The List 7422
To All
Good Wednesday Morning January 21, 2026.Today we are cooling off and the clouds have come back with a good chance of rain on Friday.
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To All
I received the following from the Bear
Skip… For your consideration… run this interview for a day or two with the daily invite to tap into the RTR journal… please review and let me know what you think… Bear
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQcxP70jNMY
This is an amazing tribute. skip
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/. Go here to see the director's corner for all 94 H-Grams.
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. January 21
1862—Navy ship Ethan Allen, commanded by acting-Lt. William B. Eaton, captures the schooner Olive Branch at sea off the Florida coast.
1943—Submarines Pollack (SS 180) and Gato (SS 212) attack and cause the sinking of two Japanese ships.
1945—TF 38 aircraft attacks Japanese shipping and airfields on Formosa and in the Pescadores, sinking approximately 15 vessels.
1954—The world's first nuclear submarine, USS Nautilus (SSN 571), is christened and launched at Groton, CT.
1961—USS George Washington (SSBN 598) completes the first operational voyage as a fleet ballistic missile submarine, staying submerged 66 days.
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This day in World History
January 21
1189 Philip Augustus, Henry II of England and Frederick Barbarossa assemble the troops for the Third Crusade.
1648 In Maryland, the first woman lawyer in the colonies, Margaret Brent, is denied a vote in the Maryland Assembly.
1785 Chippewa, Delaware, Ottawa and Wyandot Indians sign the treaty of Fort McIntosh, ceding present-day Ohio to the United States.
1790 Joseph Guillotine proposes a new, more humane method of execution: a machine designed to cut off the condemned person's head as painlessly as possible.
1793 The French King Louis XVI is guillotined for treason.
1910 Japan rejects the American proposal to neutralize ownership of the Manchurian Railway.
1919 The German Krupp plant begins producing guns under the U.S. armistice terms.
1921 J.D. Rockefeller pledges $1 million for the relief of Europe's destitute.
1930 An international arms control meeting opens in London.
1933 The League of Nations rejects Japanese terms for settlement with China.
1941 The United States lifts the ban on selling arms to the Soviet Union.
1942 In North Africa, German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel launches a drive to push the British eastward. While the British benefited from radio-intercept-derived Ultra information, the Germans enjoyed an even speedier intelligence source.
1943 A Nazi daylight air raid kills 34 in a London school. When the anticipated invasion of Britain failed to materialize in 1940, Londoners relaxed, but soon they faced a frightening new threat.
1951 Communist troops force the UN army out of Inchon, Korea after a 12-hour attack.
1958 The Soviet Union calls for a ban on nuclear arms in Baghdad Pact countries.
1964 Carl T. Rowan is named the director of the United States Information Agency (USIA).
1968 In Vietnam, the Siege of Khe Sanh begins as North Vietnamese units surround U.S. Marines based on the hilltop headquarters.
1974 The U.S. Supreme Court decides that pregnant teachers can no longer be forced to take long leaves of absence.
1976 Leonid Brezhnev and Henry Kissinger meet to discuss Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT).
1977 President Carter urges 65 degrees as the maximum heat in homes to ease the energy crisis.
1993 Congressman Mike Espy of Mississippi is confirmed as Secretary of the Department of Agriculture.
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From Vietnam Air Losses site for ..January 21 . .
January 21: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=3104
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This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
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This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Servicemembers Killed in the Vietnam War
The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
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. From the archives
Thanks to Dr.Rich
Thanks to Ken ...
We are the Exennials,
We grew up in the 40s-50s-60s.
We studied in the 50s-60s-70s.
We dated in the 50s-60s-70s.
We got married and discovered the world in the 60s-70s-80s.
We ventured into the 70s-80s.We stabilized in the 90s.
We got wiser in the 2000s.
And walked firmly through the 2010s.
Turns out we've lived through NINE different decades. TWO different centuries... TWO different millennia...
