To All
Good Sunday morning June 28. Same weather different day. The clouds are clearing by 12 and we are heating up to 72 by 2.
My son is recovering from a nasty bug in that god forsaken hole he is living in.
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Go here to see the director’s corner for all 97 H-Grams
June 28
1814
The sloop of war USS Wasp commanded by Johnston Blakeley, comes across HMS Reindeer, commanded by William Manners, off Plymouth, England, and engages in battle. After the 19-minute battle, USS Wasp captures HMS Reindeer, taking her crew as prisoners, and burn her at sea.
1869
The Navy's first surgeon-general William M. Wood is appointed, and serves until Oct. 25, 1871.
1914
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria is assassinated at Sarajevo, Bosnia. This act eventually leads to World War I.
1919
The Versailles Peace Treaty is signed, which ends World War I.
1943
USS Peto (SS 265) and USS Tunny (SS 282) sink Japanese hydrographic-meteorological research ship Tenkai No.2 northeast of Mussau Island and a gunboat Shotoku Maru off the west coast of Rota, Mariana Islands.
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Today in World History June 28
1635 The French colony of Guadeloupe is established in the Caribbean.
1675 Frederick William of Brandenburg crushes the Swedes.
1709 Russians defeat the Swedes and Cossacks at the Battle of Poltava.
1776 Colonists repulse a British sea attack on Charleston, South Carolina.
1778 Mary "Molly Pitcher" Hays McCauley, wife of an American artilleryman, carries water to the soldiers during the Battle of Monmouth.
1839 Cinque and other Africans are kidnapped and sold into slavery in Cuba.
1862 Fighting continues between Union and Confederate forces during the Seven Days' campaign.
1863 General George Meade replaces General Joseph Hooker three days before the Battle of Gettysburg.
1874 The Freedmen's Bank, created to assist former slaves in the United States, closes. Customers of the bank lose $3 million.
1884 Congress declares Labor Day a legal holiday.
1902 Congress passes the Spooner bill, authorizing a canal to be built across the Isthmus of Panama.
1911 Samuel J. Battle becomes the first African-American policeman in New York City.
1914 Austria's Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated at Sarajevo, Serbia.
1919 Germany signs the Treaty of Versailles under protest.
1921 A coal strike in Britain is settled after three months.
1930 More than 1,000 communists are routed during an assault on the British consulate in London.
1938 Congress creates the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) to insure construction loans.
1942 German troops launch an offensive to seize Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus and the city of Stalingrad.
1945 General Douglas MacArthur announces the end of Japanese resistance in the Philippines.
1949 The last U.S. combat troops are called home from Korea, leaving only 500 advisers.
1950 General Douglas MacArthur arrives in South Korea as Seoul falls to the North.
1954 French troops begin to pull out of Vietnam's Tonkin province.
1964 Malcolm X founds the Organization for Afro-American Unity to seek independence for blacks in the Western Hemisphere.
1967 14 people are shot during race riots in Buffalo, New York.
1970 Muhammad Ali [Cassius Clay] stands before the Supreme Court regarding his refusal of induction into the U.S. Army during the Vietnam War.
1971 The Supreme Court overturns the draft evasion conviction of Muhammad Ali.
1972 Richard Nixon announces that no new draftees will be sent to Vietnam.
1976 The first women enter the U.S. Air Force Academy.
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June 27
Hello All,
Thanks to Dan Heller and the Bear
Links to all content can now be found right on the homepage http://www.rollingthunderremembered.com. If you scroll down from the banner and featured content you will find "Today in Rolling Thunder Remembered History" which highlights events in the Vietnam war that occurred on the date the page is visited. Below that are links to browse or search all content. You may search by keyword(s), date, or date range.
An item of importance is the recent incorporation of Task Force Omega (TFO) MIA summaries. There is a link on the homepage and you can also visit directly via https://www.rollingthunderremembered.com/task-force-omega/. There are 60 summaries posted thus far, with about 940 to go (not a typo—TFO has over 1,000 individual case files).
If you have any questions or comments about RTR/TFO, or have a question on my book, you may e-mail me directly at acrossthewing@protonmail.com. Thank you Dan
Thanks to Micro
To remind folks that these are from the Vietnam Air Losses site that Micro put together. You click on the url elow and get what happened each day to the crew of the aircraft. ……Skip
June 28: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=2610
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear’s Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady’s work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
(This site was sent by a friend . The site works, find anyone you knew in “search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
AUGUST 15, 2022
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From the archives to start your day
Thanks to Boysie ... and Dr. Rich
Lexophila
Lexophilia: Although not in the dictionary, it is reported that "Lexophile" describes a person who loves sentences such as,
"You can tune a piano, but you can't tuna fish," and,
"To write with a broken pencil is pointless."
An annual competition is held by the 'New York Times' to see who can create the best original lexophile.
This year's submissions:
◾I changed my iPod's name to Titanic. It's syncing now.
◾England has no kidney bank, but it does have a Liverpool.
◾Haunted French pancakes give me the crepes.
◾This girl today said she recognized me from the Vegetarians Club, but I'd swear I've never met herbivore.
◾I know a guy who's addicted to drinking brake fluid, but he says he can stop any time.
◾A thief who stole a calendar got twelve months.
◾When the smog lifts in Los Angeles, U.C.L.A.
◾I got some batteries that were given out free of charge.
◾A dentist and a manicurist married. They fought tooth and nail.
◾A will is a dead giveaway.
◾With her marriage, she got a new name and a dress.
◾Police were summoned to a daycare center where a three-year-old was resisting a rest.
◾A bicycle can't stand alone; it's just two tired.
◾The guy who fell onto an upholstery machine last week is now fully recovered.
◾He had a photographic memory but it was never fully developed.
◾When she saw her first strands of gray hair she thought she'd dye.
◾Acupuncture is a jab well done. That's the point of it.
◾I didn't like my beard at first. Then it grew on me.
◾Did you hear about the crossed-eyed teacher who lost her job because she couldn't control her pupils?
◾When chemists die, they barium.
◾I stayed up all night to see where the sun went, and then it dawned on me.
◾I'm reading a book about anti-gravity. I just can't put it down.
