TheList 5893

The List 5893     TGB  

 

Good Friday Morning October 29

 

I hope that you have all had a great week

 

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Today in Naval and Marine Corps History

 

October 29

 

1814—The first steam-powered U.S. Navy warship, Fulton, launches at New York City. Commissioned in June 1816, she carries President James Monroe on a day cruise in New York Harbor a year later.

 

1942—PBY-5 Catalinas from Patrol Squadron (VP) 11 sink Japanese submarine I 172.

 

1956—The 6th Fleet is ordered to evacuate U.S. nationals during the Suez Canal Crisis. Some of the ships involved are USS Coral Sea (CVA 43), USS Randolph (CVA 15), USS Antietam (CVA 36), and a series of support vessels. By Nov. 3, approximately 2,000 people are evacuated.

 

1980—USS Parsons (DDG 33) rescues 110 Vietnamese refugees 330 miles south of Saigon.

 

1989—A developmental prototype of the advanced capability version of the EA‑6B Prowler makes its first flight.

 

2002—Commander Central Command Gen. Tommy R. Franks, USA, announces the impending deployment of 700 to 800 Marines to Djibouti as part of Combined Joint Task Force–Horn of Africa.

2011—Virginia-class submarine USS California (SSN 781) is commissioned at Norfolk, VA.

 

 

Thanks to CHINFO

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Executive Summary:

•           Trade press outlets highlighted A/ASN(RD&A) Jay Stefany's HASC testimony on SIOP.

•           Miami Herald profiled outgoing SOUTHCOM commander Adm. Craig Faller.

•           Navy Times reported on the seizure of $20 million in cocaine by USS Sioux City (LCS 11)

•           National and trade press covered remarks from VCJCS Gen. John Hyten during a Defense Writers Group roundtable.

 

 

This Day in History

October 29

1618		Sir Walter Raleigh is executed. After the death of Queen Elizabeth, Raleigh's enemies spread rumors that he was opposed to the accession of King James.
1787		Mozart's opera Don Giovanni opens in Prague.
1814		The Demologos, the first steam-powered warship, launched in New York City.
1901		Leon Czolgosz is electrocuted for the assassination of US President William McKinley. Czolgosz, an anarchist, shot McKinley on September 6 during a public reception at the Temple of Music in Buffalo, N.Y. Despite early hopes of recovery, McKinley died September 14, in Buffalo, NY.
1927		Russian archaeologist Peter Kozloff apparently uncovers the tomb of Genghis Khan in the Gobi Desert, a claim still in dispute.
1929		Black Tuesday--the most catastrophic day in stock market history, the herald of the Great Depression. 16 million shares were sold at declining prices. By mid-November $30 billion of the $80 billion worth of stocks listed in September will have been wiped out.
1945		The first ball-point pen goes is sold by Gimbell's department store in New York for a price of $12.
1949		Alonzo G. Moron of the Virgin Islands becomes the first African-American president of Hampton Institute, Hampton, Virginia.
1952		French forces launch Operation Lorraine against Viet Minh supply bases in Indochina.
1964		Thieves steal a jewel collection--including the world's largest sapphire, the 565-carat "Star of India," and the 100-carat DeLong ruby--from the Museum of Natural History in New York. The thieves were caught and most of the jewels recovered.
1969		The U.S. Supreme Court orders immediate desegregation, superseding the previous "with all deliberate speed" ruling.
1969		First computer-to-computer link; the link is accomplished through ARPANET, forerunner of the Internet.
1972		Palestinian guerrillas kill an airport employee and hijack a plane, carrying 27 passengers, to Cuba. They force West Germany to release 3 terrorists who were involved in the Munich Massacre.
1983		More than 500,000 people protest in The Hague, The Netherlands, against cruise missiles.
1986		The last stretch of Britain's M25 motorway opens.
1998		South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission reports condemns both sides on the Apartheid issue for committing atrocities.
1998		John Glenn, at age 77, becomes the oldest person to go into outer space. He is part of the crew of Space Shuttle Discovery, STS-95.
1998		The deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record up to that time, Hurricane Mitch, makes landfall in Honduras (in 2005 Hurricane Wilma surpassed it); nearly 11,000 people died and approximately the same number were missing.
2004		For the first time, Osama bin Laden admits direct responsibility for the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the US; his comments are part of a video broadcast by the Al Jazeera network.
2008		Delta and Northwest airlines merge, forming the world's largest airline.
2012		Hurricane Sandy devastates much of the East Coast of the US; nearly 300 die directly or indirectly from the storm.

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Thanks to Mike…and we are paying WHAT!!! PER GALLON RIGHT NOWa

 

 

IT IS MORE THAN UPSETTING TO KNOW HOW AND WHY WE ARE BEHOLDING TO THE MIDDLE EAST FOR OUR OIL.  WE WERE ENERGY INDEPENDENT UNTIL THIS YEAR, AND WE HAVEN'T EVEN TOUCHED THE OIL IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE USA !!  Read on.

 

 

 

OIL - You better be sitting down when you read this !!!!!!

Cruz Construction started a division in North Dakota just 6 months ago. They sent every Kenworth (9 trucks) they had in Alaska to North Dakota and Several drivers. They just bought two new Kenworth's to add to that fleet; one being a Tri  Drive tractor and a  new 65 ton lowboy to go with it.  They also bought two new cranes (one crawler & one rubber tired) for that Invasion.
 