We have gone from the party-line telephone with an operator for long-distance calls to video calls to anywhere in the world. We have gone from slides to YouTube, from vinyl records to online music, from handwritten letters to email and WhatsApp.
From programs on the radio, to black and white TV, and then to HDTV.We went to Blockbuster and now we watch on Netflix.
We started with manual typewriters, learned electric, proportional spacing and S electric typewriters, got to know the first computers, punch cards, diskettes, and now we have gigabytes and megabytes in hand on our cell phones or iPad's.
We dodged infantile paralysis, meningitis, H1N1 flu and now COVID-19.
We rode skates, tricycles, invented cars, bicycles, mopeds, gasoline or diesel cars and now we ride hybrids or 100% electric.
Yes, we've been through a lot but what a great life we've had!
They could describe us as "exennials"...people who were born in that world of the late 30s, 40's and 50's who had an analog childhood and a digital adulthood.
We're kind of—You've seen it all!
Our generation has literally lived through and witnessed more than any other in every dimension of life. It is our generation that has literally adapted to CHANGE. A big round of applause to all the members of a very special generation, who are UNIQUE. Here's a precious and very true message that I received from a friend: TIME DOES NOT STOP
Life is a task that we do ourselves every day. When you look... it's already six in the afternoon; when you look... it's already Friday; when you look... the month is over; when you look... the year is over; when you look... 50, 60, 70 and 80 years have passed!
When you look... we no longer know where our friends are.
When you look... we've lost the love of our life and now, it's too late to go back.
Do not stop doing something you like due to lack of time. Do not stop having someone by your side, because your children will soon not be yours, and you will have to do something with that remaining time, where the only thing that we are going to miss will be the space that can only be enjoyed with the usual friends. The time that, unfortunately, never returns.
The day is today! WE ARE NO LONGER AT AN AGE TO POSTPONE ANYTHING. Hopefully, you have time to read and then share this message... or else leave it for Later, and you will see that you will never share it. Always together. Always united. Always brothers/sisters. Always friends.
Pass it on to your best friends. Don't leave it for Later.
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Some interesting bits Thanks to Brett
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By Sam Sifton
Good morning. President Trump's demands to take over Greenland are the talk of this week's World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. Trump will be there tomorrow, along with dozens of world leaders. "There can be no going back," he wrote on social media about Greenland early this morning.
We have more news below. I'd like to start today, though, by talking to Anatoly Kurmanaev, who is reporting from inside Venezuela for The Times. You ought to get to know him.
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Damage from U.S. airstrikes in Venezuela. The New York Times
Our man in Caracas
Sam: Anatoly, for the past three years you've been a reporter in our Moscow bureau. In recent months, though, you've shifted your focus to the confrontation between the United States and Venezuela. How did that come to happen?
Anatoly: I have covered President Nicolás Maduro's government, mostly from Caracas, ever since he came to power in 2013, and I thought that my experience and contacts could be useful at this historic moment. So, I asked my editors if I could shift topics — and received unequivocal support. I spent a few weeks in Caracas in October, reporting on the escalating tensions and Maduro's attempts to negotiate his way out. Then I came back to the country just a few days before the U.S. attack.
Anatoly Kurmanaev Andrew Testa for The New York Times
You grew up in Siberia and went to college in Britain. How did you end up so deeply sourced and fluent in Latin American affairs?
I minored in Spanish in university and spent a year in Chile on a student exchange. I fell in love with Latin America: its diversity, its spontaneity and drama. I moved there in 2010 with a backpack and my beat-up '90s bicycle; I started writing without pay for expat papers, and gradually built a career.
The Times hasn't had a bureau in Venezuela for many years, and it's been hard for reporters to gain access to the country. What are journalists allowed to do in Venezuela? Are there restrictions on your work or travel?