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Thanks to Dick
Bob Beavis is a former UAL pilot & retired USMC aviator/Col
I joined VMF-235 shortly after Orson ejected from his F-8 Crusader and was captured in 1966. We grew up respecting the Flag of the United States of America. Most all of us still do and especially those of us who paid our dues on behalf of this Nation. Please remember the Country that has given you freedoms and success. And respect our Flag. Semper Fi, Bob Beavis
The Flag -- thanks to my friend, Dixie Ferguson, for inspiring these thoughts a few years ago!
27 November, 2018
Earlier this year, some friends of mine, patriotic citizens all, were discouraged by the actions of one of the members of their City Council. This member of the City Council refused to say the Pledge of Allegiance at the opening of each City Council meeting, as was customary. The council member refusing to stand was Hispanic-American, and said, essentially, the Flag did not represent her. She was not born in the USA. I was asked by my friends what I thought of her conduct. I sent the following comment to them.
Orson Swindle
The American Flag
Lt. Colonel Orson Swindle, USMC(ret)
I could not help but reflect on a day long ago – March 4, 1973 – and being at the airfield in Hanoi, North Vietnam, awaiting a big, beautiful C-141 aircraft to fly me and my fellow POWS home after years of incarceration and pain – 6 years and 4 months for me.
We patiently waited, still in the grip of the Communist troops. Then, at a distance, we saw the C-141 on its approach to land. It was like a dream and, after so many years, really hard to believe.
The aircraft landed and began to taxi to the area where we were being held before release. As it approached us, the aircraft became more visible – and, there before our squinting eyes, was a big, red white and blue American Flag emblazoned on the tail of the aircraft moving closer and closer. Among the dozens of Americans standing by, soon to board that aircraft for freedom, I am pretty sure there was not a dry eye among us.
You see, the Flag is more than a piece of cloth or an ornament to be disrespected. It represented the glue that held us together for all those years of abuse, torture, deprivation, uncertainty, fear and pain. We all knew it represented us, our indomitable spirit, our courage, our hopes, our dreams, our faith and our love for our Country. We resisted our captors day in and day out, in my case, for 2,305 days.
We often paid a painful price for our resistance, for remaining loyal to our Country and our Flag. Our motto was Return with Honor.
We had lived in fear of dishonoring that Flag in any way. We were inspired by it and even made little flags from cloth we stole in prison. We were beaten for possessing those little scrap cloth flags. And, every night in our cells, we looked toward home year after year, and we said the Pledge of Allegiance together, although we were often detained in solitary confinement in solid-walled cells, apart from our fellow Prisoners of War.
The Flag, the Pledge, our Country and each other, meant a lot to us – and, they still do.
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Thanks to Interesting Facts
5 Fascinating Facts About the Color Green
The color green is intimately tied to the human experience. The hue fills our world as the color of nature, and its particular wavelength has a fascinating relationship with our visual sense. The color can represent positive notions (peace and fertility) as well as negative ones (greed or envy). Although it’s considered a secondary color, because it’s a mix of both yellow and blue primary colors, green is maybe the most important hue in the visual spectrum — and these five mind-blowing facts explain why.
1 of 5
Human Eyes Are Most Sensitive to the Green Wavelength of Light
Electromagnetic radiation comes in a variety of types, including radio waves, gamma rays, and visible light. The human eye can perceive wavelengths around 380 to 740 nanometers (nm), also known as the visual light range. The size of the wavelength determines the color we see: For example, at 400 nm our eyes perceive the color violet (hence the name “ultraviolet” for wavelengths directly under 400 nm), whereas at 700 nm our eyes glimpse red (but can’t see the “infrared” wavelengths just beyond it). In the middle of this spectrum of visible light is the color green, which occupies the range between 520 to 565 nm and peaks at 555 nm. Because this is right in the middle of our visual range, our eyes are particularly sensitive to the color under normal lighting conditions, which means we can more readily differentiate among different shades of green. Scientists have also found that the color green positively affects our mood in part because our visual system doesn’t strain to perceive the color — which allows our nervous system to relax.
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The Color Green Has Meant Many Things Throughout History
Today, the color green is associated with a variety of feelings and social movements. Turning a shade of green can indicate nausea, but you can also become “green” with envy. Green is closely associated with money and capitalism, while also embodying aspects of nature and the environmentalist, or “Green,” movement.
However, these cultural definitions have changed over millennia, and have different associations in different parts of the world. For example, in ancient Egypt, green was often linked with both vegetation and death, and Osiris (god of fertility and death) was often depicted as having green skin. These days, green is prevalent throughout the Muslim world — adorning the flags of Muslim-majority nations such as Iran and Saudi Arabia — because it was supposedly the prophet Mohammad’s favorite color. Many African nations also include the color green in their flags to represent the natural wealth of their continent, and Confucius believed green (more specifically jade) represented 11 separate virtues, including benevolence, music, and intelligence.
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Hollywood Uses Green Screens Because of Human Skin Tones
If you’ve seen any big-budget Hollywood film, it probably used some variety of green screen-enabled special effects. In fact, some version of green screen technology, also known as “chroma keying,” has been around since the early days of film. The reason why screens are green is actually pretty simple — human skin is not green. When a camera analyzes chrominance, or color information, it can easily separate green (or blue) from the rest of the shot so that a video backdrop can be inserted.
However, the technology isn’t foolproof, as green clothes can blend in with backgrounds. (That’s why meteorologists don’t wear green on St. Patrick’s Day.) Because of this deficiency, among other reasons, some productions are shifting to high-tech LED panels to recreate otherworldly locations.
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The Color Green May Have Killed Napoleon Bonaparte
In 1775, German Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele made a green-hued pigment that eventually bore his name — Scheele’s green. Unfortunately, the pigment was extremely dangerous, since it was made with arsenic. However, its rich hue ignited a craze for green, and the pigment was used in wallpaper, clothing, and even children’s toys. In fact, some historians believe that Napoleon Bonaparte died from the Scheele’s green pigment embedded in the wallpaper of his bedroom on the island of St. Helena.
However, that wasn’t the end of green’s deadly reputation. Decades later, impressionist painters — such as Paul Cézanne and Claude Monet — used a green pigment called Paris green that was highly toxic, if less dangerous than Scheele’s green. Experts suggest that the chemical could have contributed to Cézanne’s diabetes and Monet’s blindness.