Dave Cruz said they have moved more rigs in the last 6 months in ND than Cruz Construction moved in Alaska in the last 6 years.
 
Williston is like a gold rush town; they moved one of our 40 man camps down there since there are no rooms available.  Unemployment in ND is the lowest in the nation at 3.4 percent last I checked.  See anything in the national news about how the oil industry is fueling North Dakota's economy?
 
Here's an astonishing read. Important and verifiable information:
 
About 6 months ago, the writer was watching a news program on oil and one of The Forbes Bros. Was the guest.
 
The host said to Forbes, "I am going to ask you a direct question and I would like a direct answer; how much oil does the U.S. Have in the ground?"
Forbes did not miss a beat, he said, "More than all the Middle East put Together."   The U.S. Geological Service issued a report in April 2008 that only Scientists and oil men knew was coming, but man was it big.
 
It was a revised report (hadn't been updated since 1995) on how much oil was In this area of the western 2/3 of North Dakota, western South Dakota, and Extreme eastern Montana
 
Check THIS out:
 
The Bakken is the largest domestic oil discovery since Alaska's Prudhoe Bay, And has the potential to eliminate all American dependence on foreign oil. The Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates it at 503 billion barrels. Even if just 10% of the oil is recoverable (5 Billion barrels), at $107 a barrel.
 
We're looking at a resource base worth more than $5.3 trillion.
 
"When I first briefed legislators on this, you could practically see their Jaws hit the floor.  They had no idea.." says Terry Johnson, the Montana Legislature's financial analyzer.  "This sizable find is now the highest-producing onshore oil field found in The past 56 years," reports The Pittsburgh Post Gazette.
 
It's a formation known as the Williston Basin, but is more commonly referred To as the 'Bakken.' It stretches from Northern Montana, through North Dakota and into Canada.  For years, U.S. Oil exploration has been considered a dead end.
Even the 'Big Oil' companies gave up searching for major oil wells decades Ago.

However, a recent technological breakthrough has opened up the Bakken's Massive reserves, And we now have access of up to 500 billion barrels. And because this is Light, sweet oil.  those billions of barrels will cost Americans just $16 PER BARREL!!!!!!
 
That's enough crude to fully fuel the American economy for 2041 years Straight. And if THAT didn't throw you on the floor, then this next one should - Because it's from 2006 !!!!!!
 
U.S. Oil Discovery - Largest Reserve in the World
Stansberry Report Online - 4/20/2006 Hidden 1,000 feet beneath the surface of the Rocky Mountains lies the Largest untapped oil reserve in the world.  It is more than 2 TRILLION barrels. On August 8, 2005 President Bush Mandated its extraction.
 
In three and a half years of high oil prices none has been extracted. With this mother lode of oil why are we still fighting over off-shore Drilling?  They reported this stunning news:
 
We have more oil inside our borders, than all the other proven reserves on Earth.  Here are the official estimates:
 
8 times as much oil as Saudi Arabia
18 times as much oil as Iraq
21 times as much oil as Kuwait
22 times as much oil as Iran
500 times as much oil as Yemen
 
And it's all right here in the Western United States !!!!!!
 
HOW can this BE? HOW can we NOT BE extracting this? Because the Environmentalists and others have blocked all efforts to help America become Independent of foreign oil! Again, we are letting a small group of people Dictate our lives and our economy. WHY?
 
James Bartis, lead researcher with the study says we've got more oil in this Very compact area than the entire Middle East, more than 2 TRILLION barrels Untapped. That's more than all the proven oil reserves of crude oil in the World today, reports The Denver Post.
 
Don't think 'OPEC' will drop its price even with this find? Think again!  It's all about the competitive marketplace, it has to.
 
Think OPEC just might be funding the environmentalists?
 
Got your attention yet? Now, while you're thinking about it, do this:
 
Pass this along. If you don't take a little time to do this, then you should stifle yourself the next time you complain about gas prices, by doing NOTHING, you forfeit your right to complain.
 
Now I just wonder what would happen in this country if every one of you sent this to everyone in your address book.
 
By the way, this can be verified. Check it out at the link below !!!!!!
 
 http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=1911 <http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=1911>

 

 

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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear

… … For The List for Friday, 29 October 2021… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻

 

OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…

From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 29 October 1966… James Reston: the November 1966 election and the Vietnam War…

 

http://www.rollingthunderremembered.com/rolling-thunder-remembered-29-october-1966-hawks-and-doves/

 

 

This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip

 

Vietnam Air Losses

Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at:  https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.

 

 

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Thanks to Brett     My dad had a copy of the Great Crsade in the family book shelf since I could remember. I was in to Hardy Boys books and only read the cover info. I did get my hands on a Harold Robbins book and that was a eye opener. I always thought to go back and read Ike's book and this might be the push to go do that…skip

 

 

Geopolitical Futures:

Keeping the future in focus

https://geopoliticalfutures.com

Daily Memo:  Eisenhower and War

Thoughts in and around geopolitics.

