TheList 7465

To All.

Good Thursday Morning March 5, 2026.

Looks like the weather is changing again and we are climbing to 82 today and 84 tomorrow with clear skies

Looking forward to Lunch today and Bubba Breakfast on Friday.

Warm Regards,

skip

HAGD

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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)

Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/.    Go here to see the director's corner for all 94 H-Grams. 

March 5

This day in Naval and Marine Corps History March 5

1942—The "Seabees" name and insignia are officially authorized. Rear Adm. Ben Moreell personally furnishes them with their official motto: Construimus, Batuimus -- "We Build, We Fight."

1943—Auxiliary aircraft carrier USS Bogue (ACV 9) begins the first anti-submarine operations by an escort carrier in the Atlantic as the nucleus of the pioneer American anti-submarine hunter-killer group.

1945—USS Sea Robin (SS 407) sinks three Japanese gunboats and USS Bashaw (SS 241) sinks two Japanese tankers.

1960—USS Newport News (CA-148) and personnel from Port Lyautey complete emergency relief operations at Agadir, Morocco after Feb. 29 earthquake.

2005—USS Nitze (DDG 94) is commissioned at Naval Station Norfolk. The Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer is named after former Secretary of the Navy Paul Nitze, who was in attendance for the ship's launching and christening in April 2004, but died before the commissioning ceremony.

 

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This day in world history

March 5

1624   Class-based legislation is passed in the colony of Virginia, exempting the upper class from punishment by whipping.

1766   Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans.

1793   Austrian troops crush the French and recapture Liege.

1821   James Monroe becomes the first president to be inaugurated on March 5, only because the 4th was a Sunday.

1905   Russians begin to retreat from Mukden in Manchuria, China.

1912   The Italians become the first to use dirigibles for military purposes, using them for reconnaissance flights behind Turkish lines west of Tripoli.

1918   The Soviets move the capital of Russia from Petrograd to Moscow.

1928   Hitler's National Socialists win the majority vote in Bavaria.

1933   Newly inaugurated President Franklin D. Roosevelt halts the trading of gold and declares a bank holiday.

1933   Hitler and Nationalist allies win the Reichstag majority. It will be the last free election in Germany until after World War II.

1943   In desperation due to war losses, fifteen and sixteen year olds are called up for military service in the German army.

1946   In Fulton, Missouri, Winston Churchill tells a crowd that "an iron curtain has descended on the Continent [of Europe]."

1956   The U.S. Supreme Court affirms the ban on segregation in public schools in Brown vs. Board of Education.

1969   Gustav Heinemann is elected West German President.

1976   Britain gives up on the Ulster talks and decides to retain rule in Northern Ireland indefinitely.

1984   The U.S. Supreme Court rules that cities have the right to display the Nativity scene as part of their Christmas display.

 

March 5, 1770 Boston Massacre

On the cold, snowy night of March 5, 1770, a mob of American colonists gathers at the Customs House in Boston and begins taunting the British soldiers guarding the building. The protesters, who called themselves Patriots, were protesting the occupation of their city by British troops, who were sent to Boston in 1768 to enforce unpopular taxation measures passed by a British parliament that lacked American representation.

 

Boston Massacre Sparks a Revolution

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British Captain Thomas Preston, the commanding officer at the Customs House, ordered his men to fix their bayonets and join the guard outside the building. The colonists responded by throwing snowballs and other objects at the British regulars, and Private Hugh Montgomery was hit, leading him to discharge his rifle at the crowd. The other soldiers began firing a moment later, and when the smoke cleared, five colonists were dead or dying—Crispus Attucks, Patrick Carr, Samuel Gray, Samuel Maverick and James Caldwell—and three more were injured. Although it is unclear whether Crispus Attucks, an African American, was the first to fall as is commonly believed, the deaths of the five men are regarded by some historians as the first fatalities in the American Revolutionary War.

 

The British soldiers were put on trial, and patriots John Adams and Josiah Quincy agreed to defend the soldiers in a show of support of the colonial justice system. When the trial ended in December 1770, two British soldiers were found guilty of manslaughter and had their thumbs branded with an "M" for murder as punishment.

 

The Sons of Liberty, a Patriot group formed in 1765 to oppose the Stamp Act, advertised the "Boston Massacre" as a battle for American liberty and just cause for the removal of British troops from Boston. Patriot Paul Revere made a provocative engraving of the incident, depicting the British soldiers lining up like an organized army to suppress an idealized representation of the colonist uprising. Copies of the engraving were distributed throughout the colonies and helped reinforce negative American sentiments about British rule.

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Thanks to the Bear and Dan Heller. We will always have the url for you to search items in Rolling Thunder

OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER …

. rollingthunderremembered.com .

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 Thanks to Micro

From Vietnam Air Losses site for ..March 5 . .

March 5: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=466 

 

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. Take a trip down Memory Lane this morning with these epic songs

. Jukebox Material: Discover The Top 12 Movie Songs Of All Time

 

Since sound was added to moving images, film and music have been a perfect match. Whether it's a heart-wrenching drama, an action-packed thriller, or a romantic comedy, the right song at the right time can always elevate the impact of a scene. There have been millions of great tunes in the history of cinema, but only a few have truly conquered our hearts and stood the test of time. In this article, we'll take a look at 12 emblematic themes that we still sing along to long after leaving the movie theater.