Venezuela for years had one of the world's highest homicide rates, and criminality was rampant. The danger for journalists today comes primarily from security forces. The risks are particularly elevated now because there are still questions about how much control Venezuela's interim leader, Delcy Rodríguez, exercises over the multitude of different security agencies, police forces and paramilitary groups. The country is full of security checkpoints, and the men with guns are jumpy. This means there's little room for error. But we don't censor ourselves. We have written many high-impact stories about sensitive topics in Venezuela in recent years, and we will continue doing so.
How do you report on the Maduro administration and just generally find out what's going on? Where do you find and cultivate sources?
Ha. A good journalist never talks about their sources! It's a fairly small country, and I have been here, on and off, for 13 years. I have reported from 22 of the country's 23 states. I still speak to people I've met along the way. These are relationships built on trust. I would like to think that I have built a certain reputation for fairness, even among people who broadly dislike our coverage. If I don't know someone directly, I can usually secure an introduction or find an intermediary.
What are Venezuelans saying about the prospect that the government will accommodate U.S. demands?
This country has lived through one of the longest economic crises in modern history, and more than anything people crave stability and an improvement in their standard of living. In the short term, most people seem willing to tolerate some loss of sovereignty and lack of democratic legitimacy to meet their immediate economic needs. They want to breathe after years of daily struggle for survival. But I suspect that as the economy stabilizes and the most pressing problem of runaway inflation is solved, more people will start to question the current arrangement. I expect that Venezuelans' nationalistic and democratic streaks will eventually come to the fore, whether in months or years.
Can you tell us a little bit about Caracas right now? What do the streets and stores and restaurants look like? I guess this is a question about the mood there.
The city has more or less returned to normal by now, since the American attack on Jan. 3. On Thursday I walked past the La Carlota military air base in the city, and servicemen and office workers there were casually strolling in and out on their lunch break, cracking jokes and making chitchat. It was hard to imagine that only two weeks ago the base was bombed, the first time that the capital had come under a foreign military attack in more than a century. I have always been amazed at how daily routine asserts itself even in the most extraordinary circumstances.
In Los Teques, Venezuela, last week. The New York Times
And the people? Are some quietly rejoicing and others continuing to assert the political ideology of Hugo Chávez — Chavismo? You said the other day that there was a sense of "cautious optimism" in the nation. Who are those who feel that way, and why?
I think people are still trying to make sense of what happened and where the country is heading politically. But there's also hope, even euphoria for some, about the economic opportunities that a thaw with the U.S. is expected to bring. The first dollars from the U.S.-brokered sale of Venezuelan oil are entering the country this week, and this is halting the collapse of the national currency. A desire for economic stability and opportunity unites both Chavistas and opposition supporters. Maduro and his fate are very quickly fading into the background.
You first arrived in Venezuela as a journalist in 2013, as Maduro came to power, and wrote about the first eight years of his rule. Do you feel you're now covering his fall, or does his administration continue under Rodríguez?
It certainly feels like a new chapter. It is the same government, practically the same cast. But the script has changed. The U.S. military went from attacking Caracas and killing 100 people to helping Rodríguez bring back wayward tankers. American policymakers went from strangling the Venezuelan economy to rushing funds there. The White House went from calling a Venezuelan leader a narco-terrorist to calling another one "terrific." All this happened in two weeks. Imagine what it will look like in two years.
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THE LATEST NEWS
Greenland
• In a text to Norway's prime minister, Trump linked his desire to acquire Greenland with being snubbed for the Nobel Peace Prize. See their conversation.
• He also targeted European leaders in social media posts early this morning as they gather in Switzerland, reiterating his desire to acquire Greenland.
Tariffs
• Trump threatened to impose 200 percent tariffs on French wine and Champagne if Emmanuel Macron, France's president, refused an invitation to join his board to oversee the cease-fire in Gaza. He calls it a "Board of Peace," and he's charging a billion dollars in cash for permanent membership.
• The Supreme Court could release rulings today, including a highly anticipated decision on Trump's tariffs.
Immigration
• The Trump administration is deporting Cubans in Florida in record numbers.
