Sunday, November 17, 2024

TheList 7008


The List 7008     TGB

To All,

.Good Sunday morning 17 November. …Cooler days but nice and sunny here. Mostly inside work today except for some leaf blowing and getting the trash into the big cans. The dog is pretty much back to normal and that is a good thing. I have enjoyed talking to many of you that donated to the List/computer fund I am very grateful. There are some of you that I do not have a phone number in my computer so I will send a note to ask for them. As I have said before I only use it to call you if your email is bouncing and I can't get in touch with you and if you call me I can ID the caller.

Make it a GREAT Day

Regards,

Skip

 

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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)

Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/.   Go here to see the director's corner for all 84 H-Grams  .

..

 This day in Naval and Marine Corps History .

November 17

1847 During the Mexican-American War, 17 Marines and 50 Sailors from the sloop-of-war Dale land at Guaymas, Mexico. The Americans are pinned down in a brief fire-fight and their commander is seriously wounded before the defenders dispersed.

1863 The screw sloop Monongahela escorts Army troops and covers their landing on Mustang Island, Texas while her Sailors shell Confederate works until the defenders surrender.

1917 USS Fanning (DD 37) and USS Nicholson (DD 52) sink the first German submarine, U-58, off Milford Haven, Wales, upon entering World War I.

1941 Congress amends the Neutrality Act to allow U.S. merchant ships to be armed.

1944 TBMs (VC-82) from escort carrier USS Anzio (CVE 57) and USS Lawrence C. Taylor (DE 415) sink Japanese submarine I-26 in the Philippine Sea while USS Spadefish (SS 411) sinks escort carrier Shinyo in the Yellow Sea.

1958 USNS Chain (T AGOR 17), the first of the Navy's new oceanographic research ships, is placed in service and serves with the Military Sea Transportation Service.

2008 The Navy announces its "preferred alternative" to homeport a nuclear-powered carrier at NS Mayport, FL.

 

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This Day in World History

November 17

0375 Enraged by the insolence of barbarian envoys, Valentinian, the Emperor of the West, dies of apoplexy in Pannonia in Central Europe.

1558 The Church of England is re-established.

1558 Queen Elizabeth ascends to the throne of England.

1636 Henrique Dias, Brazilian general, wins a decisive battle against the Dutch in Brazil.

1796 Napoleon Bonaparte defeats an Italian army near the Alpone River, Italy.

1800 The Sixth Congress (2nd session) convenes for the first time in Washington, D.C.

1842 A grim abolitionist meeting is held in Marlboro Chapel, Boston, after the imprisonment of a mulatto named George Latimer, one of the first fugitive slaves to be apprehended in Massachusetts.

1862 Union General Ambrose Burnside marches north out of Washington, D.C., to begin the Fredericksburg campaign.

1869 The Suez Canal is formally opened.

1877 Russia launches a surprise night attack that overruns Turkish forces at Kars, Armenia.

1885 The Serbian Army, with Russian support, invades Bulgaria.

1903 Vladimir Lenin's efforts to impose his own radical views on the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party splits the party into two factions, the Bolsheviks, who support Lenin, and the Mensheviks.

1913 The first ship sails through the Panama Canal, which connects the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

1918 German troops evacuate Brussels.

1918 Influenza deaths reported in the United States have far exceeded World War I casualties.

1931 Charles Lindbergh inaugurates Pan Am service from Cuba to South America in the Sikorsky flying boat American Clipper.

1941 German Luftwaffe general and World War I fighter-ace Ernst Udet commits suicide. The Nazi government tells the public that he died in a flying accident.

1951 Britain reports development of the world's first nuclear-powered heating system.

1965 The NVA ambushes American troops of the 7th Cavalry at Landing Zone Albany in the Ia Drang Valley, almost wiping them out.

1967 The American Surveyor 6 makes a six-second flight on the moon, the first liftoff on the lunar surface.

1970 Soviet unmanned Luna 17 touches down on the moon.

1980 WHHM Television in Washington, D.C., becomes the first African-American public-broadcasting television station.

1986 Renault President Georges Besse is shot to death by leftists of the Direct Action Group in Paris.

1989 Student demonstration in Prague put down by riot police, leading to an uprising (the Velvet Revolution) that will topple the communist government on Dec. 29.

1993 Gen. Sani Abacha leads a military coup in Nigeria that overthrows the government of Ernest Shonekan.

1993 US House of Representatives passes resolution to establish the North American Free Trade Agreement.

2000 Controversial President of Peru Alberto Fujimori removed from office.

 

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Thanks to the Bear. .

OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER ….

. rollingthunderremembered.com .

 

Thanks to Micro

To remind folks that these are from the Vietnam Air Losses site that Micro put together. You click on the url below and get what happened each day to the crew of the aircraft. ……Skip

This one has an interesting story with some pictures

From Vietnam Air Losses site for Saturday November 16

November 16: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=2393

 

This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at:  https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.

 

This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info  https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM

 

MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War

The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature.

 

  https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )

 

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THE FITH ONE FROM SHADOW

. MY TURN IN THE BARREL

Before I get into it… I had two emails last night, one from Dan McMahon and another from Don Cuneo. Dan tells me that it was the 7th Marines that sent the relief company and he is correct… I wasn't sure. He also told a great anecdote that I will share with everyone later… I think it says a lot about the men of Delta.

Cuneo sent a note in response to a personal email about Hartley and my thoughts about Blackjack's decisions… Don wrote me his thoughts and included what I think is a very insightful and eloquent statement… that kinda sums it up for all of us… I paraphrase, "I find it difficult to blame any individual for what happened… none of us knew what to do". I couldn't agree more… none of us did know what to do… Those of us in the lower ranks and at the company level were mostly reactive to the situations presented to us… Shit would happen and we reacted to it…

But I have some real heartache… that I haven't yet gotten over… for over thirty years about the higher ranks… Because at some level… Someone… was supposed to know what to do! When I get to the end of this thing, I will share with you the thoughts of Col.John Verdi (one of my fellow Marine Corps Aviator friends), which I think goes right to the heart of the issue of… blame… I think you'll find it most interesting. The next day… After Delta and Bravo returned… The Battalion Base Camp took on an eerie quietness and calm… Not a lot of activity… and those moving about seemed to do so quietly and stoically. I guess in today's terminology… everyone was decompressing. I think a lot of us were in some deep thought about the whole thing… this had been a real… "No Shit"… ass kicking thing. A true life and death situation… where good men died… and others… had to reach deep within themselves to summon the courage to survive.