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No One Is Sure Why the Backstage Room Is Called a “Green Room”
One early reference to a “green room” in the sense of a waiting room appears in The Diary of Samuel Pepys, the famed journal kept by a civil servant in 1660s London. Pepys mentions a “green room” when going to meet the royal family — likely a reference to the color of the walls. A “green room” was then tied to the theater in English playwright Thomas Shadwell’s 1678 comedy A True Widow, which includes the line: “Selfish, this Evening, in a green Room, behind the Scenes.” However, Shadwell doesn’t mention why it was called a green room. One notable London theater did have a dressing room covered in green fabric, but other theories behind the term reference actors going “green” because of nervousness, amateur or young (aka “green”) actors, or a place where early actors literally waited “on the green” lawns of outdoor theaters — among many other ideas. It’s possible we’ll never know the origin of the phrase for sure.
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Some are just worth repeating…skip
Thanks to Bruddah .... AND Dr. Rich
This is awesome!!
WWII Veteran In Court ...
This is a delightful, heartwarming dialogue between a (great!) WW II veteran and a (great!) courtroom judge. A short video that is especially memorable.
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These are good. Especially the Combat Nap
Thanks to American Facts
A Better Rest Makes For A Better Life: 12 Simple Tips For A Great Sleep
We spend a third of our lives sleeping, and the quality of our sleep determines the quality of the time we spend awake. Thankfully, there are a handful of simple things that we can do to improve our resting hours. Do you follow any of these?
I try to follow most of these….skip
Sleep routine
Your body is a routine animal. If you eat at a certain time, you’ll probably feel hungry around that same time the next day. If you go to sleep at a certain hour, you’ll likely feel sleepy at that same hour the next day.
Use this to your advantage by sticking to a consistent sleep schedule, both for going to bed and for waking up. If you do this consistently, your body will embrace this routine, and it will start to come naturally.
Food and drinks
Avoid going to bed shortly after a large meal. Your digestive system will stay active for a long period of time potentially keeping you awake until it finishes processing the food and drink you've consumed.
The same goes for alcohol: while it might make you feel drowsy at first, it can disrupt your sleep later in the night.
Create a good sleeping environment
A dark, quiet, and cool bedroom makes for a good sleeping environment. Your senses will continue capturing and processing any light or sound present in your bedroom, which is why it is important to minimize these distractions as much as possible.
Avoid long naps
This one is quite straightforward: your body only requires a certain amount of sleep, and if you use up a large portion of it during the day, you may find yourself staying awake longer at night. While a short, 20-minute nap during the day can help restore your energy, a longer rest period will subtract from your nighttime sleep.
Physical activity
Regular physical activity and spending time outside every day are great ways to promote better sleep at night. However, it’s important to avoid physical exercise if you are too close to your bedtime to avoid overstimulation.
Avoid going to bed with worries
Whatever worries you may have in your life, try to avoid thinking about them while you're trying to sleep. Stressful thoughts can delay sleep and create anxiety, leading to less-than-optimal rest. Instead, write down any issues you need to deal with and save them for the next day.
Light exposure
Spending time in natural sunlight or bright light during the day can help keep your circadian rhythm healthy and, in turn, improve your daytime energy and enhance the quality and duration of your sleep at night.
In contrast, avoid exposure to screens for at least half an hour before going to bed. Nighttime light exposure can have the opposite effect from daytime exposure because it reduces your levels of melatonin, which helps you relax and get deep sleep.
No alcohol before bedtime
As mentioned earlier, drinking alcohol before bedtime is not recommended. Alcohol can cause or worsen symptoms of sleep apnea, increase snoring, and disrupt normal sleep patterns. It also alters nighttime melatonin production, which plays a key role in regulating your body’s circadian rhythm.
A good bed and pillow
Poor-quality bedding can lead to increased lower back pain, making it harder to sleep well. Firm and medium-firm mattresses are available at different price ranges and can be a good choice for comfort and to avoid back pain.
Pillows should not cause neck pain, either. Find a pillow that isn’t too high and offers comfort for your sleep style. It will make for a better rest, and your body will thank you in the morning.
No liquids right before bed
There’s nothing wrong with being hydrated during your sleep time, but having to get up in the middle of the night to go to the bathroom is not great. If this happens repeatedly, it can negatively affect your sleep quality and daytime energy.
To minimize interruptions, try reducing your fluid intake in the last hour before bed. This can help lower the chances of waking up during the night.
Good sleeping temperature
One way to guarantee uncomfortable sleep is a bedroom that’s either too cold or too hot. The ideal temperature can vary based on the individual, but most research suggests that sleeping in a cooler room—around 65 to 68 degrees—is optimal.
At least seven hours of sleep
Each age group requires a different amount of sleep each night, but for most people, seven hours is the bare minimum to ensure proper rest. If you have a specific wake-up time, calculate a target bedtime that allows for at least seven hours of sleep. Give yourself extra time before bed to wind down and prepare for sleep whenever possible.
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A little change of pace
Thanks to History Facts
Jefferson's Ice Cream Recipe
Thomas Jefferson’s complicated legacy encompasses his roles as an American founding father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and the third President of the United States. Jefferson was also an enthusiastic foodie, with a willingness to try new cuisine and an interest in kitchen gadgets. He particularly enjoyed ice cream, a dessert he likely encountered during his time in France from 1784 to 1789. And while Jefferson did not introduce the young United States to ice cream — the frozen treat was served in the American colonies as early as 1744 — he certainly helped popularize the dish, and he is the first known American to write down a recipe for it.
Jefferson’s ice cream recipe is one of only 10 surviving recipes in his handwriting. It’s unlikely that the President created the recipe himself; the original source was likely his French butler, Adrien Petit. Still, Jefferson was fond enough of the creamy dessert to write down the recipe and ship pewter ice molds back from France.While the founding father’s ice cream recipe is simple to make, the tools used in the early 19th century aren’t in common use today. For instance, the “sabottiere” ice cream maker (also spelled “sabotiere”) that Jefferson references was a lidded metal bucket within a larger wooden bucket. Today’s ice cream makers have similar components, but are easier, faster, and less laborious to use. Likewise, the ice cream molds that Jefferson had shipped from France are mostly obsolete today, replaced by silicone popsicle molds and pint- or quart-sized containers.The website for Jefferson’s Virginia home, Monticello, includes both Jefferson’s original ice cream recipe and an updated version by Jefferson historian Marie Kimball. To make Jefferson’s ice cream, my son and I stuck as close to the original recipe as possible, improvising when necessary. For instance, to bring the ice cream mixture to boiling, we used a large skillet on a gas stovetop rather than an open fire. And instead of straining it “thro’ a towel,” we used a metal sieve.Though the process took considerably longer than we expected — and longer than Jefferson himself suggested (see the note at the end of the article) — the end result was rich, creamy, and delicious!