 

Singin' in the Rain

According to the American Film Institute, Singin' in the Rain is the greatest movie musical of all time. Its centerpiece is the film's title song, written by Arthur Freed and Nacio Herb Brown and performed by the brilliant Gene Kelly.

 

The scene in which this melancholic melody is played has become a staple of American culture. "Singin' in the Rain" was later featured in dozens of films and remains a source of joy for many today.

 

Moon River

The theme song for Breakfast at Tiffany's was composed specifically by Johnny Mercer and Henry Mancini to be performed in Audrey Hepburn's dreamy voice. The balcony scene in which Fred discovers Holly Golightly playing the song on the guitar is one of the most iconic moments in Blake Edwards' film—and to think it was almost removed from the final cut!

 

"Moon River" is such a timeless tune that it even won an Academy Award for Best Original Song and has been recorded by many other artists since its release in 1961.

 

Let The River Run

Remember those aerial shots of New York paired with the gorgeous music of "Let The River Run" in the title sequence of Working Girl? Just epic!

 

The main theme of the 1988 film, directed by Mike Nichols, is one of the greatest of all time. Thanks to this song, Carly Simon became the first person in history to win an Oscar, a Golden Globe, and a Grammy for a track composed, written, and performed entirely by a single artist.

 

I Will Always Love You

Dolly Parton wrote "I Will Always Love You" in 1973. While it was a commercial success for the country legend at the time, it is Whitney Houston's version of the song for The Bodyguard that everybody remembers.

 

Houston's 1992 pop ballad stayed at number one on the Billboard chart for 14 weeks and became one of the best-selling singles of all time. It also became the actress's signature song.

 

Somewhere Over the Rainbow

According to the American Film Institute, the greatest song in the history of cinema is "Somewhere Over the Rainbow" from _The Wizard of Oz_—and no wonder! The 1939 song won the Academy Award for Best Original Song and was later inducted into the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress for its cultural significance.

 

The ballad was written by Harold Arlen and Yip Harburg with Judy Garland in mind. At just 16 years old, Garland delivered a masterful performance as Dorothy, and the scene remains one of the most iconic in film history.

 

What a Feeling!

Written by Giorgio Moroder, Keith Forsey, and Irene Cara for the 1983 film Flashdance, "What a Feeling!" is one of the most defining songs of the decade. It's fair to say the film includes other great tracks, like Michael Sembello's "Maniac" and Laura Branigan's "Imagination."

 

Yet, the main theme, played during the iconic audition scene, became a worldwide bestseller. It spent six weeks at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and won both an Academy Award and a Golden Globe for Best Original Song.

 

Stayin' Alive

The Bee Gees contributed several songs to the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack, but without a doubt, the most famous is "Stayin' Alive." This 1977 hit tune, along with John Travolta's iconic dance moves, defined the disco era.

 

"Stayin' Alive" became one of the British group's most popular songs, earning widespread recognition, including a Grammy Award and a spot on several "greatest songs of all time" rankings.

 

Golden Eye

As its name suggests, this song, performed by the great Tina Turner, was written for the 1995 James Bond film Golden Eye. It was composed by Irish musicians Bono and The Edge from U2 with Turner in mind.

 

Depeche Mode were originally asked to compose the film's main theme but were too busy at the time. "GoldenEye" reached number two on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 when it was released as a single and, along with "Live and Let Die" by Paul McCartney and "You Only Live Twice" by Nancy Sinatra, is considered one of the best 007 theme songs!

 

It Must Have Been Love

The soundtrack of Pretty Woman, one of the best romantic comedies of all time, features several great songs—including Roy Orbison's "Oh, Pretty Woman."

 

However, this time, we'd like to highlight "It Must Have Been Love," a bittersweet tune by Roxette. Originally released in 1987, the song was reintroduced when Touchstone Pictures wanted to feature a track by the Swedish pop duo in the 1990 film. Thanks to this re-release, it became a smash hit in the U.S. and around the world.

 

Eye of the Tiger

Originally, Sylvester Stallone wanted to use Queen's "Another One Bites the Dust" as the theme song for Rocky III. When permission was denied, he turned to the American rock band Survivor to write an original song.

 

Since then, "Eye of the Tiger" has achieved massive success and will forever be associated with Rocky Balboa. It remains one of the most frequently used songs at sporting events and is undoubtedly one of the greatest movie songs of all time.

 

My Heart Will Go On

Performed by Celine Dion, "My Heart Will Go On" is one of the most listened-to and best-selling songs of all time. Originally composed by James Horner as a motif for the Titanic soundtrack, it was later developed into the film's official theme song.

 

This catchy tune, which won multiple Grammy Awards, is the perfect complement to Jack and Rose's tragic love story.

 

As Time Goes By

Of course, we couldn't leave out of this list one of the most emblematic songs in film history: "As Time Goes By" from Casablanca. Play it again, Sam, and let us relive Ilsa Lund and Rick Blaine's unforgettable love story.

 

Originally composed by Herman Hupfeld for the 1931 Broadway musical Everybody's Welcome, the song achieved international fame thanks to one of Casablanca's most memorable scenes. It became the foundation of the film's soundtrack and was ranked No. 2 on AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs list

 

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. . Stearman - Max braking for short field landing …

As YP would say holy chit

Thanks to Billy ... and Dr.Rich

 

https://youtu.be/gmYH9dEhFvs?si=hL8hqG07dlBYCbyT

 

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.Thanks to 1440

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🇺🇸 Civics Thursday—With US strikes on Iran dominating the headlines, we're exploring the institutions and rules behind how America goes to war. Scroll down for pages explaining war powers in the US, the United Nations, and NATO.