• The administration told a judge it would appeal limits on the tactics immigration agents can use against protesters in Minnesota.
Trump's First Year
• Trump has used the Oval Office as a stage to flex his power, holding meetings there with more than 40 world leaders.
• The president has cited falsehoods and baseless claims to justify significant policy changes during his second term.
More on Politics
Cardinal Blase Cupich, archbishop of Chicago. Gianni Cipriano for The New York Times
• Three top-ranking Roman Catholic cardinals in the U.S. issued a statement criticizing the Trump administration's foreign policy.
• An Indiana judge and his wife were shot and injured in their suburban home. The incident has raised concerns that public officials aren't safe.
• Trump issued a proclamation for Martin Luther King Jr.'s birthday last night after civil rights groups criticized him for not doing so.
• Travel restrictions and visa costs are leading some musicians and theater companies to cancel plans for U.S. performances.
Train Crash
In Spain yesterday. Finbarr O'Reilly for The New York Times
• The Spanish authorities are investigating the cause of a crash between two high-speed trains yesterday that killed at least 41 people.
• A journalist traveling on one of the trains said the crash felt "like an earthquake."
• A Spanish railway union warned last year that there were problems with the rail line where the crash occurred.
International
• In Guatemala, uprisings in three prisons have killed 10 police officers.
• Dozens of beaches in eastern Australia were closed after four shark attacks occurred in 48 hours.
• China's birthrate hit its lowest level since 1949 despite government efforts encouraging people to have more babies.
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. Thanks to Nice News
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NASA's Artemis II Moon Mission Readies for Takeoff With Rocket Rollout
Miguel J. Rodriguez Carrillo—AFP/Getty Images
We are T-minus 16 days until the launch window begins for the Artemis II mission that will send four astronauts to the moon (more specifically, around it). And it's starting to feel very real, as the rocket set to propel the historic journey was rolled out to the launch pad over the weekend.
"These are the kinda days we live for," John Honeycutt, chair of the Artemis II mission management team, said during a press conference before the rollout. "It really doesn't get much better than this."
Getting the rocket to the pad was a journey in itself. The 322-foot-tall, 11 million-pound Space Launch System took nearly 12 hours to travel 4 miles from Kennedy Space Center's Vehicle Assembly Building to Launch Complex 39B, atop a crawler-transporter that moved at about 1 mile per hour. Next on the agenda is a "wet dress rehearsal" no later than Feb. 2, when teams will load the vehicle and run through launch-day procedures.
If all goes well, the closeout crew will complete final launch preparations on Feb. 6 — and we'll be waiting to hear those three thrilling words: "Ready for takeoff." .
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This Day in U S Military History January 21
1954 – Launching of Nautilus, first nuclear submarine, at Groton, CT. Construction of NAUTILUS was made possible by the successful development of a nuclear propulsion plant by a group of scientists and engineers at the Naval Reactors Branch of the Atomic Energy Commission, under the leadership of Captain Hyman G. Rickover, USN. In July of 1951 Congress authorized construction of the world's first nuclear powered submarine. On December 12th of that year, the Navy Department announced that she would be the sixth ship of the fleet to bear the name NAUTILUS. Her keel was laid by President Harry S. Truman at the Electric Boat Shipyard in Groton, Connecticut on June 14, 1952. After nearly 18 months of construction, NAUTILUS was launched with First Lady Mamie Eisenhower breaking the traditional bottle of champagne across NAUTILUS' bow as she slid down the ways into the Thames River. Eight months later, on September 30, 1954, NAUTILUS became the first commissioned nuclear powered ship in the United States Navy. On the morning of January 17, 1955, at 11 am EST, NAUTILUS' first Commanding Officer, Commander Eugene P. Wilkinson, USN, ordered all lines cast off and signaled the memorable and historic message, "Underway On Nuclear Power." Over the next several years, NAUTILUS shattered all submerged speed and distance records. On July 23, 1958, NAUTILUS departed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii under top secret orders to conduct "Operation Sunshine," the first crossing of the north pole by a ship. At 11:15 pm on August 3, 1958, NAUTILUS' second Commanding Officer, Commander William R. Anderson, USN, announced to his crew "For the world, Our Country, and the Navy – the North Pole." With 116 men aboard, NAUTILUS had accomplished the "impossible," reaching the geographic North Pole–90 degrees north. In May 1959, NAUTILUS entered Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, Maine for her