If you want to try it
Jefferson's Ice Cream Recipe
2 bottles of good cream.
6 yolks of eggs.
1/2 lb. sugarmix the yolks & sugar
put the cream on a fire in a casserole, first putting in a stick of Vanilla.
when near boiling take it off & pour it gently into the mixture of eggs & sugar.
stir it well.
put it on the fire again stirring it thoroughly with a spoon to prevent it's sticking to the casserole.
when near boiling take it off and strain it thro' a towel.
put it in the Sabottiere
then set it in ice an hour before it is to be served. put into the ice a handful of salt.
put salt on the coverlid of the Sabotiere & cover the whole with ice.
leave it still half a quarter of an hour.
then turn the Sabottiere in the ice 10 minutes
open it to loosen with a spatula the ice from the inner sides of the Sabotiere.
shut it & replace it in the ice
open it from time to time to detach the ice from the sides
when well taken (prise) stir it well with the Spatula.
put it in moulds, justling it well down on the knee.
then put the mould into the same bucket of ice.
leave it there to the moment of serving it.
to withdraw it, immerse the mould in warm water, turning it well till it will come out & turn it into a plate.
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I have seen the pictures taken by Harry and been a friend of Jerry Tucker for many years…skip
Thanks to Shadow ... and Dr.Rich
https://youtube.com/shorts/NtnKq3RUZyc?feature=share
Gents,
Got this YouTube (see above) interview with Jerry Tucker this A.M. from a Bubba down in Brazil of all places. After I watched It, I thought I’d fill you in on the rest of the story (think I actually sent something out on it years ago through Dutch)… never the less, Tucker’s interview lends more credence to the story.
Harry Gann was a dear friend and inspiration in my life. We first met through a series of coincidences when I was TAD to the OSO Office in San Diego. I was tasked with setting up a recruiting booth at the Del Mar, Southern California Expo and Fair in San Diego; trying to sign up some future Marine Aviators. The OSO Office had very little in the way of handouts and recruiting paraphernalia for give aways. They dumped the whole thing in my lap and left me to my own devices. I knew we needed something to grab folks attention… so I contacted Red Coath at Flight Test, North Island. I’d been introduced to Red by Mike “Lancer” Sullivan. I figured Red knew his way around NavAir well enough to tell me how to go about getting some goodies for display and hand outs for the Expo. Red suggested I call Buddy Gilman at McDonell-Douglas, up at Long Beach and gave me his number. Buddy was very congenial and invited me to come up to Long Beach and they’d see what they could do to help. I rented a plane and flew up there with two of the OSO Staff. Buddy was most helpful and gave us all kinds of calendars, handouts and info on MacD aircraft, including two giant models of an F-4J and A-4M… plus some desk models. And then he introduced me to Harry Gann. It was the beginning of a life long friendship.
As we got to know each other better, I became aware that Harry, on occasion had flown with some squadrons (Reserves)… but it was a convoluted process to get permission, on a case by case basis. One day I set out to find a way to get Harry “Blanket” approval to fly on a local basis, instead of having to go to NavAir on every request. I was young, dumb and too stupid to accept… “It can’t be done, don’t even try”. So I got into the minutia of the Regs and found a way and with Buddy Gilman’s help... within six months we got the Blanket permission and approval... after Harry went through water survival, pressure chamber, physical, etc. Once that was done… It was “Game On”… for Harry and before it was over he flew with just about every Navy and Marine squadron on the West Coast, plus some on the East Coast… and especially "The Blue Angels”!
When the Blues switched from the F-4 to the A-4… Harry got even more involved and through him and Buddy Gilman… they became a back channel support team in getting things done for the Blues, “off the Books”. MacD ate a lot of the mods on the Blue’s aircraft at no charge. "Good comes to Good”. Harry used to go down to El Centro and fly with the Blues and I got to fly him on MAG-11 flights. We worked well as a team and I enjoyed showing Harry “different looks” of airplanes in flight that the layman would be unfamiliar with. We made a good team. There came a time when Harry came back from one of the Winter Practice sessions and was excited that the Blues were going to introduce a dirty roll on takeoff by one of the solo pilots (That’d be Tucker)… Harry said it was really neat! As luck would have it… one of the early shows that year on the West Coast was at El Toro. Harry was telling me, “Wait until you see that dirty roll on takeoff”. After we hung up… I got to thinking (and that’s what often got me in trouble). I’d seen a a photo by some British photographer of a head on shot of an inverted jet that looked really neat and told Harry about it. I was thinking a picture of the A-4 inverted, dirty and in the background you could tell the aircraft was very low… would make a good shot. Then I got the bright idea that if I could get Harry out on the departure end of the runway, he’s have a chance to get the photo. I also knew his best chance would be during the practice show because there wouldn’t be a hundred thousand people milling around. Now I’d already taken Harry out by the runway in Yuma to get some neat photos… but El Toro was a different kettle of fish… lots more heavies present and they weren’t nearly as flexible. So I went down to base Ops the day before and explained what we wanted to do… my good luck was the CDO for the practice show was a friend and agreed to let Harry go out there, but no body else. I know Tucker said the Blues PAO photog was out there too… but that’s not the way I remember it. As they set up for the show; myself, Harry and the CDO drove out in a Follow Me truck and we dropped Harry off at where we thought would be a good spot. He warned Harry not to set foot on the runway, but he could stand on the tarmac edge, which was asphalt. We drove back to Base Ops and he suggested that he and I go up on the roof to watch the show. When we got up there we found out there were about 15 others who had the same idea.
Then the show began… we could see the solo getting ready to take off and I moved close to the edge of the roof to watch and here he comes… he held it down to gain some extra speed and the nose pitched up and then he starts a slow smooth roll… and as he came over the top I saw the nose start down and my heart went up in my throat! Holy Shit! He’s not gonna make it! And then I looked at Harry and realized he was totally focused on taking the pictures and oblivious that the airplane was too nose low to fully recover. My next thought was… this is gonna be ugly and Stafford... you be in a heap of trouble boy. And then I was totally focused on Harry as the A-4 seemed to have him bore sighted! My head is saying… "Get outta there Harry”! And my heart was pounding. Finally the plane seemed to roll a bit faster and I saw the nose started a pitch up!