 

 

Gen Z on the Ballot

Nepal will elect its new government today, the first vote since last year's youth-led protests toppled the government. Many candidates are running as independents, with the lead candidate supporting a new technocratic coalition over established communist and center-left parties.

The frontrunner among young people is 36-year-old Balendra Shah, a millennial rapper and former Kathmandu mayor, running against ousted Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli (see more, w/music). Nearly 160 Gen Z candidates are running across the country, about half as independents. Many joined cause with the National Independent Party, a centrist coalition emphasizing government reform and digital fluency. A top consideration for voters is the economy; youth unemployment stands at over 20%, and roughly one-fourth of gross domestic product comes from remittances.

When Gen Z Nepalis protested a social media ban last year, the crackdown left nearly 80 people dead and forced Oli to resign in two days. The protests were part of a wider trend of youth uprisings, including in Madagascar, Bulgaria, Morocco, and Iran.

 

 

 

War Powers Resolution

The US Senate failed to advance a war powers resolution to limit President Donald Trump's authority to wage war with Iran, with 53 voting in favor, short of the 60 votes needed.

The vote came after Turkey said NATO forces shot down an Iranian missile headed into its airspace. Earlier in the day, the Pentagon confirmed the US Navy had torpedoed an Iranian warship in the Indian Ocean near Sri Lanka. The attack late Tuesday marked the first time a US submarine has downed an enemy ship since World War II (see more, w/video). There were more than 170 people aboard the ship named IRIS Dena and nicknamed "Soleimani"—after the late Iranian general killed by the US in 2020. Sri Lankan authorities reportedly rescued 32 survivors; roughly 140 are still missing as of this writing.

Separately, Mojtaba Khamenei, the son of Iran's former Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei, emerged as the leading contender to succeed his father. .

 

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. Thanks to Brett

 

Victor Davis Hanson

@VDHanson

Victor Davis Hanson, a senior contributor for The Daily Signal, is a classicist and historian at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and host of "The Victor Davis Hanson Show." His website, The Blade of Perseus, features columns, lectures, and exclusive content for subscribers. Contact him at authorvdh@gmail.com.

 

Editor's note: This is a lightly edited transcript of today's video from Daily Signal Senior Contributor Victor Davis Hanson. Subscribe to our YouTube channel to see more of his videos.

 

Hello, this is Victor Davis Hanson for The Daily Signal.

 

We're coming up on the fourth day of war in the Middle East since the United States attacked, along with Israel, the theocratic government in Iran. What is the status of the conflict as I speak, and what will be some possible outcomes? What would be ideal in the Trump administration's view?

 

The Daily Signal depends on the support of readers like you. Donate now

 

 

I think you all know that. It would be something along the following lines: a couple of more days of targeted strikes on the Iranian theocratic leadership. The Revolutionary Guard would encourage the people who went out a million strong just a few weeks ago and were slaughtered, this time, they would not fear a diminished government.

 

And they would take control, storm the political residences, the political meeting places, the political key points of the Iranian government, mass outside them, and you would see some kind of plane come in from the United States with a shah's son or maybe the interim government in from Paris would fly in and you would have a coalition government.

 

And then everybody would rejoice. The United States would be popular, and there would be a normalization in the Middle East. And then of course there would be retribution for the murders in this government, committed not just against the United States and Europe and Israel, but against, primarily, the Iranian people.

 

How do we gauge the pulse of that intended, or desirable, result?

 

Well, at some point, the Iranians have a finite supply of arms. They have thousands of missiles, we're told. They had a navy, they had an air force, but they are up against over probably about a thousand jets of various countries, mostly Israeli and the United States, and they are expending a lot of their ordnance attacking almost every Arab country in their vicinity, as well as Cyprus and Israel, and attacking the United States Navy.

 

And so, they have a finite supply of missiles, drones, and airplanes, and they're being attrited, demolished, destroyed every day, and they're not being replenished. You can't get into Iran. You can't fly into Iran to give them more arms.

 

So, they have a finite supply while their enemies do not. That's very important. And more importantly, what would end the war in their favor would be something like the Iraqi War or the Afghan war. In other words, they would have to kill hundreds or thousands of Americans or Israelis to create public backlash to a degree that would force the leadership to back off.

 

Or they would have to accomplish stunning strategic victories, maybe blow up the facilities right around the Straits of Hormuz and blockade it somehow. Blow up some ships, make it impossible for 20% of the world's fossil fuels to get out. That doesn't seem—they don't seem to have the wherewithal.

 

Each day, as I said, their stock of weapons and stock of leaders is diminishing, and there's no way to resupply it. That's how we lost in Vietnam. The Chinese and Russian governments were supplying either across the border or at the Port of Hai Phong. And that's why we didn't win in Afghanistan, because there was an open border with Pakistan, and that's why we had trouble in Iraq.

 

Syria was transferring weapons into Iraq. But this is different. We can isolate the entry and exit into Iran with air power, and we have done that pretty well.

 

One of the key indicators of the pulse of this war will be the Iranian people. And this is under controversy. People are in disagreement.