first complete overhaul–the first of any nuclear powered ship–and the replacement of her second fuel core. Upon completion of her overhaul in August 1960, NAUTILUS departed for a period of refresher training, then deployed to the Mediterranean Sea to become the first nuclear powered submarine assigned to the U.S. Sixth Fleet. Over the next six years, NAUTILUS participated in several fleet exercises while steaming over 200,000 miles. In the spring of 1966, she again entered the record books when she logged her 300,000th mile underway. During the following 12 years, NAUTILUS was involved in a variety of developmental testing programs while continuing to serve alongside many of the more modern nuclear powered submarines she had preceded. In the spring of 1979, NAUTILUS set out from Groton, Connecticut on her final voyage. She reached Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California on May 26, 1979–her last day underway. She was decommissioned on March 3, 1980 after a career spanning 25 years and almost half a million miles steamed. In recognition of her pioneering role in the practical use of nuclear power, NAUTILUS was designated a National Historic Landmark by the Secretary of the Interior on May 20, 1982. Following an extensive historic ship conversion at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, NAUTILUS was towed to Groton, Connecticut arriving on July 6, 1985. On April 11, 1986, eighty-six years to the day after the birth of the Submarine Force, Historic Ship NAUTILUS, joined by the Submarine Force Museum, opened to the public as the first and finest exhibit of it's kind in the world, providing an exciting, visible link between yesterday's Submarine Force and the Submarine Force of tomorrow.
1968 – One of the most publicized and controversial battles of the war begins at Khe Sanh, 14 miles below the DMZ and six miles from the Laotian border. Seized and activated by the U.S. Marines a year earlier, the base, which had been an old French outpost, was used as a staging area for forward patrols and was a potential launch point for contemplated future operations to cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Laos. The battle began on this date with a brisk firefight involving the 3rd Battalion, 26th Marines and a North Vietnamese battalion entrenched between two hills northwest of the base. The next day North Vietnamese forces overran the village of Khe Sanh and North Vietnamese long-range artillery opened fire on the base itself, hitting its main ammunition dump and detonating 1,500 tons of explosives. An incessant barrage kept Khe Sanh's Marine defenders, which included three battalions from the 26th Marines, elements of the 9th Marine Regiment, and the South Vietnamese 37th Ranger Battalion, pinned down in their trenches and bunkers. Because the base had to be resupplied by air, the American high command was reluctant to put in any more troops and drafted a battle plan calling for massive artillery and air strikes. During the 66-day siege, U.S. planes, dropping 5,000 bombs daily, exploded the equivalent of five Hiroshima-sized atomic bombs in the area. The relief of Khe Sanh, called Operation Pegasus, began in early April as the 1st Cavalry (Airmobile) and a South Vietnamese battalion approached the base from the east and south, while the Marines pushed westward to re-open Route 9. The siege was finally lifted on April 6 when the cavalrymen linked up with the 9th Marines south of the Khe Sanh airstrip. In a final clash a week later, the 3rd Battalion, 26th Marines drove enemy forces from Hill 881 North. Gen. William Westmoreland, commander of U.S. Military Assistance Command Vietnam, contended that Khe Sanh played a vital blocking role at the western end of the DMZ, and asserted that if the base had fallen, North Vietnamese forces could have outflanked Marine defenses along the buffer zone. Various statements in the North Vietnamese Communist Party newspaper suggested that Hanoi saw the battle as an opportunity to re-enact its famous victory at Dien Bien Phu, when the communists had defeated the French in a climactic decisive battle that effectively ended the war between France and the Viet Minh. There has been much controversy over the battle at Khe Sanh, as both sides claimed victory. The North Vietnamese, although they failed to take the base, claimed that they had tied down a lot of U.S. combat assets that could have been used elsewhere in South Vietnam. This is true, but the North Vietnamese failed to achieve the decisive victory at Khe Sanh that they had won against the French. For their part, the Americans claimed victory because they had held the base against the North Vietnamese onslaught. It was a costly battle for both sides. The official casualty count for the Battle of Khe Sanh was 205 Marines killed in action and over 1,600 wounded (this figure did not include the American and South Vietnamese soldiers killed in other battles in the region). The U.S. military headquarters in Saigon estimated that the North Vietnamese lost between 10,000 and 15,000 men in the fighting at Khe Sanh.