At the last second… two things happened…. Harry finally realized he was in peril and literally dove off the tarmac, into the dirt as the A-4 hit the runway on his main gear and leaped back into the air! Geezus it was close! Around me a bunch of pilots were screaming… “Shit Hot!… A dirty roll to a touch and go! Can you believe that shit… Cool, Shit Hot”! And I’m thinking… "Thank you God”!
Now over the years and decades, I’ve probably told the story a hundred times… but honestly, I didn’t know who the pilot was until I got this YouTube this morning… but now I wonder… "Who came closest to pooping in their pants… Me, Harry or Tucker”? Guess we’ll never know.
Shadow
From Skip..I know it was not Jerry..His heart rate probably did not even go up
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Thanks to Denis and Barrell
, I toured the 777 Factory in Everett; my son joined their team a few weeks ago. He had to apply for tour tickets and no phones, cameras, binoculars, laptops, tablets, radios, were allowed and people were checked. Banks of digital lockers were provided for visitors to deposit anything which could be used to gather intelligence. The building is the largest in the world in terms of cubic feet inside; it makes it's own weather. The engine on a 777 is bigger in diameter than the fuselage of a 737. Boeing offers employees up to 40,000 bucks reimbursement for getting a pilot's license and my son will take them up on it. He designs the 40 ton trolley cranes which move the bolt together parts of the fuselage of the triple seven which are all computer controlled. Planes are painted custom colors/logos and they are beautiful new toys.
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Thanks to Nice News
Nice News
EXCLUSIVE, HEALTH
•
5 MIN. READ
Looking for a Mood Boost? A Few Minutes of Exercise Are All You Need — Here Are 6 Ideas to Inspire You
ZORICA NASTASIC/ISTOCK
STEPHANIE BAXTER
06.27.26
If you have time to make a coffee or scroll through Instagram, you have time to complete a mood-boosting workout. Lifestyle conflicts and lack of time are two of the top reasons Americans don’t stick to their fitness goals, according to a 2025 survey. But not every exercise routine needs to involve an hour at the gym or a rigorous run — in fact, if you’re looking to lift your spirits, just five minutes of activity might be enough.
To dig into the details, we picked the brain of Jennifer Fidder, certified personal trainer and owner of Jennifer Fidder Coaching LLC. “In the short term, just a few minutes of exercise can improve mood, reduce anxiety, and minimize stress for hours after the workout,” Fidder told Nice News.
Read on to discover more about the mood-lifting benefits of short-term exercise — and learn a few quick workouts to try while you’re at it.
How Mere Minutes Can Boost Your Mood
Even the shortest, simplest of workouts can have positive effects: A study out of Columbia University found that walking for one or five minutes after sitting for 30-minute intervals, and five minutes after hour-long intervals, significantly improved participants’ moods and reduced their fatigue. And in a small study involving kids, just 3.5 minutes of exercise was enough to lift spirits.
For those who like to get their heart pumping, research from 2019 showed that replacing 15 minutes of sitting with running reduced depression risk by 26%. “What our study would say is that any kind of movement can add up to keep depression at bay,” study author Karmel Choi told Harvard Health Publishing. “I think that’s why our study findings were especially appealing. It didn’t say you have to run a marathon, do hours of aerobics, or be a CrossFit master just to see benefits on depression.”
In fact, the Anxiety & Depression Association of America noted that regularly engaging in around five minutes of aerobic exercise can spark anti-anxiety effects. Want to take it a step further? A 2025 review identified moderately intense workouts lasting 10 to 30 minutes as the most effective type for lifting the spirits of young people.
FRAZAO STUDIO LATINO/ISTOCK
Fidder confirmed that exercising for less than half an hour can offer major pros: “While I found with my own clients that even five minutes of moderate activity of nearly any kind (brisk walking, dancing, aerobics, etc.) is often enough to create a mood-boosting effect, we usually say 10-20 minutes is the sweet spot for longer-lasting effects, including reduced anxiety and better mood.”
And for those dealing with depression, completing lower-intensity routines may seem more doable. While high-intensity exercise is valuable, it’s “often cognitively more demanding as well, which might be challenging for people who feel depressed,” Fidder added. “Low and moderate-intensity workouts of any kind are easier to adhere to.”
Super-Short Workouts Are Good for the Body, Too
It’s worth noting that, along with the mental health benefits, super-short bursts of activity can have a sizable effect on our physical well-being. “Exercise snacks” — defined as bouts lasting five minutes or less, completed at least twice daily for a minimum of three times a week — have been found to significantly improve cardiorespiratory fitness for adults. Walking for as little as two minutes after eating a meal may also lower your blood sugar, according to one meta-analysis.
VIOLETASTOIMENOVA/ISTOCK
Plus, you may not even have to set aside any time for exercise in order to reap its benefits. Performing just a couple minutes of your daily activities with a little extra vigor (officially called vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity, or VILPA) has been determined to reduce premature death from any cause and lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. Simple tasks like carrying grocery bags, climbing stairs, and playing with children and pets all qualify.
Quick Routines to Try
Take a short walk outside: Combine the benefits of walking with the mood-elevating effects of getting outside, even if you’re just strolling around your neighborhood. Bonus points if you incorporate a challenge like Nordic walking.
Dance to your favorite song (or two): Why not make your cardio as fun as possible? Dancing is a natural stress reliever, and if you’re inclined to sing along as well, you may reap even more well-being benefits. Here are a few moves to kick your heart rate up a notch.
Follow a quick online yoga video: Yoga may increase levels of a brain chemical called γ-Aminobutyric acid, which can elevate your mood and lower your anxiety. Try these videos, all under 10 minutes, to get your flow on.
Climb some stairs: If you don’t live or work in a multistory building, take advantage of staircases in public spaces like parks, parking garages, and libraries — and whenever you have the option to take an elevator or escalator versus the stairs, choose the stairs.
Lift some weights: Weight lifting can strengthen your bones, reduce cholesterol, and decrease your risk of premature death. It’s an important part of an exercise routine at any age. This 10-minute workout for beginners is a great way to get started.