 

When you see your infrastructure go up in smoke, do you say, "Well, I like the Americans, but now they're starting to blow up apartment buildings, and I don't know who lives in there. Maybe they're members of the regime, but that's gonna cost all of us. And, you know, my third cousin is actually working for Rafsanjani or something. And he's not all that bad"?

 

Or will it say, "Thank you. These are the people who butchered us. And when you take them out and you take their infrastructure out, it empowers us, and we're gonna hit the streets pretty soon"?

 

Nobody knows that answer. A lot of people opine upon it, but we'll have to wait a few more days to see what the pulse of battle is.

 

And what are the attitudes of foreign peoples and nations and countries? The Europeans have been very circumspect. The British government, the French government, at first said they were worried it was dangerous, or they supported the idea, but they didn't want to have the United States use, in the British case, Diego Garcia.

 

I think what you'll see with the British, the French, the Germans, the NATO powers, the EU, it'll be pretty predictable from past wars.

 

In other words, number one, they will express guarded optimism and guarded support and then hedge. And then watch the pulse of battle. Put their finger in the air and say, "Who is winning? Is the United States gonna stick around this time?"

 

If the pulse of battle favors the United States and Israel, then they will climb on and say it's deplorable what the Iranian government is doing. They attack neutral parties. And then finally, we'll send some of our assets in kind of a ceremonial performance art fashion.

 

We might send some French jets or British jets, park them in Oman, park them in Kuwait, and say, "We're protecting the oil producers of the world against Iranian aggression." And that's about it. There won't be any sizable help, and there won't be any sizable obstruction. It'll be rhetorical, and it will be based on whether they think we're winning or losing.

 

Russia and China. Russia lost a client with Bashar Hafez al-Assad's destruction in Syria. He fled to Russia, but Russia didn't do much to help him.

 

They didn't send in a fleet. They didn't send in convoys of aerial. He had no popular support. But more importantly, Russia's lost over a million dead, wounded, and missing in Ukraine. They have lost the majority of their tanks. Their air fleet is vastly diminished. They've lost oil customers.

 

They are broke. Their gross domestic product is now almost 50% invested in munitions, but the munitions are being wasted at an astronomical rate. There are maybe 20,000 Russians as well. Dead, wounded, or killed each month. They are in no position to help Iran.

 

How about China? We just have to go on past behavior.

 

Did they threaten us over Panama and say, "You leave the Panamanians alone. We cut a deal with them. We have a right to station Chinese Communist-controlled companies at the entry and exit of the canal." No, they did not.

 

How about with Venezuela, Mr. Maduro. They said, "How dare you? This was one of our clients. We had inroads into Latin America. Our Silk Road, our Belt and Road project was good for Latin America, and we have a unique relationship."

 

No, they didn't. They didn't. They're not going to do anything.

 

Getting back to our Trump way of war, there was a strategic subtext to all of these incidents that I'm enunciated. And it's to isolate and weaken China's influence, especially in the Western Hemisphere, especially in the Middle East, and snap the Europeans back into action.

 

Finally, what will be the domestic reaction to this war? That will depend again on whether it's successful.

 

I don't want to be too cynical, but as I think I've told you once, during the April 2003 invasion of Iraq under George W. Bush, when the statue of Saddam Hussein was toppled, and people were screaming and yelling in jubilation, Iraqis among them, 90% of the American people polled that they supported George Bush's demolishment of the Hussein government and the liberation of Iraq.

 

Fast forward to the 2006 midterms, where the Republicans took a shellacking, and support for the war was below 50%. And when George W. Bush left office, he had only about 30% support, and there were only 20% supporting the war.

 

Did the aims of the war change? No. Maybe a little bit more on nation, but what changed was the cost: 4,000-plus dead, many more wounded, trillion dollars. And for what? An ungrateful Iraqi people, it seemed to us, who now were hand-in-glove working with our arch enemies, the Iranians.

 

So, you have to be very careful about the polls.

 

Americans will, by a small majority, want the liberation of Iran if it's quick, if it doesn't cost Americans a lot of blood and treasure, and if people around the world pat us on the back for liberating Iran.

 

If we get stuck in a quagmire where we have to have ground troops, and we get into the hundreds of American dead, it'll be a disaster for the Republican Party in the midterms.

 

And finally, what happens with a MAGA base?

 

And I'm talking about the people who identify with the former Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, the former Fox anchor Tucker Carlson, some of the more fringe people like Nick Fuentes or Candace Owens or Steve Bannon—the MAGA people, America First, they have been loudly critical of this war in every aspect.

 

The problem is that part of that criticism has been gloom and doom, and they have predicted it's not going come out well, or they have predicted that it's really not in our interest, or that President Donald Trump is a captive of Jewish influences.

 

All of that does not resonate with a majority of Republicans that support Trump. It doesn't resonate with the independents.

 

The Left finds that as sort of a useful idiocy that they can glom onto internal criticism of Trump, but otherwise they have nothing in common with the extreme MAGA base.

 

So, I don't think that that will be a hindrance or a brake on operations, except as I just said, if the casualties climb, if we have to put in ground troops, if there is a falling out between us and some of our allies, if the anti-war movement ramps up and takes its fumes, takes an accelerant, I should say, from the Immigration and Customs Enforcement demonstration, the "No Kings" demonstration, the Tesla demonstration and really gets going as it did during the Second Gulf War. Then we could have some problems with the Trump administration's conduct of war.

 

I don't see that yet, and I think there's a good chance that we can still see a vastly weakened Iran within a month, a triumphant United States.