1968 – B-52 airplane loaded with hydrogen bombs crashed at North Star Bay, Greenland near Thule Air Base, contaminating the area after its nuclear payload ruptures. One of the four bombs remains unaccounted for after the cleanup operation is complete.
1969 – USCGC Point Banks while on patrol south of Cam Rahn Bay received a call for help from a 9-man ARVN detachment trapped by two Vietcong platoons. Petty Officers Willis Goff and Larry Villareal took a 14-foot Boston whaler ashore to rescue the ARVN troops. In the face of heavy automatic weapons fire, all 9 men were evacuated in two trips. For their actions Goff and Villareal were each awarded the Silver Star for their actions. The citation stated, "The nine men would have met almost certain death or capture without the assistance of the two Coast Guardsmen."
1977 – President Carter pardoned almost all Vietnam War draft evaders as long as they had not been involved in violent acts.
1999 – In one of the largest drug busts in American history, the United States Coast Guard intercepts a ship with over 4,300 kilograms (9,500 lb) of cocaine on board.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
KOSOHA
Rank and organization: Indian Scouts. Place and date: Winter of 1872-73. Entered service at: ——. Birth: Arizona. Date of issue: 12 April 1875. Citation: Gallant conduct during campaigns and engagements with Apaches.
ORR, MOSES
Rank and organization: Private, Company A, 1st U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: Winter of 1872-73. Entered service at:——. Birth: Ireland Date of issue: 12 April 1875. Citation: Gallant conduct during campaigns and engagements with Apaches.
OSBORNE, WILLIAM
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company M, 1st U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: Winter of 1872-73. Entered service at: ——. Birth: Boston, Mass. Date of issue: 12 April 1875. Citation: Gallant conduct during campaigns and engagements with Apaches.
BJORKMAN, ERNEST H.
Rank and organization: Ordinary Seaman, U.S. Navy. Born: 25 April 1881, Malmo, Sweden. Accredited to: New York. G.O. No.: 145, 26 December 1903. Citation: On board the U.S.S. Leyden, 21 January 1903, Bjorkman displayed heroism at the time of the wreck of that vessel.
STUPKA, LODDIE
Rank and organization: Fireman First Class, U.S. Navy. Born: 4 March 1878, Cleveland, Ohio. Accredited to: Ohio. G.O. No.: 145, 26 December 1903. Citation: Serving on board the U.S.S. Leyden, for heroism at the time of the wreck of that vessel, 21 January 1903.
TEYTAND, AUGUST P.
Rank and organization: Quartermaster Third Class, U.S. Navy. Born: 6 April 1878, Santa Cruz, West Indies. Accredited to: New Jersey. G.O. No.: 145, 26 December 1903. Citation: For heroism while serving on board the U.S.S. Leyden at the time of the wreck of that vessel, 21 January 1903.
WALSH, MICHAEL
Rank and organization: Chief Machinist, U.S. Navy. Born: 27 July 1858, Newport, R.I. Accredited to: Rhode Island. G.O. No.: 145, 26 December 1903. Citation: Serving on board the U.S.S. Leyden; for heroism at the time of the wreck of that vessel, 21 January 1903.