By George Friedman

 

October 29, 2021

 

In my mind, Dwight Eisenhower was one of the great American presidents, and in particular, he was one of the few presidents who really understood global strategy. That was not a surprise given who he had been. But what is interesting is that his presidency was relatively free of military adventures. He ended the Korean War as his first act, blocked British, French and Israeli operations during the Suez crisis, intervened in Lebanon for a short time and rapidly withdrew after achieving a clear goal, refused to involve the U.S. in Indochina alongside the French, and built significant alliances (he was the first commander of NATO). One of the greatest generals in American history, he was deeply cautious about and even averse to the use of military force. Since he was the only president in the 20th and 21st centuries to have had senior command of a war, his aversion is interesting and worth considering in light of Afghanistan and other conflicts.

We all remember Eisenhower's warning about the military-industrial complex and sometimes misinterpret it as a fear of a conspiracy by the military and contractors. But when he issued his warning, the general who organized the invasion of Europe and defeat of Germany was not seeing the military, or the corporations that produced the weapons that defeated Hitler, as a threat. What he was warning against was that Congress and even presidents were not doing their jobs in overseeing this complex. Generals necessarily want substantial armies and weapons. They are focused on their job and being responsible in that context. Defense companies were indispensable in World War II, and the creation of defense production lines was fiendishly expensive. Of course they wanted to sell weapons to the military. Each was doing its job, but Eisenhower was wary because, while their jobs had to be done, Congress and the president had to understand their imperatives and manage them. His warning was not that they were up to no good, as many read it. It was a warning that the U.S. government had to be aware of their necessarily limited views and management. His fear was that presidents and congressmen would not do their jobs but would allow the military-industrial complex to do its job without controls.

Eisenhower issued a second warning. He warned against having too large a military force. This is odd for a president who had commanded the largest military force in history, but it was precisely because of his experience that he expressed this concern. He worried that an excessive force would be too tempting and would cause the United States to engage in wars casually. He saw a situation in which military force would shift from the last resort to the first. Eisenhower believed in the limits of power. In Korea, he ended the war in a stalemate because he regarded the war as not worth the cost. Harry Truman had entered the war in spite of strategic considerations because in the course of a few days he felt the need to do something, and the only option he had was military. Truman did not have the opportunity to calmly consider the costs of the war, intervention by China and Russia, and the diversion of forces from Europe, the major area of concern. Truman was concerned with credibility, a word that haunts American foreign policy. Credibility is the belief that failing to act would embolden hostile forces.

This was a difficult policy to fulfill. The commitment to defend Europe meant that the U.S. had to have a large force in place and in reserve. That large force wound up being used in other places like Vietnam. Containing the growth of a military force while engaged in a fundamentally important confrontation is impossible. Eisenhower understood this but still believed the principle. The U.S. military would have taken on a different look after the fall of the Soviet Union if his principle had been followed. The contraction would have been more substantial.

From Eisenhower's point of view, the U.S. did not have to concern itself with credibility. American history would show any enemy not to underestimate American will and power. The Japanese and Germans had learned that, and their experience brought the U.S. all the credibility it needed. Rather, he argued that the promiscuous use of force would drain and disperse U.S. military force, and create conflicts that had no clear value to the U.S. in victory, and hurt its credibility in defeat. Eisenhower was presented with numerous opportunities to insert forces, as happened in Indochina. He knew war and knew that winning wars is hard, and thus should be pursued only when a direct U.S. interest is at stake. It also, above all else, had to have a compelling and practical goal, proportionate to American interests and worth the possibility of casualties, which should always be substantially overestimated from the first military analysis. War planners always overestimate the importance of a conflict and underestimate the possibility of defeat. War planners turn into warfighters, and they need to believe. Presidents need to doubt the importance of a war and the confidence of advisers and commanders.

The use of war as a foreign policy tool should be rare, while the use of small-scale covert operations more extensive. During World War II, Eisenhower learned the value of the Office of Strategic Services and applied it with the CIA. But he had commanded a large-scale war in Europe and understood that while that was essential to the United States, it should not become a habit, as he had learned that defeat was always a possibility. A large military has a large number of careers at stake. If war is a profession, no professional wants to sit around waiting. The availability of force will trigger the promiscuous use of force, with lunatic goals like eliminating terrorism in Afghanistan, a country where terrorism is the national sport. Or trying to get a force designed to fight on the North European Plain to engage in a tropical guerrilla war in Vietnam. Lack of forces limits opportunities for wishful thinking even among the best and brightest.

Eisenhower more than anyone understood the dangers of a small military if the enemy chooses to surprise you. He knew a larger force that he might be comfortable with was inevitable. The solution he found was the creation of global alliances, starting with NATO and then with multilateral and bilateral relationships. It was not the Democrats who created the post-war alliance system but a fairly conservative Republican whose goal was to have allies shoulder the burden of war, but who wound up doing the opposite, with the U.S. rushing to the aid of allies unable or unwilling to defend themselves. Eisenhower's vision might have worked under Eisenhower, who did not feel that wars liable to fail enhanced U.S. credibility. But after he left office, these "prestige wars" as I would call them continued to be waged without a definition of victory.

It is interesting to remember that Eisenhower was despised by left and right. The left regarded him as stupid, incapable of speaking coherently and showing little concern for newly created countries. Jokes were made of his limited grasp of foreign policy. He was also attacked from the far right. The John Birch Society (the leading conspiracy believers) thought that Eisenhower was a communist agent, primarily for his refusing to take Berlin and giving it to Russia. They published a book called "The Politician" showing him as maneuvering into this position. Eisenhower did refuse to take Berlin, but he did so because he didn't feel that it was worth tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of dead. One extreme looked down on him because being a general didn't give him the smooth polish they confused with intelligence, and the other thought him a traitor for protecting lives at the end of a war. America is unchanged, which, oddly, Eisenhower wouldn't mind.