 

And the $64,000 question will be, who will be in charge of Iran? And that is very important because you do not—we went twice into Iraq. This is the second time we've gone into Iran. You don't want to go in a third time.

 

So, it would behoove Donald Trump to find a magical solution of removing the theocratic government, putting a benevolent government in its place without a lot of American blood and treasure, and that's a hard thing to do.

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Thanks  to the Flyover

 

US Sub Torpedoes Iranian Warship

A U.S. Navy submarine torpedoed and sank the IRIS Dena, one of Iran's most prized warships, in the Indian Ocean on Tuesday, the first U.S. torpedo sinking of an enemy vessel since World War II, Joint Chiefs Chairman Gen. Dan Caine confirmed on Wednesday. .

 

Secretary of War Pete Hegseth called it a "quiet death" and said the U.S. is winning Operation Epic Fury "decisively, devastatingly and without mercy."

 

On Wednesday, thousands of Kurds crossed from Iraq and launched a ground offensive in Iran. Now in its sixth day, the joint U.S.-Israeli campaign has hit nearly 2,000 targets inside Iran. 

 

Iran's ballistic missile launches are down 86% from day one, and the U.S. expects complete control of Iranian airspace within days. Six American service members were killed in a March 1 drone attack in Kuwait; four have been identified.

 

 US and Ecuador Launch Operation Against Cartels

The U.S. and Ecuador launched joint ground operations against narco-terrorist organizations this week, the first time American forces have participated in a ground mission inside Ecuador.

U.S. Southern Command said American personnel served in an advisory capacity, providing planning and intelligence support while Ecuadorian soldiers conducted the operations.

Ecuador has become one of the region's fastest-growing drug transit hubs, sandwiched between the world's two largest cocaine producers, Colombia and Peru, with drug seizures there nearly tripling since 2019.

 

 Notre Dame Coaching Legend Lou Holtz Dies

College football icon Lou Holtz passed away yesterday in Orlando, Florida, at the age of 89. He's remembered by many as one of the greatest coaches in college football history, especially by Notre Dame fans, where he coached for an 11-year span from 1986 to 1996.

Holtz led six different programs to bowl games over a 33-year career (he's still the only coach in NCAA history to do so) and finished with 249 career wins. His crown jewel, however, will always be the 1988 Notre Dame team that went 12-0 and won the national championship, the program's last to date.

After retiring from coaching in 2004, Holtz spent a decade as an analyst at ESPN, quickly becoming one of the sport's most recognizable personalities. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2008 and received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Trump in 2020.

Holtz had been in hospice care at his Orlando home since February, surrounded by family. He is survived by four children, including son and fellow coach Skip Holtz. See his career in images.

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. This Day in U S Military History

March 5

1836 – Samuel Colt manufactured the 1st pistol, a 34-caliber "Texas" model. Samuel Colt patented a revolver mechanism that led to the widespread use of the revolver. According to Samuel Colt, he came up with the idea for the revolver while at sea, inspired by the capstan, which had a ratchet and pawl mechanism on it, a version of which was used in his guns to rotate the cylinder. Revolvers proliferated largely due to Colt's ability as a salesman. But his influence spread in other ways as well; the build quality of his company's guns became famous, and its armories in America and England trained several seminal generations of toolmakers and other machinists, who had great influence in other manufacturing efforts of the next half century.

1946 – In one of the most famous orations of the Cold War period, former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill condemns the Soviet Union's policies in Europe and declares, "From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent." Churchill's speech is considered one of the opening volleys announcing the beginning of the Cold War. Churchill, who had been defeated for re-election as prime minister in 1945, was invited to Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri where he gave this speech. President Harry S. Truman joined Churchill on the platform and listened intently to his speech. Churchill began by praising the United States, which he declared stood "at the pinnacle of world power." It soon became clear that a primary purpose of his talk was to argue for an even closer "special relationship" between the United States and Great Britain-the great powers of the "English-speaking world"-in organizing and policing the postwar world. In particular, he warned against the expansionistic policies of the Soviet Union. In addition to the "iron curtain" that had descended across Eastern Europe, Churchill spoke of "communist fifth columns" that were operating throughout western and southern Europe. Drawing parallels with the disastrous appeasement of Hitler prior to World War II, Churchill advised that in dealing with the Soviets there was "nothing which they admire so much as strength, and there is nothing for which they have less respect than for military weakness." Truman and many other U.S. officials warmly received the speech. Already they had decided that the Soviet Union was bent on expansion and only a tough stance would deter the Russians. Churchill's "iron curtain" phrase immediately entered the official vocabulary of the Cold War. U.S. officials were less enthusiastic about Churchill's call for a "special relationship" between the United States and Great Britain. While they viewed the English as valuable allies in the Cold War, they were also well aware that Britain's power was on the wane and had no intention of being used as pawns to help support the crumbling British empire. In the Soviet Union, Russian leader Joseph Stalin denounced the speech as "war mongering," and referred to Churchill's comments about the "English-speaking world" as imperialist "racism." The British, Americans, and Russians-allies against Hitler less than a year before the speech-were drawing the battle lines of the Cold War.

