawing long faces because the scientists have added one more chance of painful and premature death to a world which already bristled with such chances and in which death itself was not a chance at all, but a certainty.
This is the first point to be made: and the first action to be taken is to pull ourselves together. If we are all going to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, let that bomb when it comes find us doing sensible and human things—praying, working, teaching, reading, listening to music, bathing the children, playing tennis, chatting to our friends over a pint and a game of darts—not huddled together like frightened sheep and thinking about bombs. They may break our bodies (a microbe can do that) but they need not dominate our minds."
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This Day in U S Military History
March 21
1851 – Yosemite Valley was discovered (by non-natives) in California. The 58 men of the Mariposa Battalion under Major James D. Savage were the first whites to enter Yosemite Valley. Their first view of the valley was from the plateau later named Mount Beatitude. They expelled Chief Tenaya and his band of Ahwahneechee Indians. Dr. Bunnell, a physician in the battalion, named the valley Yosemite to honor the local Indians. He did not realize that the word "yohemeti" meant "some of them are killers" and was an insult against the valley people.
1945 – US Task Force 58 (Admiral Mitscher) is replenishing in preparation for operations around Okinawa. The Japanese 5th Air Force deploys the first Ohka piloted rocket bombs, slung under Misubishi bombers, against the American fleet. The flight of 18 aircraft is intercepted by carrier aircraft and all but one are shot down. Admiral Spruance, command the US 5th Fleet, is present for the operations.
1953 – U.S. Air Force Captains Manuel J. Fernandez, Jr., 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, and Harold Fischer, 51st Fighter-Interceptor Wing, qualified as the fourth and fifth "double aces" of the war. An ace has shot down five enemy aircraft; a double ace, 10.
1980 – President Jimmy Carter informs a group of U.S. athletes that, in response to the December 1979 Soviet incursion into Afghanistan, the United States will boycott the 1980 Olympics in Moscow. It marked the first and only time that the United States has boycotted the Olympics. After the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan in December 1979 to prop up an unstable pro-Soviet government, the United States reacted quickly and sharply. It suspended arms negotiations with the Soviets, condemned the Russian action in the United Nations, and threatened to boycott the Olympics to be held in Moscow in 1980. When the Soviets refused to withdraw their troops from Afghanistan, President Carter finalized his decision to boycott the games. On March 21, 1980, he met with approximately 150 U.S. athletes and coaches to explain his decision. He told the crowd, "I understand how you feel," and recognized their intense disappointment. However, Carter defended his action, stating, "What we are doing is preserving the principles and the quality of the Olympics, not destroying it." Many of the athletes were devastated by the news. As one stated, "As citizens, it is an easy decision to make-support the president. As athletes, it is a difficult decision." Others declared that the president was politicizing the Olympics. Most of the athletes only reluctantly supported Carter's decision. The U.S. decision to boycott the 1980 Olympic games had no impact on Soviet policy in Afghanistan (Russian troops did not withdraw until nearly a decade later), but it did tarnish the prestige of the games in Moscow. It was not the first time that Cold War diplomacy insinuated itself into international sports. The Soviet Union had refused to play Chile in World Cup soccer in 1973 because of the overthrow and death of Chile's leftist president earlier that year. Even the playing field was not immune from Cold War tensions
1984 – A Soviet submarine crashed into the USS Kitty Hawk off the coast of Japan.
1991 – Two US Navy anti-submarine planes collided and 27 were lost at sea.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
*HOSKING, CHARLES ERNEST, JR.
Rank and organization: Master Sergeant, U.S. Army, Company A, 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne), 1st Special Forces. Place and date: Phuoc Long Province, Republic of Vietnam, 21 March 1967. Entered service at: Fort Dix, N.J. Born: 12 May 1924, Ramsey, N.J. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. M/Sgt. Hosking (then Sfc.), Detachment A-302, Company A, greatly distinguished himself while serving as company advisor in the III Corps Civilian Irregular Defense Group Reaction Battalion during combat operations in Don Luan District. A Viet Cong suspect was apprehended and subsequently identified as a Viet Cong sniper. While M/Sgt. Hosking was preparing the enemy for movement back to the base camp, the prisoner suddenly grabbed a hand grenade from M/Sgt. Hosking's belt, armed the grenade, and started running towards the company command group which consisted of 2 Americans and 2 Vietnamese who were standing a few feet away. Instantly realizing that the enemy intended to kill the other men, M/Sgt. Hosking immediately leaped upon the Viet Cong's back. With utter disregard for his personal safety, he grasped the Viet Cong in a "Bear Hug" forcing the grenade against the enemy soldier's chest. He then wrestled the Viet Cong to the ground and covered the enemy's body with his body until the grenade detonated. The blast instantly killed both M/Sgt. Hosking and the Viet Cong. By absorbing the full force of the exploding grenade with his body and that of the enemy, he saved the other members of his command group from death or serious injury. M/Sgt. Hosking's risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty are in the highest tradition of the U.S. Army and reflect great credit upon himself and the Armed Forces of his country.
*JOHNSTON, DONALD R.