Eisenhower is emerging as the president to base a strategy on. He was far from perfect, of course, making his share of mistakes and changing policies. All presidents do. But he did provide a framework for thinking about how to move beyond the forever wars we have fought.

 

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Thanks to Carl

 

Red Skelton

 

He was funny and very patriotic!  See: https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/redskeltonpledgeofallegiance.htm  &  https://minuteman-militia.com/2017/11/12/red-skeltons-heartfelt-explaination-meaning-pledge-allegiance/

 

We always watched Red Skelton in our house. These are great lines,

 

RED SKELTON'S RECIPE FOR THE PERFECT MARRIAGE
1. Two times a week we go to a nice restaurant, have a little beverage, good food and companionship. She goes on Tuesdays, I go on Fridays.
2. We also sleep in separate beds. Hers is in California and mine is in Texas.
3. I take my wife everywhere, but she keeps finding her way back.
4. I asked my wife where she wanted to go for our anniversary. "Somewhere I haven't been in a long time!" she said. So I suggested the kitchen.
5. We always hold hands. If I let go, she shops.
6. She has an electric blender, electric toaster and electric bread maker. She said "There are too many gadgets, and no place to sit down!" So I bought her an electric chair.
7. My wife told me the car wasn't running well because there was water in the carburetor. I asked where the car was. She told me, "In the lake."
8. She got a mud pack and looked great for two days. Then the mud fell off.
9. She ran after the garbage truck, yelling, "Am I too late for the garbage?" The driver said, "No, jump in!".
10. Remember: Marriage is the number one cause of divorce.
11. I married Miss Right. I just didn't know her first name was 'Always'.
12. I haven't spoken to my wife in 18 months. I don't like to interrupt her.
13. The last fight was my fault though. My wife asked, "What's on the TV?" I said, "Dust!".

 

Can't you just hear him say all of these?
I love it. These were the good old days when humor didn't have to start with a four letter word. It was just clean and simple fun. 

 

And he always ended his programs with the words, "And May God Bless" with a big smile on his face.

 

 

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This Day in U S Military History

 

1956 – Israeli armed forces push into Egypt toward the Suez Canal, initiating the Suez Crisis. They would soon be joined by French and British forces, creating a serious Cold War problem in the Middle East. The catalyst for the joint Israeli-British-French attack on Egypt was the nationalization of the Suez Canal by Egyptian leader General Gamal Abdel Nasser in July 1956. The situation had been brewing for some time. Two years earlier, the Egyptian military had begun pressuring the British to end its military presence (which had been granted in the 1936 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty) in the canal zone. Nasser's armed forces also engaged in sporadic battles with Israeli soldiers along the border between the two nations, and the Egyptian leader did nothing to conceal his antipathy toward the Zionist nation. Supported by Soviet arms and money, and furious with the United States for reneging on a promise to provide funds for construction of the Aswan Dam on the Nile River, Nasser ordered the Suez Canal seized and nationalized. The British were angry with the move and sought the support of France (which believed that Nasser was supporting rebels in the French colony of Algeria), and Israel (which needed little provocation to strike at the enemy on its border), in an armed assault to retake the canal. The Israelis struck first, but were shocked to find that British and French forces did not immediately follow behind them. Instead of a lightening strike by overwhelming force, the attack bogged down. The United Nations quickly passed a resolution calling for a cease-fire. The Soviet Union began to issue ominous threats about coming to Egypt's aid. A dangerous situation developed quickly, one that the Eisenhower administration hoped to defuse before it turned into a Soviet-U.S. confrontation. Though the United States sternly warned the Soviet Union to stay out of the situation, Eisenhower also pressured the British, French, and Israeli governments to withdraw their troops. They eventually did so in late 1956 and early 1957.

 

1969 – The first-ever computer-to-computer link is established on ARPANET, the precursor to the Internet. The first message on the ARPANET was sent by UCLA student programmer Charley Kline, at 10:30 pm, from Boelter Hall 3420. Kline transmitted from the university's SDS Sigma 7 Host computer to the Stanford Research Institute's SDS 940 Host computer. The message text was the word login; the l and the o letters were transmitted, but the system then crashed. Hence, the literal first message over the ARPANET was lo. About an hour later, having recovered from the crash, the SDS Sigma 7 computer effected a full login. The first permanent ARPANET link was established on 21 November 1969, between the IMP at UCLA and the IMP at the Stanford Research Institute. By 5 December 1969, the entire four-node network, adding University of California, Santa Barbara and The University of Utah, was established.