1947 – The 7th Marine Regiment disbanded at Camp Pendleton following their return from China. Personnel and equipment were transferred to the 3rd Marine Brigade..( Did you know that the Marines Landed in China during WWII Read The Pacific by Ambrose)

1953 – Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union since 1924, dies in Moscow. Like his right-wing counterpart, Hitler, who was born in Austria, Joseph Stalin was not a native of the country he ruled with an iron fist. Isoeb Dzhugashvili was born in 1889 in Georgia, then part of the old Russian empire. The son of a drunk who beat him mercilessly and a pious washerwoman mother, Stalin learned Russian, which he spoke with a heavy accent all his life, in an Orthodox Church-run school. While studying to be a priest at Tiflis Theological Seminary, he began secretly reading Karl Marx and other left-wing revolutionary thinkers. The "official" communist story is that he was expelled from the seminary for this intellectual rebellion; in reality, it may have been because of poor health. In 1900, Stalin became active in revolutionary political activism, taking part in labor demonstrations and strikes. Stalin joined the more militant wing of the Marxist Social Democratic movement, the Bolsheviks, and became a student of its leader, Vladimir Ilich Lenin. Stalin was arrested seven times between 1902 and 1913, and subjected to prison and exile. Stalin's first big break came in 1912, when Lenin, in exile in Switzerland, named him to serve on the first Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party-now a separate entity from the Social Democrats. The following year, Stalin (finally dropping Dzugashvili and taking the new name Stalin, from the Russian word for "steel") published a signal article on the role of Marxism in the destiny of Russia. In 1917, escaping from an exile in Siberia, he linked up with Lenin and his coup against the middle-class democratic government that had supplanted the czar's rule. Stalin continued to move up the party ladder, from commissar for nationalities to secretary general of the Central Committee-a role that would provide the center of his dictatorial takeover and control of the party and the new USSR. In fact, upon Lenin's death in 1924, Stalin began the consolidation of his power base, conducting show trials to purge enemies and rivals, even having Leon Trotsky assassinated during his exile in Mexico. Stalin also abandoned Lenin's New Economic Policy, which would have meant some decentralization of industry. Stalin demanded-and got-absolute state control of the economy, as well as greater swaths of Soviet life, until his totalitarian grip on the new Russian empire was absolute. The outbreak of World War II saw Stalin attempt an alliance with Adolf Hitler for purely self-interested reasons, and despite the political fallout of a communist signing an alliance with a fascist, they signed a nonaggression pact that allowed each dictator free reign in their respective spheres of influence. Stalin then proceeded to annex parts of Poland, Romania, and Finland, and occupy Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. In May 1941, he made himself chairman of the Council of People's Commissars; he was now the official head of the government and no longer merely head of the party. One month later, Germany invaded the USSR, making significant early inroads. As German troops approached, Stalin remained in the capital, directing a scorched-earth defensive policy and exercising personal control over the strategies of the Red Army. As the war progressed, Stalin sat in on the major Allied conferences, including those in Tehran (1943) and Yalta (1945). His iron will and deft political skills enabled him to play the loyal ally while never abandoning his vision of an expanded postwar Soviet Empire. In fact, after Germany's surrender in April 1945, Stalin oversaw the continued occupation and domination of much of Eastern Europe, despite "promises" of free elections in those countries. Stalin did not mellow with age; he prosecuted a reign of terror, purges, executions, exiles to the Gulag Archipelago (a system of forced-labor camps in the frozen north), and persecution in the postwar USSR, suppressing all dissent and anything that smacked of foreign, especially Western European, influence. To the great relief of many, he died of a massive heart attack on March 5, 1953. He is remembered to this day as the man who helped save his nation from Nazi domination-and as the mass murderer of the century, having overseen the deaths of between 8 million and 10 million of his own people.

1953 – Good weather permitted Fifth Air Force to complete 700 sorties. Sixteen F-84 ThunderJets attacked in northeastern Korea an industrial area at Chongjin, just sixty-three miles from the Siberian border, destroying buildings and two rail and two road bridges, damaging seven rail cars, and inflicting several rail and road cuts. Fighter-bombers flying ground support missions reported damage or destruction to fifty-six bunkers and gun positions, fourteen personnel shelters, and ten supply stacks.

1979 – Voyager I's closest approach to Jupiter (172,000 miles). Voyager 1 is a 722-kilogram (1,592 lb) space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, to study the outer Solar System. Operating for 37 years, 1 month and 12 days as of October 17, 2014, the spacecraft communicates with the Deep Space Network to receive routine commands and return data. At a distance of about 129.18 AU (1.933×1010 km) (approximately 12 billion miles) from Earth as of September 2014, it is the farthest spacecraft from Earth.

Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day

BOURY, RICHARD

Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company C, 1st West Virginia Cavalry. Place and date: At Charlottesville, Va., 5 March 1865. Entered service at: Wirt Courthouse, W. Va. Birth: Monroe County, Ohio. Date of issue: 26 March 1865. Citation: Capture of flag.

FRANKS, WILLIAM J.

 Rank and organization: Seaman, U.S. Navy. Born: 1830, Chatham County, N.C. Entered service at: Duvalls Bluff, Ark. G.O. No.: 32, 16 April 1864. Citation: Served on board the U.S.S. Marmora off Yazoo City, Miss., 5 March 1864. Embarking from the Marmora with a 12-pound howitzer mounted on a field carriage, Franks landed with the gun and crew in the midst of heated battle and, bravely standing by his gun despite enemy rifle fire which cut the gun carriage and rammer contributed to the turning back of the enemy during the fierce engagement.