Engage in VILPA: Along with the examples listed above, incorporate a little extra vigorous activity into your day by running to catch the bus or train, power cleaning your house, opting to walk uphill when outside, or parking at the far end of the lot so that you spend more time walking.
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Thanks to Brett
Geopolitical Futures
America Between an Ally and an Adversary
The military campaign against Iran demonstrated the depth of U.S.-Israel cooperation; the diplomacy that followed revealed its limits.
By: Kamran Bokhari
One of Washington’s biggest strategic challenges in the Middle East is how to reach a lasting accommodation with Iran without compromising Israeli security. It must, in other words, balance engagement with a long-standing adversary against its commitments to its closest regional ally. Although Iran has emerged from the recent conflict significantly weakened, there is little reason to believe the regime will significantly change its ideological orientation or regional ambitions. So even if Tehran is prevented from acquiring nuclear weapons, Iran is likely to remain a disruptive actor that will have greater access to the resources it needs to project power in the region.
Since the end of the Cold War, U.S. and Israeli governments have frequently disagreed behind closed doors, but it is rare for a U.S. vice president to publicly rebuke senior members of the Israeli Cabinet. At a White House briefing on June 18, JD Vance did just that, admonishing Israeli critics of U.S. diplomacy, saying, “If I was anywhere left in the entire world." His comments reflect a growing frustration within the Trump administration over Israeli behavior and underscore Washington's belief that U.S. political and military support gives it significant leverage over Israel. And it suggests the administration is prepared to use that leverage to protect negotiations with Iran and compel greater Israeli accommodation.
The friction is amplified by the fact that the U.S. and Israel are not merely close allies; they have recently fought side by side against Iran. Although the 12-day war last June was formally an Israeli military operation, it was conducted in close coordination with Washington, culminating in U.S. B-2 strikes against three key Iranian nuclear facilities. The 39-day conflict that began on Feb. 28 further deepened operational cooperation, creating the appearance of unprecedented strategic alignment between the two governments. That there are tensions surfacing so soon after a successful joint military campaign underscores the extent to which the two sides diverge not over the threat posed by Iran but over how to manage the region afterward.
Indeed, military coordination has yet to translate into diplomatic coordination. While Israel was apprised of the U.S.-Iran talks that ultimately produced the April 8 ceasefire, Washington conducted the negotiations through Pakistani mediation. Israel was absent from these talks despite bearing much of the cost and risk of the war. The result was a predictable source of tension; Israel’s security concerns did not always align with Washington’s broader objective of stabilizing the region through a diplomatic accommodation with Tehran.
Even so, the tensions are unlikely to have caught Israeli leaders by surprise. Israel has long understood that despite the deep convergence of U.S. and Israeli interests in countering Iran, they see the endgame differently. For many in Israel, the ideal outcome of the campaign was regime change. For Washington, it was merely a means to create leverage for a negotiated settlement. The disagreements therefore reflect not a breakdown in the alliance but the reemergence of a strategic divergence temporarily papered over by the exigencies of war.
It’s little surprise, then, that the ceasefire wouldn't last; it left in place a regime in Tehran that remained intact and increasingly dominated by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. Israeli strategic thinking has long held that even if diplomacy advanced in Washington, the internal balance of power in Iran, particularly amid leadership uncertainty and competing centers of authority, would prevent Iran from yielding to American demands. The logic was that infighting would make it difficult for Iran to compromise with the United States. In this view, recurring ceasefire violations are not anomalous.
Against this backdrop, Israel has been closely observing a diplomatic process that has advanced unevenly. It has increasingly shifted its operational focus toward Lebanon, where Hezbollah represents a more immediate and actionable threat to Israeli security. Unlike in Iran, where Israel relies heavily on U.S. military power and diplomatic alignment, Israel believes it can act more independently and decisively. This strategic split has heightened Israeli concerns that any Iranian financial relief under a U.S.-Iran nuclear arrangement would be used to quickly rebuild Hezbollah – a fear reinforced by Tehran’s repeated calls for Washington to restrain Israeli operations in Lebanon.
America’s objective in Lebanon is the gradual disarmament and strategic containment of Hezbollah as a state within a state. The Trump administration has sought to exploit a rare convergence of pressures – the weakening of Hezbollah through sustained Israeli operations, especially in 2024, the collapse of the Assad regime in Syria, and the broader degradation of Iran’s domestic and regional positions – to advance this goal. However, turning battlefield gains into political ones depends on strengthening Lebanese state institutions, particularly the Lebanese Armed Forces, so they can progressively assert sovereignty over armed actors.
Two factors complicate U.S. efforts to translate this strategy into reality. First, it requires Iran to encourage Hezbollah to become a purely political actor – something Tehran does not appear willing to do in the near term. Even if Iran were to consider it, it would likely insist on preserving Hezbollah’s strategic influence within Lebanon, ensuring that its political integration gives it leverage over the Lebanese state. Second, Tehran’s immediate priority is halting Israeli strikes against its premier proxy. This puts the U.S. in the position of needing Israel’s cooperation to sustain any broader diplomatic equilibrium.
Israel thus faces a dilemma. There is no assurance that diplomatic efforts will ultimately succeed in constraining Iran or fundamentally altering Hezbollah’s capabilities, even if negotiations temporarily reduce tensions. At the same time, Israeli planners believe their window will close if Iran rebounds from an agreement that gives it money and sanctions relief. As a result, Israel may calibrate its operations, pausing or limiting strikes in response to U.S. pressure, but is unlikely to accept a lasting peace so long as Hezbollah maintains its military capacity.
At its core, the emerging U.S.-Israel friction reflects the challenge of reconciling two fundamentally different approaches to managing the Iranian problem. Washington seeks to use military gains to create a diplomatic framework that constrains Iran while stabilizing the region, whereas Israel remains skeptical that an ideologically driven regime can be durably moderated through negotiation. The resulting tension is not simply about Lebanon, Hezbollah or even the details of a nuclear agreement; it is about whether Iran can be incorporated into a new regional order or whether it must continue to be contained through sustained coercion. As the United States pursues accommodation and Israel prepares for the possibility that it fails, managing the divergence between these two strategies may prove as difficult as managing Iran itself.
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From Pickett’s Charge to Roosevelt’s Rough Riders by W. Thomas Smith Jr.