 

1998 – The shuttle Discovery blasted off with 6 crew mates including John Glenn (77), the first American to orbit the Earth in 1962. Nearly four decades after he became the first American to orbit the Earth, Senator John Hershel Glenn, Jr., is launched into space again as a payload specialist aboard the space shuttle Discovery. At 77 years of age, Glenn was the oldest human ever to travel in space. During the nine-day mission, he served as part of a NASA study on health problems associated with aging. Glenn, a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Marine Corps, was among the seven men chosen by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in 1959 to become America's first astronauts. A decorated pilot, he had flown nearly 150 combat missions during World War II and the Korean War. In 1957, he made the first nonstop supersonic flight across the United States, flying from Los Angeles to New York in three hours and 23 minutes. In April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was the first man in space, and his spacecraft, Vostok 1, made a full orbit before returning to Earth. Less than one month later, American Alan B. Shepard, Jr., became the first American in space when his Freedom 7 spacecraft was launched on a suborbital flight. American "Gus" Grissom made another suborbital flight in July, and in August Soviet cosmonaut Gherman Titov spent more than 25 hours in space aboard Vostok 2, making 17 orbits. As a technological power, the United States was looking very much second-rate compared with its Cold War adversary. If the Americans wanted to dispel this notion, they needed a multi-orbital flight before another Soviet space advance arrived. On February 20, 1962, NASA and Colonel John Glenn accomplished this feat with the flight of Friendship 7, a spacecraft that made three orbits of the Earth in five hours. Glenn was hailed as a national hero, and on February 23 President John F. Kennedy visited him at Cape Canaveral. Glenn later addressed Congress and was given a ticker-tape parade in New York City. Out of a reluctance to risk the life of an astronaut as popular as Glenn, NASA essentially grounded the "Clean Marine" in the years after his historic flight. Frustrated with this uncharacteristic lack of activity, Glenn turned to politics and in 1964 announced his candidacy for the U.S. Senate from his home state of Ohio and formally left NASA. Later that year, however, he withdrew his Senate bid after seriously injuring his inner ear in a fall from a horse. In 1970, following a stint as a Royal Crown Cola executive, he ran for the Senate again but lost the Democratic nomination to Howard Metzenbaum. Four years later, he defeated Metzenbaum, won the general election, and went on to win reelection three times. In 1984, he unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for president. In 1998, Glenn attracted considerable media attention when he returned to space aboard the space shuttle Discovery. In 1999, he retired from his U.S. Senate seat after four consecutive terms in office, a record for the state of Ohio.

 

Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day

 

CARR, JOHN
Rank and organization: Private, Company G, 8th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Chiricahua Mountains, Ariz., 29 October 1869. Entered service at:——. Birth: Columbus, Ohio. Date of issue: 14 February 1870. Citation: Gallantry in action.

MATHEWS, GEORGE W.
Rank and organization: Assistant Surgeon, 36th Infantry, U.S. Volunteers. Place and date: Near Labo, Luzon, Philippine Islands, 29 October 1899. Entered service at: Worcester, Mass. Birth: Worcester, Mass. Date of issue: 14 March 1902. Citation: While in attendance upon the wounded and under a severe fire from the enemy, seized a carbine and beat off an attack upon wounded officers and men under his charge.

HAJIRO, BARNEY F.
Private Barney F. Hajiro distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 19, 22, and 29 October 1944, in the vicinity of Bruyeres and Biffontaine, eastern France. Private Hajiro, while acting as a sentry on top of an embankment on 19 October 1944, in the vicinity of Bruyeres, France, rendered assistance to allied troops attacking a house 200 yards away by exposing himself to enemy fire and directing fire at an enemy strong point. He assisted the unit on his right by firing his automatic rifle and killing or wounding two enemy snipers. On 22 October 1944, he and one comrade took up an outpost security position about 50 yards to the right front of their platoon, concealed themselves, and ambushed an 18-man, heavily armed, enemy patrol, killing two, wounding one, and taking the remainder as prisoners. On 29 October 1944, in a wooded area in the vicinity of Biffontaine, France, Private Hajiro initiated an attack up the slope of a hill referred to as "Suicide Hill" by running forward approximately 100 yards under fire. He then advanced ahead of his comrades about 10 yards, drawing fire and spotting camouflaged machine gun nests. He fearlessly met fire with fire and single-handedly destroyed two machine gun nests and killed two enemy snipers. As a result of Private Hajiro's heroic actions, the attack was successful. Private Hajiro's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit upon him, his unit, and the United States Army.

*OKUBO, JAMES K.
Technician Fifth Grade James K. Okubo distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 28 and 29 October and 4 November 1944, in the Foret Domaniale de Champ, near Biffontaine, eastern France. On 28 October, under strong enemy fire coming from behind mine fields and roadblocks, Technician Fifth Grade Okubo, a medic, crawled 150 yards to within 40 yards of the enemy lines. Two grenades were thrown at him while he left his last covered position to carry back wounded comrades. Under constant barrages of enemy small arms and machine gun fire, he treated 17 men on 28 October and 8 more men on 29 October. On 4 November, Technician Fifth Grade Okubo ran 75 yards under grazing machine gun fire and, while exposed to hostile fire directed at him, evacuated and treated a seriously wounded crewman from a burning tank, who otherwise would have died. Technician Fifth Grade James K. Okubo's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the United States Army.

SAKATO, GEORGE T.
Private George T. Sakato distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 29 October 1944, on hill 617 in the vicinity of Biffontaine, France. After his platoon had virtually destroyed two enemy defense lines, during which he personally killed five enemy soldiers and captured four, his unit was pinned down by heavy enemy fire. Disregarding the enemy fire, Private Sakato made a one-man rush that encouraged his platoon to charge and destroy the enemy strongpoint. While his platoon was reorganizing, he proved to be the inspiration of his squad in halting a counter-attack on the left flank during which his squad leader was killed. Taking charge of the squad, he continued his relentless tactics, using an enemy rifle and P-38 pistol to stop an organized enemy attack. During this entire action, he killed 12 and wounded two, personally captured four and assisted his platoon in taking 34 prisoners. By continuously ignoring enemy fire, and by his gallant courage and fighting spirit, he turned impending defeat into victory and helped his platoon complete its mission. Private Sakato's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the United States Army.