LAFFEY, BARTLETT

Rank and organization: Seaman, U.S. Navy. Born: 1841, Ireland. Accredited to: Massachusetts. G.O. No.: 32, 16 April 1864. Citation. Off Yazoo City, Miss., 5 March 1864, embarking from the Marmora with a 12-pound howitzer mounted on a field carriage, Laffey landed with the gun and crew in the midst of heated battle and, bravely standing by his gun despite enemy rifle fire which cut the gun carriage and rammer, contributed to the turning back of the enemy during the fierce engagement.

STODDARD, JAMES

Rank and organization: Seaman, U.S. Navy. Born: 1838, North Carolina. Accredited to: North Carolina. G.O. No.: 32, 16 April 1864. Citation: Off Yazoo City, Miss., 5 March 1864. Embarking from the Marmora with a 12_pound howitzer mounted on a field carriage, Stoddard landed with the gun and crew in the midst of heated battle and, bravely standing by his gun despite enemy rifle fire which cut the gun carriage and rammer, contributed to the turning back of the enemy during the fierce engagement.

*HIBBS, ROBERT JOHN

 Rank and organization: Second Lieutenant, U.S. Army, Company B, 2d Battalion, 28th Infantry, 1st Infantry Division. Place and date: Don Dien Lo Ke, Republic of Vietnam, 5 March 1966. Entered service at: Des Moines, Iowa. Born: 21 April 1943, Omaha, Nebr. G.O. No.: 8, 24 February 1967. Citations: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life above and beyond the call of duty. 2d Lt. Hibbs was in command of a 15-man ambush patrol of the 2d Battalion, when his unit observed a company of Viet Cong advancing along the road toward the 2d Battalion's position. Informing his command post by radio of the impending attack, he prepared his men for the oncoming Viet Cong, emplaced 2 mines in their path and, when the insurgents were within 20 feet of the patrol's position, he fired the 2 antipersonnel mines, wounding or killing half of the enemy company. Then, to cover the withdrawal of his patrol, he threw hand grenades, stepped onto the open road, and opened fire on the remainder of the Viet Cong force of approximately 50 men. Having rejoined his men, he was leading them toward the battalion perimeter when the patrol encountered the rear elements of another Viet Cong company deployed to attack the battalion. With the advantage of surprise, he directed a charge against the Viet Cong, which carried the patrol through the insurgent force, completely disrupting its attack. Learning that a wounded patrol member was wandering in the area between the 2 opposing forces and although moments from safety and wounded in the leg himself, he and a sergeant went back to the battlefield to recover the stricken man. After they maneuvered through the withering fire of 2 Viet Cong machine guns, the sergeant grabbed the dazed soldier and dragged him back toward the friendly lines while 2d Lt. Hibbs remained behind to provide covering fire. Armed with only an M-16 rifle and a pistol, but determined to destroy the enemy positions, he then charged the 2 machine gun emplacements and was struck down. Before succumbing to his mortal wounds, he destroyed the starlight telescopic sight attached to his rifle to prevent its capture and use by the Viet Cong. 2d Lt. Hibb's profound concern for his fellow soldiers, and his intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty are in the highest traditions of the U.S. Army and reflect great credit upon himself and the Armed Forces of his country.

*JENKINS, ROBERT H., JR.

 Rank and organization: Private First Class, U.S. Marine Corps, 3d Reconnaissance Battalion, 3d Marine Division (Rein), FMF. Place and date: Fire Support Base Argonne, Republic of Vietnam, 5 March 1969. Entered service at: Jacksonville, Fla. Born: 1 June 1948, Interlachen, Fla. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving as a machine gunner with Company C, 3d Reconnaissance Battalion, in connection with operations against enemy forces. Early in the morning Pfc. Jenkins' 12-man reconnaissance team was occupying a defensive position at Fire Support Base Argonne south of the Demilitarized Zone. Suddenly, the marines were assaulted by a North Vietnamese Army platoon employing mortars, automatic weapons, and hand grenades. Reacting instantly, Pfc. Jenkins and another marine quickly moved into a 2-man fighting emplacement, and as they boldly delivered accurate machine gun fire against the enemy, a North Vietnamese soldier threw a hand grenade into the friendly emplacement. Fully realizing the inevitable results of his actions, Pfc. Jenkins quickly seized his comrade, and pushing the man to the ground, he leaped on top of the marine to shield him from the explosion. Absorbing the full impact of the detonation, Pfc. Jenkins was seriously injured and subsequently succumbed to his wounds. His courage, inspiring valor and selfless devotion to duty saved a fellow marine from serious injury or possible death and upheld the highest traditions of the Marine Corps and the U.S. Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life for his country.

*JOHNSON, RALPH H.

Rank and organization: Private First Class, U.S. Marine Corps, Company A, 1st Reconnaissance Battalion, 1st Marine Division (Rein), FMF. Place and date: Near the Quan Duc Valley, Republic of Vietnam, 5 March 1968. Entered service at: Oakland, Calif. Born: 11 January 1949, Charleston, S.C. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving as a reconnaissance scout with Company A, in action against the North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong forces. In the early morning hours during Operation ROCK, Pfc. Johnson was a member of a 15-man reconnaissance patrol manning an observation post on Hill 146 overlooking the Quan Duc Valley deep in enemy controlled territory. They were attacked by a platoon-size hostile force employing automatic weapons, satchel charges and hand grenades. Suddenly, a hand grenade landed in the 3-man fighting hole occupied by Pfc. Johnson and 2 fellow marines. Realizing the inherent danger to his 2 comrades, he shouted a warning and unhesitatingly hurled himself upon the explosive device. When the grenade exploded, Pfc. Johnson absorbed the tremendous impact of the blast and was killed instantly. His prompt and heroic act saved the life of 1 marine at the cost of his life and undoubtedly prevented the enemy from penetrating his sector of the patrol's perimeter. Pfc. Johnson's courage, inspiring valor and selfless devotion to duty were in keeping with the highest traditions of the Marine Corps and the U.S. Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life for his country.