It took the collective efforts of many… Beginning with the young Marines on the

ground… as well as the often heroic efforts of others… like the helicopter crews that flew into the teeth of intense ground fire… to kick out water, ammunition and medicines… to keep the effort alive and stave off what some thought would be the inevitable… the eventual, annihilation of Bravo and Delta. Those young men on the ground were heroes… But there was a team… backing them up… and doing everything they could to help.

Those in the effort had no thoughts or motivation of politics or patriotism or selfaggrandizement… There was no invoking of some greater call… It was the very simple and real manifestation of our code… Semper Fidelis (always faithful)… especially to our 2 own fellow Marines and Corpsmen, that motivated them to do what they did. I was… and I am today… proud of everyone who took part.

There seemed to be an awful lot of reflections going on out there that day… a lot of quiet conversations… and none of the brash and vociferous celebrations, I find so revolting in modern athletics… and pseudo military movies like Top Gun... This was deep stuff.

Along about noon we had a storm come up and wet the area down. It was one of those storms that dropped the temperature a few degrees… and made one feel cold over there… even though it was still above 80. In the afternoon, after it let up, people starting coming out of their two man tents and got together in small groups to continue their quiet talks.

I had walked over to the CP tent area, on the south side of the hill. A new Corpsman had just been dropped off by helo and was going to be sent out to Bravo or Delta to replace one of the Corpsmen who had been killed or wounded in the ambush. Everything about the guy was brand new… His own self to begin with (an FNG)… then his Unit One, his boots, his utilities, his helmet… everything… new and bright and shiny green. He obviously had just arrived in country… He was as pale as a corpse.

At the top of the hill, we had erected a RR-292 antenna, for long-range radio

communications. Two of our Comm. Center guys… Dempsy and Lapinski had pitched a hooch near it. They and three other guys, including Dale Spilman had decided to heat up some hot chocolate to take the edge off the chill we were all feeling from the storm.

After warming it up, they were standing near the base of the antenna and talking… When an NVA fired a recoilless round right at them… I assume using the antenna as an aiming stake, because the round hit right in front of them… and all five were hit by the one round.

The fire had come from northeast of the base camp. I assume from the hills in that

direction. As soon as the round hit, there were immediate shouts of "Incoming,

Incoming"… Followed by cries of "Corpsman! Corpsman!"

I looked down at the replacement and said, "Hey man, they need you… You gotta go".

Just then a second round went off and he began literally shaking… He looked up at me and said, "I can't… I've got kids". It was the first time I'd actually seen anyone freeze in such a situation… I'd seen people hesitate… but nothing like this. After the previous four days, I reacted angrily… I looked down at him and said something like, "You chickenshit, motherfucker"… grabbed his Unit One and took off over the hill.

As I came over the top of the hill I could just see them splayed out on the ground by the antenna… when a round went off right in front of me… I had been running and the concussion knocked me off my feet, when I hit the ground flat on my back…the breath went out of me. I thought I was dying. It took me a second or two to get moving again.

When I got to them, all of them had been hit from the buttocks down. Three below the knees… Dempsey a little higher up and Lapinski had his right butt cheek, opened up like a rump roast.

I've thought about this and believe Ski and Dempsey must have been the farthest from the round when it hit… Being a point fire weapon, most of the shrapnel travels forward and up from point of impact. Since no one was hit any higher than their ass… The round must have hit right in front of them, real close.

I was trying to figure out what to do… when the shooter helped me make up my mind, real quick… Another round went right over our heads about five feet. I saw a hole and started dragging them to it as quick as I could. Six men won't fit in a two-man hole… but four did… Ski and I were lying alongside. All of them were complaining about the pain. I tore open the Unit One and gave each a shot of morphine. Ski was particularly hurting and kept trying to roll over… I told him he couldn't, that dirt would get in the wound. He then asked me how bad he was hit…

I leaned over him and looked at his wound… His butt had been opened up like someone had taken a scalpel to it… A lot of blood from the initial hit and the usual capillary action associated with his heart beat, everytime his heart beat, the little capillaries would flutter like little worms… It was ugly, but certainly didn't look fatal. I told Ski he was going to be all right. Then the shooter reminds us he's still there, with another round. One of the guys in the hole, I think it was Dale.... says, "Jesus, he's still shooting at us"!

I had run out of morphine and ideas when of all people, the SgtMaj comes running over the hill and throws another Unit One to me just as another round went off. I knew we had no choice… If we stayed there any longer this asshole might find the range again and nail us for good. I gave each one of them another shot and I grabbed Lapinski and said we have to get out of here… I threw him over my shoulder and walked/ran over the hill. I dropped him off at the CP tent and went back for the others. Dempsey was next and was able to skip on one leg as I held up his other side. When I got him out of the hole, this little Mexican guy comes rushing up and says he'll get one of the others. He drug him off

in a different direction… By the time I came back the third time, he and someone else had removed the last two from harm's way. Thank God… I was spent. I turned and went back to Lapinski.

Ski was still very agitated… I started to try and put a Field Compress on him when Father O'Massey comes sliding up to us, like Pete Rose going into second. He takes one look at Ski… Pulls out this cloth that he hung over his neck and shoulders… takes out the Good Book… and starts giving Lapinski… "Last Rites".

4

I wish I had a video of what happened next… Lapinski had been flat on his stomach… He raises up on his elbows and looks over his shoulder at Father O'Massey… "What are you doing"? Father O'Massy says, "I'm giving you Last Rites my son". Lapinski twists around and looks at me and says, almost hysterically, "You told me I was going to be all right"! I looked at him and said, "You are Ski… He does this for everybody… It's just a precaution". He turns back around to Father O'Massey and screams… "Get the fuck away from me Father… I don't need that… Stafford says I'm going to be all right"! Father O'Massey reared back as if in shock… cocks his head and looks at Ski, then me and says, "Fuck you Lapinski… I'm going to someone who appreciates me". With that he gave me a wink and left.