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CAPTAIN HUMBERT R. VERSACE
UNITED STATES ARMY for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty: Captain Humbert R. Versace distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism during the period of 29 October 1963 to 26 September 1965, while serving as S-2 Advisor, Military Assistance Advisory Group, Detachment 52, Ca Mau, Republic of Vietnam. While accompanying a Civilian Irregular Defense Group patrol engaged in combat operations in Thoi Binh District, An Xuyen Province, Captain Versace and the patrol came under sudden and intense mortar, automatic weapons, and small arms fire from elements of a heavily armed enemy battalion. As the battle raged, Captain Versace, although severely wounded in the knee and back by hostile fire, fought valiantly and continued to engage enemy targets. Weakened by his wounds and fatigued by the fierce firefight, Captain Versace stubbornly resisted capture by the over-powering Viet Cong force with the last full measure of his strength and ammunition. Taken prisoner by the Viet Cong, he exemplified the tenets of the Code of Conduct from the time he entered into Prisoner of War status. Captain Versace assumed command of his fellow American soldiers, scorned the enemy's exhaustive interrogation and indoctrination efforts, and made three unsuccessful attempts to escape, despite his weakened condition which was brought about by his wounds and the extreme privation and hardships he was forced to endure. During his captivity, Captain Versace was segregated in an isolated prisoner of war cage, manacled in irons for prolonged periods of time, and placed on extremely reduced ration. The enemy was unable to break his indomitable will, his faith in God, and his trust in the United States of America. Captain Versace, an American fighting man who epitomized the principles of his country and the Code of Conduct, was executed by the Viet Cong on 26 September 1965. Captain Versace's gallant actions in close contact with an enemy force and unyielding courage and bravery while a prisoner of war are in the highest traditions of the military service and reflect the utmost credit upon himself and the United States Army.

 

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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for October 29 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY

 

29 October

 

1917: Civilian test pilot, Howard Rinehart, flew the first American DH-4 completed at Dayton. (21)

 

1928: Mrs. Clara Adams of Tannersville, Pa., became the first paying woman passenger on a Zeppelin. She left Lakehurst in the Graf Zeppelin on the eastward return flight to Germany. (24)

 

1950: KOREAN WAR. C-47s made aeromedical flights from Sinanju Airfield, N. Korea, the northernmost Korean airfield ever used by FEAF aircraft, some 40 miles north of Pyongyang. (28)

 

1953: In the first flight of the YF-100A Super Sabre at Edwards AFB, Lt Col Frank K. Everest set a speed record of 755.149 MPH over a 15-kilometer (9.3 miles) course. (9) (12)

 

1955: The first official flight of the Douglas RB-66B occurred. (31)

 

1956: Lockheed Missile Systems Division received a contract to start the Agena program. (12)

 

1963: General Curtis E. LeMay, CSAF, congratulated the 18 TFW at Kadena AB for its record conversion from F-100 to F-105 aircraft under combat status conditions and for passing the subsequent operational readiness inspection. The 18 TFW was the first USAF F-105 unit to accomplish this feat. (17)

 

1965: Test pilots Col Robert L. Stephens and Lt Col Daniel Andre received the Thompson Trophy for their 1 May 1965 flight of the YF-12, which set nine world performance records. C-130s began carrying fuel, ammunition, and supplies to Pleiku for the defense of Plei Me camp from North Vietnamese attacks. For the next 29 days, the C-130s moved 186 tons a day to support the 1st Cavalry Division. (18)

 

1969: SAC announced the phaseout of all B-58 Hustler strategic bombers from its inventory. (16) (26)

 

1975: Nellis AFB received the first F-5E Tiger II in the USAF aircraft inventory. (16) (26)

 

1986: TAC won the first Reconnaissance Air Meet at Bergstrom AFB. (16) SAC selected rail garrison as the preferred basing mode for the second deployment of Peacekeeper missiles. This basing mode would have placed another 50 missiles on continuous alert in railroad cars garrisoned on SAC bases for dispersal over the commercial rail network on short notice. (16)

 

1994: The Air Force's fourth B-2 (#8-0332), the Spirit of Washington, joined the 509th Bomb Wing at Whiteman. (15)

 

1998: John H. Glenn, Jr., a former US Senator and the first astronaut to orbit earth, returned to space on the Space Shuttle Discovery. At 76, Glenn became the oldest person to enter space. He participated in a test to determine the effects of microgravity on the elderly. (21)

 

2004: NASA's KC-135A aerospace vehicle trainer, the "Vomit Comet," flew its final sortie. NASA used the "Comet" at Edwards AFB to provide zero gravity training to students at the Aerospace Vehicle Test Course. The KC-135A performed its famed roller-coaster maneuver some 35,000 times. (3)

 