 

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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for March 5, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY

5 March

1913: Army Field Order No. 1 officially organized Headquarters 1st Aero Squadron (Provisional) in a field near Texas City, Tex. It was the first unit created to conduct aircraft operations. (4) (24)

1923: An auxiliary jettisonable belly tank, fitted on an MB-3A's bomb rack at Selfridge Field, boosted the aircraft's flying radius to about 400 miles. (24)

1939: Norman Rintoul and Victor Yesulantes used a Stinson Reliant, equipped with a trailing hook, to demonstrate a nonstop airmail system. They picked a mailsack off a pole at Coatesville, Pa. (8)

1944: Operation THURSDAY. Through 11 March, allied aircraft and gliders airlifted Brig Gen Orde C. Wingate's Special Force with 9,000 personnel and 1,400 mules and horses from India at night to a location 200 miles behind enemy lines in Burma. (21)

1952: KOREAN WAR. While jet fighters stilled enemy antiaircraft fire, an USAF helicopter lowered a hoist sling and rescued a downed US Navy pilot in the vicinity of Yongyon, Korea. (28)

1957: The USAF issued initial operational capability directives to place 40 Atlas and 40 Titan I ICBMs on alert between March 1959 and March 1961 and 60 IRBMs on alert between July 1959 and July 1960. (6)

1962: MACKAY TROPHY. Capt Robert G. Sowers and crew flew a 43 BMW B-58 Hustler to three FAI records in a round-trip flight from Los Angeles to New York: round-trip speed of 1,044.46 MPH in 4 hours 41 minutes 15 seconds; Los Angeles to New York in 2 hours 59 seconds at 1,214.65 MPH; and New York to Los Angeles in 2 hours 15 minutes 50 seconds at 1,081.8 MPH. Sowers and his crew received the Mackay Trophy for this flight. (1) (9) (21)

1964: At Grand Forks AFB, workers began building Minuteman II operational facilities. (6)

1965: The F-111 made its first supersonic flight at Fort Worth. (6) At Vandenberg AFB, SAC launched its last Titan I. (6)

1971: The ADC started a realignment of its operational elements, moving from a concept of a broad defense of the Continental U. S. (CONUS) to a perimeter defense along America's northern border and its east and west coasts. This move affected 19 bases in 13 states and transferred all remaining ADC F-101s to the ANG. (16)

1975: Students flew the last navigator-training sortie in a T-29 at Mather AFB, Calif. (16)

1976: An AFSC aircrew, flying a B-52G, launched the first ALCM at White Sands Missile Range. (6)

1985: Through 9 March, airlift crews flew 123 tons of food and medicine as part of four famine relief missions to Sudan, Niger, and Mali. (16)

1986: MACKAY TROPHY. From the 68 AREFG, Capt Marc C. Felman and his KC-10 Extender crew provided emergency refueling to a KC-10 and three A-4s Skyhawks over the Atlantic Ocean when a crippled plane on the runway at Santa Maria AB, Portugal, prevented a landing. The KC-10 and A-4s did not have enough fuel to divert to another base. Learning of their plight while on the ground at Santa Maria, Captain Felman stopped the refueling of his KC-10, left two crewmen behind in Base Operations, did not pay for his fuel or get a flight clearance, and did not align his inertial navigation system before taking off in near zero-zero weather to intersect and save a crippled Marine A-4M. He received the Mackay Trophy for the flight. (16) Under the 1986 McCollum Amendment, the USAF began airlifting Afghan patients and refugees from Pakistan to the US. (26)

1988: Operation ELECTION DISTRICT. Through May 1989, C-5s, C-130s, and a C-141 airlifted a UN Transition Advisory Group and its cargo to Namibia. Altogether, the airlift moved 854 passengers and 1,023 tons of cargo. The operation supported UN peace objectives to withdraw Cuban troops from Angola, pullout South African forces from Namibia, and give independence to Namibia. (18)

1995: Under the START agreement, the first Russian weapons inspectors arrived at Malmstrom AFB to monitor the dismantling of LGM-30F Minuteman IIs. (16) (26)

1996: A C-141 from Charleston AFB flew nonstop to Tel Aviv, Israel, with 2,800 pounds of highly sophisticated explosive-detection devices after four terrorist suicide-bombings in two weeks. A KC-135 Stratotanker from the 100 AREFW at Mildenhall refueled the C-141 en route. (18)

2001: The Space Shuttle landed at Cape Canaveral AFS for the first time. NASA's modified 747 carried the Columbia there from Palmdale, Calif. (AFNEWS Article 0313, 7 Mar 2001)

2002: An AFFTC test aircrew from Edwards AFB dropped the first Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser (WCMD) from an F-15E. The WCMD, a tail kit for conventional bombs, achieved accuracy by automatically compensating for the effects of wind, launch transients, and ballistic errors. (3)

 

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