Over the years, I've often thought that one L/Cpl Lapinski… showed more faith in my judgment… than any other man… I've ever known.

It was almost dark when we called for a medevac… Besides the five, we had other

wounded as well. We moved them on the east side of the hill to wait for the helos. I told them they were on the way. Someone had brought a radio to the LZ. I could just make out the rotating beacon on the helos, I told the guys I could see them coming and it wouldn't be long before they arrived… then we heard a "Save A Plane" issued over the radio.

"Save A Plane" was a warning for low flying aircraft and helicopters that an artillery fire mission was under way and not to fly into the zone of fire… I expected the helicopters to turn around or orbit… but they kept on coming. As they got between us and Cam Lo, someone shouted out, "There they are". Everyone turned to look… Ski is on a stretcher on his belly… he props himself up… just in time to see the lead helicopter take a direct hit from an artillery round. It just disintegrated! A ball of fire… and a million golden sparkles… falling like a slow rain… it was completely burnt up before it hit the ground.

(Every time I see those golden sparkle fireworks on the 4th of July, I'm reminded of it…Looked exactly like that.)

Lapinski, like the rest of us was stunned… He dropped back down and sobbed, "Now I'll never get out of this fucking place". A second or two goes by and he then reaches for me and said, "Oh, God, I'm sorry I said that". Lapinski had just realized that at least 4 or 5 men had just died… trying to save him and the others.

Eventually we got helos in and we loaded Lapinski first, followed by Dale, Dempsey and the others… As we were putting Dempsey on board he grabbed me and told me that he had $500 dollars in MPC in his trousers… (I'd ripped them up checking his wounds when we were at the hole) He asked me to find them and get it and send it to him wherever he was going to be... I told him, "Sure, no problem".

5 The next morning I found his trousers… There was no money in them… Someone either had stolen it… or he had been mistaken… Regardless… I've often wondered if Dempsey still thinks I owe him $500 dollars?

Neither Dale, Lapinski or Dempsey ever returned to the Battalion… So I assume their wounds required stateside treatment… I hope they've had good lives.

I'll have more on this tomorrow and how badly I feel about what I did to the Corpsman, I was an asshole.

More tomorrow… Shadow

 

 

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From the archives

. THANKS TO INTERESTING FACTS

 

5 Famous Pen Names and the Stories Behind Them

Most writers go by their real name. From Dickens to Dostoevsky, Alcott to Asimov, the lion's share of all-time greats have published their novels, stories, plays, and poems under true-to-life bylines. But not all of them.

Many distinguished men and women of letters have used pseudonyms to accompany their works, and some are so ubiquitous that the public may not even know they're a pen name. Here are five of the most notable cases and the stories behind them.

1 of 5

Mark Twain

Samuel Langhorne Clemens went by many names. The author and humorist published a number of letters as Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass and a novel about Joan of Arc as Sieur Louis de Conte. There continues to be debate about the meaning behind "Mark Twain," with some even suggesting that it involves his bar tab, but the most widely accepted theory involves the same Mississippi riverboats he made famous in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

The precise etymology relates to the practice of depth sounding. "Twain" is an old way of saying "two," and the phrase "by the mark twain" means that the mark on the rope suggests a depth of two fathoms. (A "fathom" is a maritime measurement that means six feet, so two fathoms equals 12 feet.) According to Twain — or, rather, Clemens — himself, he wasn't the one who came up with the name: "Mark Twain was the nom de plume of one Captain Isaiah Sellers, who used to write river news over it for the New Orleans Picayune. He died in 1863 and as he could no longer need that signature, I laid violent hands upon it without asking permission of the proprietor's remains. That is the history of the nom de plume I bear."

2 of 5

Toni Morrison

Novelist Toni Morrison discusses her venture into playwriting in

Albany. Not everyone with a pen name is happy about it. Case in point: Toni Morrison, née Chloe Ardelia Wofford. She started going by her saint's name, Anthony, after converting to Catholicism at the age of 12, and the shorter "Toni" caught on soon after. Morrison, meanwhile, was her husband's last name — but she'd already divorced him by the time she began her writing career. According to a 2012 New York Magazine profile, "to this day, she deeply regrets leaving that now world-famous name on her first novel, The Bluest Eye, in 1970."

"Wasn't that stupid?" she said. "People who call me Chloe are the people who know me best. Chloe writes the books." She considered Chloe her true self, while Toni was the acclaimed author and Nobel laureate who did the press tours, the speeches, the "legacy and all of that."

3 of 5

J.K. Rowling

Even as a muggle, J.K. Rowling has always had a few tricks up her sleeve when it comes to writing under an assumed name. And while it's true that her real name is Joanne Rowling, the Harry Potter author doesn't actually have a middle name. She chose J.K. because her publishers, fearful that the apparent target audience for a series about witchcraft and wizardry would be less inclined to read something written by a woman, asked her to use two initials. The "K" in this case stands for Kathleen, the first name of her paternal grandmother.

It doesn't end there. After the enormous success of Harry Potter, Rowling wanted to try her hand at a different genre. She did so by publishing The Cuckoo's Calling under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith in 2013, hopeful that her new endeavor could succeed on its own merits rather than ride Harry Potter's coattails. And though the detective novel was warmly received by critics, it wasn't until some amateur sleuths uncovered its true authorship that sales skyrocketed. Rowling — who has faced controversy and criticism recently for her transphobic stance — has said that she chose the name in honor of Robert Kennedy, a personal hero of hers, and has written four more books in the series as Galbraith.

4 of 5

George Orwell

Unlike many other pseudonymous writers, George Orwell isn't especially well known as such. Best known for Nineteen Eighty-Four and Animal Farm, he was born Eric Arthur Blair in 1903 and opted for a pen name prior to the publication of his 1933 memoir Down and Out in Paris and London. It's a powerful account of his time as an impoverished laborer in the two capital cities, and Orwell opted to publish under a pen name out of fear that it would embarrass his family. Several other options were considered: X, P.S.

Burton, Kenneth Miles, and H. Lewis Allways. "George Orwell" won out both because he considered it a "good round English name" and because it evoked the River Orwell in England's Suffolk County, which he lived near at the time and was extremely fond of.