06/29/2010
This Week in American Military History
June 28, 1776: In what has been described as the “first decisive victory of American forces over the British Navy” during the American Revolution, the garrison at Fort Sullivan, S.C. (today Fort Moultrie on Sullivan’s Island in Charleston harbor) under the command of militia Col. William Moultrie repulse Royal Navy forces under the command of Admiral Sir Peter Parker.
The 12-plus hour battle begins around 9 a.m. when Parker’s ships open fire on the fort: many of the British shells sinking harmlessly into the soft palmetto logs of which the fort is constructed. The ships, on the other hand, (some of which run aground on the harbor’s shoals) are constructed of oak, which Moultrie’s artillerists quickly shatter sending deadly splinters into the unfortunate British crews.
Moultrie is destined to become a Maj. Gen. in the Continental Army and a S.C. governor. And S.C. will forever be known as “the Palmetto State.”
(AUTHOR NOTE: My five-times great grandfather, Capt. Thomas Woodward – commanding a company of S.C. Rangers on Moultrie's extreme left – helps thwart an attempt by Royal Marines to land on the island.) June 28, 1778: The Battle of Monmouth, N.J. is fought between Gen. George Washington's Continental Army (including the legendary Molly Pitcher) and British forces under Gen. Sir Henry Clinton. Though tactically inconclusive, the battle is a strategic victory for the Americans who prove they can go toe-to-toe with the British Army in a large pitched battle.
July 1, 1898: U.S. Army Lt. Col. (future U.S. pres.) Theodore Roosevelt leads several of his “Rough Riders” – a crack regiment of U.S. cavalry troopers during the Spanish American War – in the famous charge up San Juan Hill, Cuba.
For his actions, Roosevelt will receive the Medal of Honor. A portion of his citation reads: “Lieutenant Colonel Roosevelt, in total disregard for his personal safety, and accompanied by only four or five men, led a desperate and gallant charge up San Juan Hill, encouraging his troops to continue the assault through withering enemy fire over open countryside.
Facing the enemy's heavy fire, he displayed extraordinary bravery throughout the charge, and was the first to reach the enemy trenches, where he quickly killed one of the enemy with his pistol, allowing his men to continue the assault.”
July 3, 1863: Day-three of the Battle of Gettysburg: Confederate Maj. Gen.
George Pickett leads his ill-fated division against Union Army forces under the command of Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock positioned on Cemetery Ridge.
Said to be “the highwater mark of the Confederacy,” Pickett’s charge will fail.
Gen. Robert E. Lee – commanding general of the Army of Northern Virginia – had ordered the charge. Lee’s subordinate (corps) commander, Lt. Gen. James Longstreet, had argued against such a charge. But following Lee’s orders, Longstreet directed Pickett to attack.
Years later, Pickett will be asked why his attack failed. His reply: “I've always thought the Yankees had something to do with it.”
Nobel prize-winning author William Faulkner will write, “For every Southern boy fourteen years old, not once but whenever he wants it, there is the instant when it's still not yet two o’clock on that July afternoon in 1863, the brigades are in position behind the rail fence, the guns are laid and ready in the woods and the furled flags are already loosened to break out and Pickett himself with his long oiled ringlets and his hat in one hand probably and his sword in the other looking up the hill waiting for Longstreet to give the word and it’s all in the balance, it hasn't happened yet, it hasn’t even begun yet, it not only hasn’t begun yet but there is still time for it not to begin against that position… .”
July 4, 1776: The American colonies – already at war with Great Britain – declare their independence.
July 4, 1802: The U.S. Military Academy at West Point opens its doors.
July 4, 1863: The Confederate city of Vicksburg, Mississippi falls to Union Army forces under the command of Maj. Gen. (future U.S. pres.) Ulysses S. Grant. It will be decades before the city celebrates the 4th of July again.
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This Day in U S Military History…….June 28
1914 – Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia, while riding in an Austro-Daimler that was chauffeured by Otto Merz, a Mercedes team driver. The assassination resulted in the outbreak of World War I. The archduke and his wife, Sophie, rode into Sarajevo in a motorcade consisting of four cars; the royals occupied the second. On the way to the City Hall as they crossed the Milijacka River at Cumuria Bridge, Serbian nationalist Nedjelko Cabrinovic threw a bomb at the Daimler carrying the archduke and his wife. Franz Ferdinand managed to deflect the bomb onto the street. About a dozen people, including Sophie, who was hit in the face with shrapnel, suffered injuries, but no one was killed. The assassin swallowed a cyanide pill and jumped off the bridge. Unfortunately, he coughed up the pill and landed in only a foot of water. He was taken into custody. The first two cars of the motorcade continued on their way to the Sarajevo City Hall. Upon his arrival at the welcome ceremony, Franz Ferdinand interrupted the mayor’s speech, seizing him by the arm and crying, “One comes here to visit and is received with bombs. Mr. Mayor, what do you say?” He later calmed down and finished his own speech with a reaffirming pledge of his regard for the people of Sarajevo. After the speech, Franz Ferdinand ordered his chauffeur to carry him to the hospital to visit the victims of the bomb; Sophie accompanied him. Their driver took a wrong turn after crossing the Imperial Bridge and the car ended up on a street named after Franz Ferdinand’s father, Franz Josef. Noticing his mistake, the driver applied the brakes and the car came to a halt a foot short of another Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip. Princip fired his pistol into the car, striking the archduke in the neck and his wife in the stomach. In shock and unaware that she had been wounded, Sophie cried to her husband, “For heaven’s sake, what’s happened to you?” Franz Ferdinand keeled over whispering “Es ist nichts, Es ist nichts…” A lengthy investigation into the conspiracy failed to prove any complicity in the plot on the part of the Serbian government. Nevertheless, the Austrians sent their army into Serbia and World War I was born.
1935 – FDR ordered a federal gold vault to be built at Fort Knox, Kentucky.
1944 – In the Cotentin Peninsula, American forces of US 1st Army prepare to eliminate German resistance in the direction of Cap de la Hague. The forces of British 2nd Army cross the Odon River on a 2 mile front near Mondrainville.
1945 – General MacArthur announces that the operations on Luzon are complete. It has been 5 months and 19 days since the American invasion began. An estimated 11,000 Japanese troops remain isolated in the Sierra Madre mountains and another 12,000 are trapped in the Kiangan-Bontoc (or Ifugao-Bontoc) area. The US 8th Army is assigned the task of mopping up on Luzon while the US 6th Army is reorganized for the invasion of Japan (Operation Olympic). Much of the mopping-up will be left to Filipino units. On Mindanao, mopping up operations continue.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
HATHAWAY, EDWARD W.