2007: WILDFIRE SUPPORT. Air Forces Northern tasked various specialized aircraft to provide firefighting commanders and civil authorities with photos and video of wildfires in Southern California. The aircraft included the RQ-4 Global Hawk and U-2 Dragon Lady from Beale AFB, Calif., and a Navy P-3 Orion from Naval Air Station North Island, Calif. This event was the first time a Global Hawk provided domestic support civil authorities. (AFNEWS, "Global Hawk, U-2 Capture Essential Wildfires Images," 29 Oct 2007.) Operation IRAQI FREEDOM/DISTINGUISHED FLYING CROSS. An A-10 pilot from the 510th Fighter Squadron received this award for supporting friendly forces near An Najaf, Iraq. After a local training mission over the Dolomite Mountains, Capt George Collings received his award at Aviano AB, Italy, from his father Maj Gen Michael Collings, the senior U.S. defense representative to Egypt. The junior Collings distinguished himself during a close-airsupport mission for friendly forces trying to reach a downed AH-64 Apache helicopter. When small-arms fire from anti-Iraqi forces pinned the rescue forces down, Collings delivered a 500- pound laser-guided bomb inside a canal to kill six anti-Iraqi forces and incapacitate 30 others. His attack allowed the rescue party to recover the bodies of the American fallen warriors. (AFNEWS, "Father Pins Distinguished Flying Cross on Son," 30 Oct 2007.)

 

2007: OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM/MACKAY TROPHY. Captain Scott Markle received the trophy for his actions in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. Captain Markle, an A-10 Thunderbolt II pilot from the 81st Fighter Squadron at Spangdahlem AB, Germany, engaged Taliban fighters on 16 June 2006, who were fighting an American special forces team on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border. When he arrived just before dawn, visibility made it difficult to find the team's location. Unable to employ weapons due to the enemy's close proximity to the team, he flew a dangerously low pass over the area and released self-protection flares. A ground controller then asked Markle to make a few more close passes to give the U. S. team the time to create more distance from the Taliban forces. Afterwards, he strafed the enemy with more than 1,000 30-millimeter rounds, allowing the special forces team to escape with no casualties. In his effort, Markle destroyed three machine gun nests and killed 40 enemy combatants. (AFNEWS, "A-10 Pilot Awarded Mackay Trophy," 30 Oct 2007.)

 

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World News for 29 October thanks to Military Periscope

 

  USA—B-52 Re-Engining Program Moves Forward Air Force Magazine | 10/29/2021 The Air Force's project to install new engines on its B-52 bombers can move ahead after the losing bidders declined to protest, reports Air Force magazine. The deadline for losing bidders, which included GE Aviation and Pratt & Whitney, to lodge a protest with the Government Accountability Office was Oct. 25, an Air Force source said. The deadline was 10 days after both companies received a debrief on why they were not selected. GE and Pratt & Whitney retain the option to file a complaint in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims. On Sept. 24, Rolls-Royce was selected as the winner of the Commercial Engine Replacement Program (CERP). The company's $2.6 billion bid to install its F130 engine on the B-52 was significantly lower than the Air Force's $10 billion initial cost estimate, the magazine noted. 

 

USA—Climate Change Could Create Millions Of Migrants In Coming Decades Cbs News | 10/29/2021 A new World Bank report assesses that as many as 200 million people could leave their homes as a result of the effects of climate change by midcentury, reports CBS News. The second part of the Groundswell report, published earlier this week, evaluated how the effects of slow-onset climate change, such as water scarcity, reduced crop productivity and rising sea levels could result in millions of "climate migrants" by 2050. The study examined three different scenarios based on varying levels of climate action and development across six regions: Latin America; North Africa; Sub-Saharan Africa; Eastern Europe and Central Asia; South Asia; and East Asia and the Pacific. Under the worst case, an estimated 216 million could move within their own countries. The best-case scenarios still estimated that there would be around 44 million such migrants. Sub-Saharan Africa, the most vulnerable region due to desertification, fragile coastlines and dependence on agriculture, could see up to 86 million climate migrants within national borders, the report says. The study did not look at migration across borders. Researchers warned that migration hotspots could appear in the next decade and that planning would be needed in areas where people would move to as well as those that they leave to help those who remain. 

 

USA—Intel Agencies Failed To Predict Speed Of Taliban Takeover Wall Street Journal | 10/29/2021 An assessment of U.S. intelligence reports from four agencies in 2020 and 2021 shows that they did not expect the Taliban to take control of Afghanistan as fast as it did, reports the Wall Street Journal. The newspaper reviewed about two dozen assessments from CIA, Defense Intelligence Agency, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence and the State Dept.'s intelligence bureau from April 2020 through July 2021. Although all four predicted that the government in Kabul would lose ground to the Taliban, with some anticipating a Taliban takeover after the withdrawal of U.S. forces, none predicted the rapid takeover seen in August 2021. A May CIA report predicted that the government of Ashraf Ghani would fall by the end of 2021. Another analysis a month later estimated that the Taliban would gain full control of Afghanistan within two years. A June report by the DIA predicted that the Taliban would gain ground in rural areas. A subsequent report suggested that the government would continue to cling to power in Kabul. Policymakers relied on such reports. The assumption that Afghan security forces would hang on while the U.S. withdrew contributed to the policy failures that led to the chaotic withdrawal in August. An administration official said that various agencies have begun or will soon begin reviews of the withdrawal to find weaknesses and address them. 