 

5 of 5

Stephen King

The master of horror has published 61 novels, from Carrie and It to The Shining and Pet Sematary, but only 54 of them are under his real name. The remaining seven are credited to Richard Bachman, King's longtime nom de plume. Dating back to 1977, when the first of these Bachman works was released, the reasoning was simple: King was too prolific for his publishers. Conventional wisdom at the time, according to the FAQ page on his website, was that "one book a year was all the public would accept" and adopting a pen name "made it possible for me to do two books in one year."

Before settling on Richard Bachman, King was originally partial to a name that "had gotten out on the grapevine" and was therefore unusable: Gus Pillsbury. His pen name is a combination of Richard Stark, one of whose novels King had on his desk while making his decision, and the band Bachman Turner Overdrive, whose song "You Ain't Seen Nothin' Yet" was playing at that same fateful mo

 

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Thanks to DR and Rich.

. Subject: Changes

Hi to all -

11-16-2024    Changes

 

Spain

In their quest to be eco-friendly, they destroyed 256 dams to 'restore the natural course of rivers'.  However, no one planned how these rivers might go, and they have experienced major flooding all over the nation.  Lots of damage to property and people.  Us mere mortals seem to have difficulty in comprehending the forces of nature.

 

Nigeria

 

This nation is energy rich, but management poor.  Civil war and other conflicts have pretty well destroyed the order of things.  They just had their 10th major blackout this year.

 

NYC

 

They have ended 'vouchers' - i.e. free debit cards worth $1000 each - for illegals.  The 'sanctuary cities' are realizing that with Trump in place, there is to be no federal bailout for their foolish policies.  Watch for more 'benefits' to vanish in the near future for illegals.  When the money goes away, so will the illegals.

 

Did you see where Trump's attorneys contacted Letitia James and told her 'We will put your fat ass in prison.'  She can hardly deny her opposition, active persecution and now hopeless status in the face of election results.  Wonder what she will do?

 

California

 

If you look at the election maps, you may notice something you did not expect.  About two thirds of California is red.  Democrats control the coastal cities, not the interior.  Newsom should be worried.

 

Pentagon

 

They are working hard to eliminate all traces of their massive DEI programs before Trump arrives.  A bit too late.  When Trump fires the 'woke' generals, the others will fall into line.

 

Several democrat congressmen and others are openly discussing sedition and rebellion.  They want to form (or admit to already having) a 'shadow government' to conduct an underground rebellion, complete with militias, like the ones they hate when republicans set one up.  This is of course, unconstitutional, and if the left pursues this, it could lead to civil war.  Sour grapes are the fruit of the day for democrats.

 

Sex Strike

 

Did you notice that the women who want a 'sex strike' are the same ones who want abortion on demand?  Anyone notice a slight conflict of interest here?

 

Dockworkers

 

Well, Joe negotiated a delay in the dockworkers strike, at least till January, so he can dump this problem on Trump.  Their union has broken off talks with the US Maritime Alliance (USMX) which controls the ports.  The issue is job security.  Unions always want job security, no matter what the cost.  The ports need to modernize and automate, like the rest of the world, to remain competitive.  Unions oppose this.  Kind of like buggy whip makers opposing Henry Ford.  Canada is already on strike.  Ours is scheduled to begin January 15 - just ahead of inauguration.  Since 95% of our trade moves by sea, this could cripple the economy - and it will be blamed on Trump.  Joe refused to invoke the law to force work to continue while negotiations are in progress.

 

One possible solution is not to simply lay off workers as ports automate.  Natural attrition will reduce the overall workforce at a rate of 10-20% per year.  People retire, die or move to other employment all the time.  This will force unions to shuffle workers to fill in places where attrition takes out many, or where there are no replacements for skills lost.  They do not want to do this, of course, but they must, or all the jobs will go away.  How many buggy whip makers have dealerships in your town?

 

Vietnam is building massive container port facilities.  They want to take advantage of the huge trade going on in that part of the world, independent of China and out of the conflicts of other nations.  And, this will massively boost their economy.

 

Trump has a lot on his plate, and a lot of opposition, open and subversive.  But I think he is up to the job, ruffled feathers and all.

In addition to those creative minds he's nominated for positions of high responsibilities, there are others not yet designated.

Kari Lake and Ric Grenell are two that come to mind. No doubt there are others with tremendous experience Trump will designate to resolve long standing, major challenges we face.

Let us not lose the fact that these and other national disasters have long existed and were kept out of sight. We peasants were kept in the dark deliberately as the higher swamp creatures developed endless distractions to make headlines and create the illusion our leaders were looking out for us. Nothing could have been further from the truth.

Just in the last couple days a few familiar names have publicly appeared supporting Donald Trump. Former race car driver Danica Patrick, Sylvester Stalone, Joe Rogan, former astronaut Buzz Aldrin, Dr. Phil McGraw, John Schneider (Dukes of Hazzard), Mel Gibson, Brett Favre, Harrison Butker, NFL football player, Brittany Mahomes, NFL star quarterback's wife, Kelsey Grammer, comedian/actor, Jim Caviezel, actor, Tucker Carlson, Megyn Kelly, Kanye West, Dennis Quaid, Randy Quaid, Jason Aldean, Savannah Chrisley, Amber Rose, Dana White, Russell Brand, Rob Schneider (not to be confused with Rob Reiner, which I do, who hates Trump), Roseanne Barr, Kid Rock, Kevin Sorbo, James Woods, Curtis "50 cent" Jackson, Hulk Hogan, Trace Adkins, Jon Voight, Scott Baio, Steve Mnuchin, Rod Blagojevich, Dean Cain, Zachary Levi, John Daly, Taryn Manning, and last but not least, My Pillow founder and CEO, Mike Lindell.