Rank and organization: Seaman, U.S. Navy. Entered service at: Plymouth, Mass. Born: 9 July 1838, Plymouth, Mass. Citation: On board the U.S.S. Sciota prior to the battle Vicksburg, on 28 June 1862. Struck by a bullet which severed his left arm above the elbow, Hathaway displayed exceptional courage as his ship sustained numerous damaging hits from stem to stern while proceeding down the river to fight the battle of Vicksburg.
ANDERSON, WILLIAM
Rank and organization: Coxswain, U.S. Navy. Born: 1852, Sweden. Accredited to: New York. Citation: On board the U.S.S. Powhatan, 28 June 1878. Acting courageously, Anderson rescued from drowning W. H. Moffatt, first class boy.
*SANTIAGO-COLON, HECTOR
Rank and organization: Specialist Fourth Class, U.S. Army, Company B, 5th Battalion, 7th Cavalry, 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile). Place and date: Quang Tri Province, Republic of Vietnam, 28 June 1968. Entered service at: New York, N.Y. Born: 20 December 1942, Salinas, Puerto Rico. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Sp4c. Santiago-Colon distinguished himself at the cost of his life while serving as a gunner in the mortar platoon of Company B. While serving as a perimeter sentry, Sp4c. Santiago-Colon heard distinct movement in the heavily wooded area to his front and flanks. Immediately he alerted his fellow sentries in the area to move to their foxholes and remain alert for any enemy probing forces. From the wooded area around his position heavy enemy automatic weapons and small-arms fire suddenly broke out, but extreme darkness rendered difficult the precise location and identification of the hostile force. Only the muzzle flashes from enemy weapons indicated their position. Sp4c. Santiago-Colon and the other members of his position immediately began to repel the attackers, utilizing hand grenades, antipersonnel mines and small-arms fire. Due to the heavy volume of enemy fire and exploding grenades around them, a North Vietnamese soldier was able to crawl, undetected, to their position. Suddenly, the enemy soldier lobbed a hand grenade into Sp4c. Santiago-Colon’s foxhole. Realizing that there was no time to throw the grenade out of his position, Sp4c. Santiago-Colon retrieved the grenade, tucked it in to his stomach and, turning away from his comrades, absorbed the full impact of the blast. His heroic self-sacrifice saved the lives of those who occupied the foxhole with him, and provided them with the inspiration to continue fighting until they had forced the enemy to retreat from the perimeter. By his gallantry at the cost of his life and in the highest traditions of the military service, Sp4c. Santiago-Colon has reflected great credit upon himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for June 28 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD “PHIL” MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
28 June
1917: Langley Field authorized as an experimental air station. (24) 1924: Lt John A. Macready, flying a Curtiss bomber, set FAI records for altitude (16,732 feet) and duration (2 hours 13 minutes 49.6 seconds) with payloads of 2,204.6 and 3,306.9 pounds.
1927: MACKAY TROPHY/DISTINGUISHED FLYING CROSS. Lts Lester J. Maitland and Albert F. Hegenberger flew a Fokker C-2, powered by three Wright 220 HP engines, the “Bird of Paradise,” on the first nonstop flight from Oakland to Wheeler Field, Honolulu. They flew 2,407 miles in 25 hours 50 minutes by using the directional beacons of San Francisco and Maui. They received the Mackay Trophy for 1927 and a DFC. (9)
1934: The Army awarded a contract to Boeing Aircraft Company to design the B-17. (12)
1946: The first V-2 rocket, with instruments for upper air research, launched to an altitude of 67 miles from White Sands Proving Ground. (24)
1950: KOREAN WAR. FEAF launched its first successful airstrike as more than 20 B-26s from the 3 BG bombed the Munsan rail yards near the 38th parallel and the rail and road traffic between Seoul and North Korean border. One B-26, heavily damaged by enemy antiaircraft fire, crashed on its return to Ashiya AB, killing all aboard. (21) KOREAN WAR. Flying from Kadena AB, the 19 BG made the first B-29 medium bomber strikes of the Korean War by attacking a railroad bridge and tanks, trucks, and supply columns along North Korean invasion routes. Bad weather over Japan limited Fifth Air Force sorties, but 18 fighters flew close air support and interdiction missions. More than 30 F-80s from Itazuke escorted C-54s and B-26s flying between Japan and Suwon. 1Lt Bryce Poe II, in an RF-80A, flew the USAF’s first jet combat reconnaissance mission, photographing the North Korean advance. C-54s and C-47s flew out the last of 851 U.S. citizens evacuated by air from South Korea. FEAF transports airlifted 150 tons of ammunition from Tachikawa AB to Suwon, about twenty miles south of Seoul. (28)
1954: The Douglas RB-66A made its first flight. The Air Force accepted this plane earlier in June, but it did not take possession of the plane pending the correction of obvious defects. None of the five RB-66As ever joined the combat air forces. (31)
1957: PROJECT FAR SIDE. The first phase of this project ended when the world’s largest balloon lifted a load of military equipment and instruments weighing almost two tons above 104,000 feet. This flight was part of a series of tests to reach extreme altitudes using the “Rockoon” concept--hanging a 4-stage sounding rocket under a balloon and launching it from atitudes above 100,000 feet. The 4-stage vehicle included two Recruit and two Arrow II rockets. The vehicles reached 4,000 miles in the tests. (24) The 93 AREFS at Castle AFB received SAC’s first KC-135A Stratotanker, “The City of Renton” (SN 55-3127). (1)
1964: The rebuilt X-15A-2 first flew.
1965: NASA confirmed the selection of Owen K. Garriott, Edward G. Gibson, Duane E. Graveline, Lt Cmdr Joseph P. Kerwin (USN) Frank Curtis Michel, and Harrison Schmitt as science astronauts for the Apollo program. Telephone calls between President Johnson and European leaders via the Early Bird I communications satellite began commercial satellite service between the US and Europe.
1974: Dr. Vannevar Bush, who guided US scientific effort during World War II and helped usher in the atomic age, died in Massachusetts at the age of 84.
1978: A B-1 launched the first live SRAM over the White Sands Missile Range. (12)
1994: McDonnell Douglas delivered the final nine F-15s to the Air Force. (27)
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