CARY, ROBERT W.
Rank and organiza~ion: Lieutenant Commander, U.S. Navy, U.S.S. San Diego. Place and date: Aboard U.S.S. San Diego, 21 January 1915. Entered service at: Buncston, Mo. Birth: Kansas City, Mo. Citation: For extraordinary heroism in the line of his profession on the occasion of an explosion on board the U.S.S. San Diego, 21 January 1915. Lt. Comdr. Cary (then Ensign), U.S. Navy, an observer on duty in the firerooms of the U.S.S. San Diego, commenced to take the half-hourly readings of the steam pressure at every boiler. He had read the steam and air pressure on No. 2 boiler and was just stepping through the electric watertight door into No. 1 fireroom when the boilers in No. 2 fireroom exploded. Ens. Cary stopped and held open the doors which were being closed electrically from the bridge, and yelled to the men in No. 2 fireroom to escape through these doors, which 3 of them did. Ens. Cary's action undoubtedly saved the lives of these men. He held the doors probably a minute with the escaping steam from the ruptured boilers around him. His example of coolness did much to keep the men in No. 1 fireroom at their posts hauling fires, although 5 boilers in their immediate vicinity had exploded and boilers Nos. 1 and 3 apparently had no water in them and were likely to explode any instant. When these fires were hauled under Nos. 1 and 3 boilers, Ens. Cary directed the men in this fireroom into the bunker, for they well knew the danger of these 2 boilers exploding. During the entire time Ens. Cary was cool and collected and showed an abundance of nerve under the most trying circumstances. His action on this occasion was above and beyond the call of duty.
TRINIDAD, TELESFORO
Rank and organization: Fireman Second Class, U.S. Navy. Born: 25 November 1890, New Washington Capig, Philippine Islands. Accredited to: Philippine Islands. G.O. No.: 142, 1 April 1915. Citation: For extraordinary heroism in the line of his profession at the time of the boiler explosion on board the U.S.S. San Diego, 21 January 1915. Trinidad was driven out of fireroom No. 2 by the explosion, but at once returned and picked up R.E. Daly, fireman, second class, whom he saw to be injured, and proceeded to bring him out. While coming into No. 4 fireroom, Trinidad was just in time to catch the explosion in No. 3 fireroom, but without consideration for his own safety, passed Daly on and then assisted in rescuing another injured man from No. 3 fireroom. Trinidad was himself burned about the face by the blast from the explosion in No. 3 fireroom.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for January 21, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
21 January
1911: Lt Paul W. Beck sent the first radio message from a plane to ground station at Selfridge Field, Mich., 1.5 miles away. He designed a transmitter to send telegraph signals and used Phillip O. Parmalee's Wright plane flying at 100 feet for this demonstration. (5) (21) The Curtiss North Island School and Experimental Station opened in San Diego, Calif. This school later became the Signal Corps Aviation School. (24)
1918: The 1st Marine Aviation Company reached Ponta Delgado, Azores, to fly anti-sub patrols (See 9 January). (24)
1951: KOREAN WAR. Large numbers of MiG-15s attacked USAF jets, shooting down one F-80 and one F-84. In one engagement, Lt Col William E. Bertram from the 27th Fighter-Escort Group became the first F-84 Thunderjet pilot to shoot down a MiG-15. (21) (28)
1955: The Flying Platform, a one-man helicopter, first flew at the Hiller plant in Palo Alto, Calif. (24)
1957: The USAF received its first five Cessna T-37 trainers. (5)
1958: The USAF first used Cessna T-37s in student pilot training with Class 59-D at Bainbridge Air Base, Ga. (5)
1959: The Army launched its first operationally configured Jupiter missile from Cape Canaveral, Fla. It struck the target area after a 1,700-mile flight. (6)
1960: From Wallops Island, a Mercury capsule carried "Miss Sam," a monkey, nine miles up to test an emergency escape system. (24)
1961: HAWAII ANG CONVERSION COMPLETED. The 199th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron's first TF-102A Delta Dagger flight for the Hawaii Air National Guard occurred. These aircraft replaced the old F-86 Sabres on alert status in May.