Now these popular names are not brillian geniuses nor multi-billionaires. But their individual contributions could be dramatic if well directed. DR

 

Rich

 

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Thanks to Cowboy for finding the url

This one is worth your time. As YP would say Holy chit

I did have an uncle who survived his 25 missions

Another great interview from Ward Carrol

Watch This 100-Year-Old Badass B-17 Pilot Describe Flying into Hell

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2CAxfsBxK5U

 

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Piers Morgan Interviews Reporter Douglas Murray

Thanks to Newell

 

Many years ago (1970-71) in a Mid-East History course being taught at the USN Postgraduate School, one of the foremost examples of recurrent Mid-East conflicts was Israel contending with both the internal and external Arab forces that kept attempting to annihilate the Jewish people.  Obviously, it was being taught in the aftermath of the Jewish peoples' two major struggles for survival, the 1948 war and the "Six-Day War" (5-10 June 1967).  It was taught presciently before the surprise Arab nation attacks of the "Yom Kippur War" (6-25 October 1973).

One of the principal propaganda tenets of those long ago Egyptian, Syrian and Jordanian attacks on Israel was the desire to create a homeland for fellow-Arab Palestinians.  This supposedly noble Arab creed became the primary rationale for annihilation of the Jewish state.  Its more recognizable twenty-first century battle cry is now shouted as, "From The River To The Sea!"  Meaning geographically, all the territory between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea – i.e., the Israeli nation.

Most, or all of the above, you likely already know.  That said, the USN PG School's course did not stint on also teaching the underlying sociopolitical subtleties in Mid-East Arab relationships.  And one overriding governing factor dominated the plight of those Arabs who were labeled Palestinian.  Fellow Arab societies considered them to be the most primitive dregs of Islamic Arab populations.  Which meant that no other Islamic Arab nations wanted them to contaminate the population of their own, more-superior cultures.  Thus, any large-scale Palestinian immigration and assimilation into the neighboring Arab nations was denied.

Succinctly stated, no other Arab nation would  take them in.

The solution, that has dominated fellow Arab states' policies since 1948, is to carve out a piece (or pieces) of Israeli territory for an independent Palestinian state.  But ever since the Arab states' losses in the 1967 Six Day War, the "piece of, or pieces of" evolved to the whole of Israel – "From The River To The Sea." 

Currently, entire generations of Palestinians have been thereby indoctrinated.  These long-held beliefs are a Palestinian reality.  Israel is to blame for all their sociopolitical and economic victimhood.  Therefore, barbaric rape, torture and extermination have become the encouraged practices of a justified Israel annihilation.

I realize that a few generally-stated paragraphs don't fully illuminate the complexities of shifting Mid-East politics or influences.  But I hope they summarize the essence of the current external-terrorist challenges Israel faces.  And all of the above is submitted as an introduction to the following Piers Morgan interview of on-scene reporter, Douglas Murray, regarding Israel's campaign to rid Gaza of Hamas.

Newell Tarrant

 

PS:  As a Phantom FRS instructor in May 1977, I flew a simulated aerial combat hop with a visiting Israeli fighter pilot.  In the post-flight debrief, all on the USN side of the fight ended our debrief by heartily complimenting Israel's decisive victory against overwhelming odds in the 1973 Yom Kippur War.  Our IAF guest responded humbly:  "It doesn't matter how many wars we win.  Israel cannot afford to lose even one."

 

https://youtu.be/dZcNEnjVa4E?si=PG30BzssGwC02-tf

 

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This Day in U S Military History  NOVEMBER 17

1859 – Melody utilized in "The Marines' Hymn" premiered in an Offenbach operetta. Following the war with the Barbary Pirates in 1805, when Lieutenant Presely N. O'Bannon and his small force of Marines participated in the capture of Derne and hoisted the American flag for the first time over a fortress of the Old World, the Colors of the Corps was inscribed with the words: "To the Shores of Tripoli." After the Marines participated in the capture and occupation of Mexico City and the Castle of Chapultepec, otherwise known as the "Halls of Montezuma," the words on the Colors were changed to read: "From the Shores of Tripoli to the Halls of Montezuma." Following the close of the Mexican War came the first verse of the Marines' Hymn, written, according to tradition, by a Marine on duty in Mexico. For the sake of euphony, the unknown author transposed the phrases in the motto on the Colors so that the first two lines of the Hymn would read: "From the Halls of Montezuma, to the Shores of Tripoli." A serious attempt to trace the tune of the Marines' Hymn to its source is revealed in correspondence between Colonel A.S. McLemore, USMC, and Walter F. Smith, second leader of the Marine Band. Colonel McLemore wrote: "Major Richard Wallach, USMC, says that in 1878, when he was in Paris, France, the aria to which the Marines' Hymn is now sung was a very popular one." The name of the opera and a part of the chorus was secured from Major Wallach and forwarded to Mr. Smith, who replied: "Major Wallach is to be congratulated upon a wonderfully accurate musical memory, for the aria of the Marine Hymn is certainly to be found in the opera, 'Genevieve de Brabant'. . .The melody is not in the exact form of the Marine Hymn, but is undoubtedly the aria from which it was taken. I am informed, however, by one of the members of the band, who has a Spanish wife, that the aria was one familiar to her childhood and it may, therefore, be a Spanish folk song." In a letter to Major Harold F. Wirgman, USMC, John Philip Sousa says: "The melody of the 'Halls of Montezuma' is taken from Offenbach's comic opera, 'Genevieve de Brabant' and is sung by two gendarmes." Most people believe that the aria of the Marines' Hymn was, in fact, taken from "Genevieve de Brabant," an opera-bouffe (a farcical form of opera, generally termed musical comedy) composed by Jacques Offenbach, and presented at the Theatre de Bouffes Parisians, Paris, on 19 November 1859.