Rank and organization: Specialist Fourth Class, U.S. Army, Company D, 1st Battalion, 8th Cavalry, 1st Cavalry Division. Place and date: Tay Ninh Province, Republic of Vietnam, 21 March 1969. Entered service at: Columbus, Ga. Born: 19 November 1947, Columbus, Ga. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Sp4c. Johnston distinguished himself while serving as a mortarman with Company D, at a fire support base in Tay Ninh Province. Sp4c. Johnston's company was in defensive positions when it came under a devastating rocket and mortar attack. Under cover of the bombardment, enemy sappers broke through the defensive perimeter and began hurling explosive charges into the main defensive bunkers. Sp4c. Johnston and 6 of his comrades had moved from their exposed positions to 1 of the bunkers to continue their fight against the enemy attackers. As they were firing from the bunker, an enemy soldier threw 3 explosive charges into their position. Sensing the danger to his comrades, Sp4c. Johnston, with complete disregard for his safety, hurled himself onto the explosive charges, smothering the detonations with his body and shielding his fellow soldiers from the blast. His heroic action saved the lives of 6 of his comrades. Sp4c. Johnston's concern for his fellow men at the cost of his life were in the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for March 21, 2021 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
21 March
1912: Lt Frank P. Lahm flew a Wright B airplane, Signal Corps No. 7, at Fort William McKinley, Philippines. Thus, Lahm completed the first flight of American airplane overseas. (21)
1916: The French Air Department authorized Escadrille Americaine, or Nieuport 124, for American volunteer pilots. It later became the Lafayette Escadrille. (5) (20)
1939: Col Hugo E. Pitz, Lt Col Joseph T. McNarney, and Maj Karl S. Axtator and Maj George C. Kenney selected sites for permanent air base and auxiliary landing fields in Puerto Rico. (24)
1945: A massive four-day assault involving 42,000 sorties against the Luftwaffe started over German airspace. It effectively ended German air activities in World War II. (4)
1950: SECDEF Louis A. Johnson approved JCS recommendations on missiles to give: (1) the Army and Navy responsibility for surface-to-air missiles with a range more than antiaircraft artillery and short-range surface-to-surface missiles used in place of artillery and naval guns; (2) the USAF and Navy responsibility for air-launched and surface-to-air missiles for interceptor aircraft; (3) the Navy responsibility for surface-to-surface missiles that replaced naval aircraft; (4) the Army and USAF responsibility for surface-to-surface missiles that replaced close support aircraft, and (5) the USAF responsibility for surface-to-surface missiles that replaced strategic aircraft. (6)
1957: Cmdr Dale W. Cox, Jr., flew an A3D-1 Skywarrior to two FAI cross county records: New York to Los Angeles in 5 hours 12 minutes 39 seconds at 469 MPH; and a round trip in 9 hours 31 minutes 35 seconds at 513 MPH. (9) Presque Isle AFB selected as the first Snark base. (6)
1958: Holloman high-speed test track established new speed record of 2,704 MPH for rocket-propelled monorail sleds. (5)
1962: A black bear named "Yogi" became the first living creature ejected from a supersonic aircraft when the USAF tested the B-58's escape capsule. Ejected at 35,000 feet from a B-58 flying at 870 MPH, the bear landed unharmed 7 minutes 49 seconds later. (16) (24)
1965: Ranger IX, a 10-foot, an 800-pound spacecraft and the last of the series, launched from Cape Kennedy and impacted within 4 miles of the target area on the moon in the crater Alphonsus on 24 March. It sent back the first TV pictures from the moon and took 5,814 photos of the moon's surface. This flight ended a program that began in 1961. Ranger VI was the first to hit the moon, but its TV cameras failed. Rangers VII, VIII, and IX sent 17,167 good photos back to earth. (5)
1973: Two Libyan Mirage aircraft intercepted and fired upon an unarmed C-130 Hercules from Rhein Main AB. The C-130, reportedly on a reconnaissance mission over the Mediterranean, successfully evaded its attackers and recovered safely at Athenai Airport, Greece. (16) (26)
1975: Following the crash of a C-141 (64-0641) into Mt. Constance in the Olympic Mountains near Seattle, Wash., ARRS personnel assisted in the recovery of 10 crewmen and 6 passengers and equipment from the wreckage through June. (26)
1989: NASA ended the Mission Adaptive Wing test program and retired the special F-111 to the Flight Test Center Museum at Edwards AFB. In its 144.9 test hours and 59 sorties, the F-111 showed a 25 percent increase in range, an 18 percent increase in G-loading, and a 71 percent increase in its ability to pull up and clear an obstacle. (20)
1997: Lt Col Marcelyn A. Atwood became the first woman to command a flying training squadron and the first USAF officer to command a Navy squadron at Pensacola, Fla. Her unit trained Air Force and Navy pilots. (21)
2007: A KC-135 flew from Bagram AB, Afghanistan, on the first non-stop medical evacuation flight of non-critical patients to Ramstein AB, Germany. Previously, C-130s transported these noncritical patients without life-threatening injuries to a classified airfield in the US Central Command's area of responsibility (AOR), where they typically waited a day or two for a medical evacuation to Ramstein by C-17. This policy change enabled in-theater C-17s to continue delivering cargo and equipment to airfields in the AOR without interrupting the airflow. By early 2007, security at the classified staging base allowed KC-135s to land and take off for "frequency" aeromedical evacuation missions. The new policy transformed a former aeromedical evacuation "spoke" activity performed by C-130s and C-17s into a "hub" system supported by KC-135 operating in an aeromedical evacuation role. (AMC Historical Highlights, 2007)
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