1965: Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories at Hanscom AFB, Mass., completed a scientific first by bouncing and photographing a laser beam off Explorer XXII, Ionospheric Beacon Satellite. This allowed scientists to determine exact distance between two or more points on earth. (26) The USAF launched an Atlas intercontinental ballistic missile from Vandenberg AFB, Calif., with a piggyback satellite to sample radiation and micrometeors. It was the satellite first orbited westward around the earth. (5)
1968: SIEGE OF KHE SANH. Communist forces began an extended siege of two Marine infantry battalions and an artillery battalion at Khe Sanh, Vietnam. In early January 1968, some 15,000 Communist troops had cut off all ground supply to the base. On 16 January, C-130s airlifted another Marine infantry battalion to Khe Sanh to give the base 6,000 defenders. The siege prompted an extensive airlift. Through April, under very hostile conditions, a C-123 and C-130 airlift gave the Khe Sanh defenders a 30-day supply of food, fuel, and ammunition by delivering 12,430 tons of cargo in 1,128 sorties. Enemy fire destroyed 3 C-123s and damaged at least 18 C-130s and 8 C-123s. The Marines later abandoned Khe Sanh on 23 June. (16) (17) (18)
1970: A Boeing 747 made its first scheduled flight in a 7-hour, 8-minute trip from New York, N. Y., to London, England, with 196 passengers and 18 crewmen. (5)
1972: The Lockheed S-3A Viking first flew. (5)
1984: From an F-15 Eagle carrier, the anti-satellite missile completed its first free flight test. The missile deployed a dummy miniature vehicle emulator. (16)
1985: From an F-15, Maj Ralph B. Filburn launched the first anti-satellite (ASAT) missile to a pointin-space. (3) MACKAY TROPHY. In a training flight Lt Col David E. Faught, a 97th Bombardment Wing evaluator pilot at Blytheville AFB, Ark., saved a KC-135and eight crewmen, when the tanker could not extend its nose gear to land. With bad weather approaching and their fuel growing low, the crew tried to lower the nose gear. After 13 hours in the air, Faught made a nose up landing at the base. For this act, Faught received the trophy. (1)
1987: Gen John T. Chain, the Strategic Air Command Commander, flew the first B-1B, named the "Wings of Freedom," to Ellsworth AFB, S. Dak., for service with the 28th Bombardment Wing. (AFNEWS, "20 Years of Lethality, Ellsworth Celebrates B-1's History, http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123038283, 24 Jan 2007)
1991: Operation DESERT STORM/AIR FORCE CROSS. Capt Paul T. Johnson in his A-10 Thunderbolt II found a downed Navy fighter pilot, who had ejected in Iraqi territory. Johnson destroyed a threatening Iraqi truck, which allowed an Air Force MH-53J Pave Low helicopter to rescue the pilot. For his efforts, Johnson received an Air Force Cross. (16) (26)
2004: An Air Force Flight Test Center F-117 Nighthawk released two types of Joint Direct Attack Munitions, a GBU-31 (v) 1/B [blast effect] and GBU-31 (v) 3/B [deep penetrator], for the first time at the Precision Impact Range Area on Edwards AFB, Calif. (3)
2005: The Air Force Research Laboratory at Edwards AFB, Calif., fired Lockheed-Martin's hybrid rocket motor, using a solid rubberized propellant and liquid oxygen as the oxidizer. The test supported a joint Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and USAF "Falcon" program to develop an affordable Small Launch Vehicle satellite booster. (3) An Air Force Flight Test Center test team increased command and control capabilities of the Joint Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle by transferring the line-of-sight control of two X-45A vehicles at the same time. This test showed a primary pilot's ability to send two unmanned aerial vehicles to a threat area and hand over their control to a theater pilot. (3)
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