1917 – The Marine Corps' Leatherneck Magazine established. In 1917 a couple of enlisted Marines wanted a newspaper for themselves and their fellow Marines stationed at Quantico, Va. They wanted stories and features that chronicled their Corps and contained news of specific interest to Marines. With the assistance of the Army-Navy YMCA, the men, in their off-duty time, published their first newspaper on Nov. 17, 1917, and they called it The Quantico Leatherneck. In 1918 the word Quantico was dropped from the title. The base commander gave the paper his imprimatur. Funding was paid by advertisements from local merchants catering to the base Marines and sailors. The result was a one-fold, four-page, broadsheet newspaper. By 1920 The Quantico Leatherneck was very popular with enlisted men and officers alike. The men who ran the paper were, nonetheless, Marines and subject to transfer. If the paper was to continue, the Marine Corps would have to step in. This happened during the era of Major General John A. Lejeune, who as Commandant of the Marine Corps not only wanted his Marines to have a newspaper but also wanted to raise the level of knowledge and education in the Corps. As a result, he formed the Marine Corps Institute (MCI). It seemed a natural marriage to move the newspaper from Quantico to Marine Barracks, Washington, D.C., and put it under the auspices of MCI. In 1925 Leatherneck's format was changed from that of a newspaper to a magazine. It remained a small circulation magazine in a small Corps. Prior to World War II, the Corps was smaller than the New York City Police Department. As such, a circulation of 13,000 to 17,000 Marine readers during the Great Depression was exceptionally good. It was during this time that professional illustrations and photos in Leatherneck became prominent. Japanese Zero aircraft spitting bullets at the Marine Corps Air Station, Ewa, Hawaii, and at Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, signaled a tremendous expansion of the Corps and, proportionately, of Leatherneck magazine. The Corps also enlisted its own combat correspondents, many with civilian experience gained from working on the nation's best commercial newspapers and magazines. Many of them were assigned to Leatherneck. The magazine reflected this with an even higher level of professional news and feature stories, high-quality art, and photos. The Leatherneck staff grew to more than 100 and published an overseas edition (without advertisements) for Marines island-hopping across the Pacific. Circulation reached 225,000. Leatherneck also ensured that Marines in every clime and place received all the news through free distribution of civilian magazines. While the Marine Corps may have its own cadre of public affairs talent, it traditionally has not had a compelling interest in managing the news for Marines and did not want its commanders to be distracted in this area. In 1943 Corps officials decided that Leatherneck magazine should be more autonomous. Thus, the Leatherneck Association was founded. Under the purview of Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, the association was governed by HQMC-based officers. The sole purpose of the association was to manage Leatherneck in the interests of the Marine Corps and to provide a governing body answerable only to the Commandant. After the war's end, Leatherneck's circulation dropped proportionately with the number of Marines who had earned enough overseas points to be shipped home and back to civilian life. Many of the Leatherneck staff went back to the various news media they had left. A great number went on to fame as writers, editors, artists and photographers. Some of the magazine's department positions were converted to civilian billets. In several cases the Marine who occupied a billet when it was converted went to work the next day as a civilian. Even so, Leatherneck was still staffed primarily by active-duty Marines until 1972 when all billets for Marines at Leatherneck were eliminated and moved to more needed positions in the Corps. That same year, the magazine's offices moved back to Quantico. Four years later, in 1976, the Leatherneck Association merged with the Marine Corps Association in a partnership that has proven beneficial to both organizations. Today Leatherneck boasts a circulation of nearly 100,000 readers. And although the look of the magazine has evolved dramatically since its inception, its mission remains the same: to be the magazine of Marines—yesterday, today and tomorrow

 

1924 – USS Langley, first aircraft carrier, reports for duty. USS Langley, a 11,500-ton aircraft carrier, was converted from the collier USS Jupiter (Collier # 3) beginning in 1920. Commissioned in March 1922, Langley was the U.S. Navy's first aircraft carrier. In October-November 1922, she launched, recovered and catapulted her first aircraft during initial operations in the Atlantic and Caribbean areas. Transferred to the Pacific in 1924, Langley was the platform from which Naval Aviators, guided by Captain Joseph M. Reeves, undertook the development of carrier operating techniques and tactics that were essential to victory in World War II. Though newer, larger and faster aircraft carriers arrived in the fleet in the later 1920s, the old "Covered Wagon" remained an operational carrier until October 1936, when she began conversion to a seaplane tender. Reclassified AV-3 following completion of this work in early 1937, Langley was mainly employed in the Pacific for the rest of her days. She was sent to the Far East in 1939 and was still there when the Pacific War began in December 1941. Through the early months of the conflict, she supported seaplane patrols and provided aircraft transportation services. While carrying Army fighters to the Netherlands East Indies on 27 February 1942, Langley was attacked by Japanese aircraft. Hit by several bombs and disabled, she was scuttled by her escorting destroyers.

1965 – During part of what would become known as the Battle of the Ia Drang Valley, a battalion from the 1st Cavalry Division is ambushed by the 8th Battalion of the North Vietnamese 66th Regiment. The battle started several days earlier when the 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry engaged a large North Vietnamese force at Landing Zone X-Ray at the base of the Cheu Pong hills (Central Highlands). As that battle subsided, the 2nd Battalion, 7th Cavalry, was ordered to move cross-country to Landing Zone Albany, where it was to be picked up by helicopter and moved to a new location. The U.S. unit was moving through the jungle in a long column when the North Vietnamese sprang a massive ambush along the length of the column from all sides. Companies C and D took the brunt of the Communist attack–within minutes, most of the men from the two companies were hit. The North Vietnamese forces had succeeded in engaging the U.S. forces in very tight quarters, where supporting U.S. firepower could not be used without endangering American lives. The cavalrymen returned fire, but the Communistss were fighting from prepared fighting positions and many of the American leaders had been felled in the initial stages of the ambush. As night fell, the cavalrymen waited for the North Vietnamese to attack but illumination flares provided by air force aircraft made the enemy cautious. By morning, they had withdrawn. Senior U.S. military leaders declared the Battle of the Ia Drang Valley an American victory. That had clearly been the case with the fight at Landing Zone X-Ray, where the three-day battle resulted in 834 North Vietnamese soldiers confirmed killed with another 1,000 communist casualties likely. However, the battle at Landing Zone Albany was another story. Although there were over 400 enemy soldiers lying on the battlefield after the fighting was over, the battle had been an extremely costly one for the 1st Cavalry troopers. Of the 500 men in the original column moving to Landing Zone Albany, 150 had been killed and only 84 were able to return to immediate duty. 93 percent of Company C sustained some sort of wound or injury–half of them died. The Battle of the Ia Drang Valley was important because it was the first significant contact between U.S. troops and North Vietnamese forces. The action demonstrated that the North Vietnamese were prepared to stand and fight major battles, and senior American leaders concluded that U.S. forces could wreak significant damage on the communists in such battles. The North Vietnamese also learned a valuable lesson during the battle: they saw that they could negate the effects of superior American firepower by engaging American troops in physically close combat, so that U.S. artillery and air fire could not be used without endangering American lives. This became standard North Vietnamese practice for the rest of the war.

Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day

BEARSS, HIRAM IDDINGS

Rank and organization: Colonel, U.S. Marine Corps. Born: 13 April 1875, Peru, Ind. Appointed from: Indiana. Other Navy award: Distinguished Service Medal. Citation: For extraordinary heroism and eminent and conspicuous conduct in battle at the junction of the Cadacan and Sohoton Rivers, Samar, Philippine Islands, 17 November 1901. Col. Bearss (then Capt.), second in command of the columns upon their uniting ashore in the Sohoton River region, made a surprise attack on the fortified cliffs and completely routed the enemy, killing 30 and capturing and destroying the powder magazine, 40 lantacas (guns), rice, food and cuartels. Due to his courage, intelligence, discrimination and zeal, he successfully led his men up the cliffs by means of bamboo ladders to a height of 200 feet. The cliffs were of soft stone of volcanic origin, in the nature of pumice, and were honeycombed with caves. Tons of rocks were suspended in platforms held in position by vine cables (known as bejuco) in readiness to be precipitated upon people below. After driving the insurgents from their position which was almost impregnable, being covered with numerous trails lined with poison spears, pits, etc., he led his men across the river, scaled the cliffs on the opposite side, and destroyed the camps there. Col. Bearss and the men under his command overcame incredible difficulties and dangers in destroying positions which, according to reports from old prisoners, had taken 3 years to perfect, were held as a final rallying point, and were never before penetrated by white troops. Col. Bearss also rendered distinguished public service in the presence of the enemy at Quinapundan River, Samar, Philippine Islands, on 19 January 1902.

PORTER, DAVID DIXON

Rank and organization: Colonel, U.S. Marine Corps. Born: 29 April 1877, Washington, D.C. Appointed from: District of Columbia. Citation: For extraordinary heroism and eminent and conspicuous conduct in battle at the junction of the Cadacan and Sohoton Rivers, Samar, Philippine Islands, 17 November 1901. In command of the columns upon their uniting ashore in the Sohoton Region, Col. Porter (then Capt. ) made a surprise attack on the fortified cliffs and completely routed the enemy, killing 30 and capturing and destroying the powder magazine, 40 lantacas (guns), rice, food and cuartels. Due to his courage, intelligence, discrimination and zeal, he successfully led his men up the cliffs by means of bamboo ladders to a height of 200 feet. The cliffs were of soft stone of volcanic origin, in the nature of pumice and were honeycombed with caves. Tons of rocks were suspended in platforms held in position by vines and cables (known as bejuco) in readiness to be precipitated upon people below. After driving the insurgents from their position which was almost impregnable, being covered with numerous trails lined with poisoned spears, pits, etc., Col. Porter led his men across the river, scaled the cliffs on the opposite side, and destroyed the camps there. He and the men under his command overcame incredible difficulties and dangers in destroying positions which, according to reports from old prisoners, had taken 3 years to perfect, were held as a final rallying post, and were never before penetrated by white troops. Col. Porter also rendered distinguished public service in the presence of the enemy at Quinapundan River, Samar, Philippine Islands, on 26 October 1901.

BUTLER, SMEDLEY DARLINGTON (Second Award)

Rank and organization: Major, U.S. Marine Corps. Born: 30 July 1881, West Chester, Pa. Appointed from: Pennsylvania. Other Navy awards: Second Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Medal. Citation: As Commanding Officer of detachments from the 5th, 13th, 23d Companies and the marine and sailor detachment from the U.S.S. Connecticut, Maj. Butler led the attack on Fort Riviere, Haiti, 17 November 1915. Following a concentrated drive, several different detachments of marines gradually closed in on the old French bastion fort in an effort to cut off all avenues of retreat for the Caco bandits. Reaching the fort on the southern side where there was a small opening in the wall, Maj. Butler gave the signal to attack and marines from the 15th Company poured through the breach, engaged the Cacos in hand-to-hand combat, took the bastion and crushed the Caco resistance. Throughout this perilous action, Maj. Butler was conspicuous for his bravery and forceful leadership.

GROSS, SAMUEL

Rank and organization: Private, U.S. Marine Corps, 23d Co. (Real name is Marguiles, Samuel.) Born: 9 May 1891, Philadelphia, Pa. Accredited to: Pennsylvania. Citation: In company with members of the 5th, 13th, 23d Companies and the marine and sailor detachment from the U.S.S. Connecticut, Gross participated in the attack on Fort Riviere, Haiti, 17 November 1915. Following a concentrated drive, several different detachments of marines gradually closed in on the old French bastion fort in an effort to cut off all avenues of retreat for the Caco bandits. Approaching a breach in the wall which was the only entrance to the fort, Gross was the second man to pass through the breach in the face of constant fire from the Cacos and, thereafter, for a 10-minute period, engaged the enemy in desperate hand-to-hand combat until the bastion was captured and Caco resistance neutralized.

IAMS, ROSS LINDSEY

Rank and organization: Sergeant, U.S. Marine Corps, 5th Co. Born: 5 May 1879, Graysville, Pa. Accredited to: Pennsylvania. Citation: In company with members of the 5th, 13th, 23d Companies and marine and sailor detachment from the U.S.S. Connecticut, Sgt. Iams participated in the attack on Fort Riviere, Haiti, 17 November 1915. Following a concentrated drive, several different detachments of marines gradually closed in on the old French bastion fort in an effort to cut off all avenues of retreat for the Caco bandits. Approaching a breach in the wall which was the only entrance to the fort, Sgt. Iams unhesitatingly jumped through the breach despite constant fire from the Cacos and engaged the enemy in a desperate hand-to-hand combat until the bastion was captured and Caco resistance neutralized.

*RAY, BERNARD J.

Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, U.S. Army, Company F, 8th Infantry, 4th Infantry Division. Place and date: Hurtgen Forest near Schevenhutte, Germany, 17 November 1944. Entered service at: Baldwin, N.Y. Birth: Brooklyn, N.Y. G.O. No.: 115, 8 December 1945. Citation: He was platoon leader with Company F, 8th Infantry, on 17 November 1944, during the drive through the Hurtgen Forest near Schevenhutte, Germany. The American forces attacked in wet, bitterly cold weather over rough, wooded terrain, meeting brutal resistance from positions spaced throughout the forest behind minefields and wire obstacles. Small arms, machinegun, mortar, and artillery fire caused heavy casualties in the ranks when Company F was halted by a concertina-type wire barrier. Under heavy fire, 1st Lt. Ray reorganized his men and prepared to blow a path through the entanglement, a task which appeared impossible of accomplishment and from which others tried to dissuade him. With implacable determination to clear the way, he placed explosive caps in his pockets, obtained several bangalore torpedoes, and then wrapped a length of highly explosive primer cord about his body. He dashed forward under direct fire, reached the barbed wire and prepared his demolition charge as mortar shells, which were being aimed at him alone, came steadily nearer his completely exposed position. He had placed a torpedo under the wire and was connecting it to a charge he carried when he was severely wounded by a bursting mortar shell. Apparently realizing that he would fail in his self-imposed mission unless he completed it in a few moments he made a supremely gallant decision. With the primer cord still wound about his body and the explosive caps in his pocket, he completed a hasty wiring system and unhesitatingly thrust down on the handle of the charger, destroying himself with the wire barricade in the resulting blast. By the deliberate sacrifice of his life, 1st Lt. Ray enabled his company to continue its attack, resumption of which was of positive significance in gaining the approaches to the Cologne Plain.

 

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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for November 17,  FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY

 

17 November

1934: Capt Fred C. Nelson, Air Corps, won the Mitchell Trophy Race with an average speed of 216.832 MPH at Selfridge Field. (24)

1941: The USS Archer was the first escort carrier transferred from the US to the UK in World War II. (24)

1944: Land-based US fighters flew over Manila, Bataan, and Corregidor for the first time since early 1942. (24)

1948: Boeing received a contract to build two prototype B-52 bombers. (12)

1949: TYPHOON ALLYN. Typhoon winds of 110 knots caused considerable damage at Harmon Field, Guam, particularly to the larger hangars, warehouses, and the airfreight terminal. There was also widespread damage to the power and telephone cable system. (17)

1952: KOREAN WAR. USAF fighter-bombers attacked hydroelectric facilities at Kongosan. Additionally, Col Royal N. Baker, Commander of the 4th Fighter-Interceptor Group, flying in MiG Alley with the 335th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, scored his fifth MiG kill to become an ace. (28)

1954: Through 19 November, a B-47 Stratojet broke all jet endurance records by flying nonstop between England and North Africa for 47 hours 35 minutes, or 21,163 miles. In the flight, Col David A. Burchinal, 43 BMW Commander, left Sidi Slimane, French Morocco, for RAF Fairford, but bad weather prevented his landing. He returned to Sidi Slimane, where bad weather again forced a return to RAF Fairford. Nine inflight refuelings made the flight possible. (1) (24)

1957: OPERATION LONG LEGS. On 16-17 November, Brig Gen William K. Martin led six B-52s on a 10,425-mile nonstop flight from Homestead AFB to Argentina and back to Plattsburg AFB in Phase II of this operation. (1) (24)

1961: The USAF launched the first Minuteman missile from an underground silo at Cape Canaveral on a 3,000-mile flight down the Atlantic Missile Range. (6) SECDEF Robert S. McNamara approved USAF plans to name SAC as the single manager for KC-135 air refueling operations. (18)

1964: MACKAY TROPHY/DRAGON ROUGE RESCUE MISSION. C-130s from the 464 TCW on rotation to France flew the famous DRAGON ROUGE rescue mission to free hostages in the Congo. In that mission, the C-130 crews airlifted Belgian paratroopers to Africa from Belgium, then airdropped and airlanded them on the Sabenas Airport at Stanleyville on 24 November 1964. Two days later, on Thanksgiving Day, the DRAGON NOIR operation freed hostages held in the town of Paulis. For their part in the mission, the Pope crews received the Mackay Trophy for the most meritorious flight of the year by USAF aircraft. (18) (21)

1967: Operation EAGLE THRUST. Through 29 December, MAC used 413 C-141 and C-130 sorties to complete the longest distance airlift of combat troops from the US to a war zone to date. The planes moved 10,356 men of the 101st Airborne Division and nearly 5,118 tons of equipment, including 32 helicopters, between Fort Campbell and Bien Hoa, Vietnam. (2)

1968: The USAF deployed its new F-4E with an internal gun to SEA. The 40 TFS sent 20 F-4Es to Korat RTAFB, where the squadron became the 469 TFS. The 40 TFS designator returned to the US. (17)

1970: A Lockheed L-1011 trijet flew 297 MPH at 20,000 feet during its 2-hour, 25-minute first flight at at Palmdale.

1999: A KC-10 from the 60 AMW at Travis AFB refueled a F-22 Raptor for the first time. Operating from Edwards AFB over a four-day period, the KC-10 flew four sorties, each lasting nearly three hours. During the test, the KC-10 made more than 250 boom connections with the F-22 and offloaded 35,000 pounds of fuel. (22)

2003: A Global Hawk sortie flown from Edwards AFB verified a German intelligence sensor's ability to detect radar emissions at China Lake NAWC and transmit them to a German Ground Support Station. This project facilitated development of a German-owned and operated Global Hawk derivative called the EuroHawk. (3)

2006: The second Lockheed-Martin C-5M test aircraft made its first flight at Dobbins ARB. (USAF Aimpoints, "Second C-5M Takes Flight," 21 Nov 2006) The 45th Space Wing successfully launched a Delta II booster from Cape Canveral to place the third modernized NAVSTAR Global Positioning System satellite in orbit. It will eventually become part of a 24-satellite system that will provide continuous and precise navigation and timing information to military and civilian users worldwide. (AFNEWS Article, "Air Force Launches Delta II/GPS Mission," 17 Nov 2006) An Air Force Operational and Test Evaluation Center detachment at Edwards AFB completed a 15-month Operational Test and Evaluation (OT&E) of the RQ-4A Block 10 Global Hawk. That phase began in August 2005 to prepare for the first production aircraft's deployment in April 2006. The OT&E involved testing of the launch, recovery, and mission control elements as well as the air vehicles themselves, in the Global War on Terror. (3)

 

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