 

USA—Still Unclear What Connecticut Sub Hit In S. China Sea USNI News | 10/29/2021 A preliminary investigation has not yet been able to determine what a U.S. Navy submarine hit in the South China Sea earlier this month, reports USNI News. USS Connecticut struck an undersea object on Oct. 2 in the South China Sea, damaging her forward ballast tanks and forcing her to make a weeklong journey to Guam on the surface. As of Oct. 26, investigators were still trying to identify what the sub hit. Early indications point toward an undersea mount, but that has not been confirmed. Naval Sea Systems Command and personnel from the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and submarine tender Emory S. Land are evaluating the scope of repairs that will be needed to get the boat back underway as well as possible follow-on work. 

 

Norway—1st Of 6 Leguan Bridge Systems Handed Over Krauss-Maffei Wegmann | 10/29/2021 Norway has taken delivery of the first of six bridge-laying systems purchased from Krauss-Maffei Wegmann, reports the German defense firm. The Leguan bridge-laying system was symbolically handed over to representatives of the Norwegian Defense Materiel Agency (NDMA) during a roll-out ceremony, KMW said in a release on Thursday. The delivery occurred ahead of the contracted date despite the effects of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Norway has ordered six Leguans on Leopard 2 tank chassis as well as simulators and a peripheral package. 

 

Turkey—Troops Deployed To Syria For Possible New Offensive Against Kurds Bloomberg News | 10/29/2021 Turkey has sent hundreds of additional troops into northern Syria in preparation for a possible offensive against Kurdish forces, reports Bloomberg News. The deployment overnight from Tuesday to Wednesday was intended to secure control over two-thirds of Turkey's 560-mile (910-km) border with Syria, officials said. This would include capturing areas south of the town of Kobani, a Syrian city on the border with Turkey, to connect sections of territory already under its control to the east and west of the Euphrates River. The offensive may also seek to capture the Menagh air base near the town of Azaz. The sections of territory in question are relatively empty of people. A planned Turkish offensive in 2019 against Kurdish forces was halted after Russian and U.S. forces reached an agreement in which they pledged to keep Kurdish People's Defense Units (YPG) at least 20 miles (30 km) from the border. Ankara has since accused the U.S. and Russia of failing to live up to those commitments. 

 

European Union—E.U. Objects To Attempt To Pull Serbs From Unified Armed Forces Reuters | 10/29/2021 E.U. officials have opposed threats by Bosnian Serb leaders to pull their forces from the unified military in Bosnia-Herzegovina, reports Reuters. On Thursday, Claudio Graziano, chairman of the E.U. Military Committee, said that all 27 E.U. members supported the unified Bosnian federal military. Graziano visited Bosnia after Serb nationalist leader Milorad Dodik threatened to pull Serbian forces from the unified armed forces. Dodik, who is backed by Russia, has indicated that he wants to pull out of national Bosnian institutions. Senad Masovic, who leads joint headquarters of the joint armed forces (OSBiH), which includes Bosnian, Croat and Serb units, said that any alternative force would be considered a paramilitary organization. The 1995 Dayton agreement, which ended the war in Bosnia, created a weak federal government unified by a few key institutions, including the military. 

 

South Korea—Midshipmen Head To Arctic Naval News | 10/29/2021 For the first time, the South Korean navy is sending warships to the Arctic, reports Naval News. On Oct. 22, a midshipman cruise (MIDCRU) squadron departed Jeju Naval Base for a 67-day deployment. The squadron, consisting of the destroyer Wang Geon and support ship Soyang, is scheduled to stop at a port in Alaska after sailing through the Bering Sea for the first time.  The operation will pioneer the new northern route, the South Korean navy said. In addition, the squadron will visit Victoria in Canada as well as ports in San Diego, Hawaii and Guam. Some 152 naval cadets from the South Korean naval academy are taking part in the voyage. 

 

South Korea—Domestic CIWS In The Works Yonhap | 10/29/2021 South Korean Defense Acquisition Program Administration (DAPA) has revealed plans to develop a homegrown naval self-defense system, reports the Yonhap news agency (Seoul). On Friday, the DAPA said it would start the Close In Weapon System-II (CIWS-II) program in November with the goal of developing the necessary technology by 2027, reported the Aju Business Daily. The ship-based gun system, intended to be able to defeat supersonic and sea-skimming missiles, small speedboats and helicopters, will form the final phase of the navy's multilayered self-defense system. Indigenous active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar technology will be integrated with the new CIWS, said the DAPA. The system is expected to be installed on all major South Korean warships, including the planned Korean Destroyer Next Generation. South Korean ships are currently equipped with the Dutch Goalkeeper or U.S.-made Phalanx CIWS.

 

Japan—Self-Defense Force Signs On To Italian Training School Leonardo | 10/29/2021 The Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) has signed an agreement with the Italian air force to send pilots to Italy for advanced training, reports Leonardo. On Tuesday, JASDF chief Gen. Shunji Izutsu and his Italian counterpart, Gen. Alberto Rosso, signed the technical arrangement on the training of Japanese military pilots at the International Flight Training School (IFTS) during a virtual ceremony. The IFTS is a joint program between the Italian air force and defense firm Leonardo. Under the agreement, Japanese pilots will undertake phase four advanced training at the IFTS. Japanese instructor pilots may join at a later date. The IFTS phase four training is currently based at Galatina air base in southern Italy, noted Defense News.  That training is expected to move to a dedicated facility at the Decimomannu air base on Sardinia. This is expected to increase phase four training capacity from 40 to 80 pilots each year. The IFTS employs 22 M-346A jets for advanced training along with full-mission simulators and part task trainers. Earlier phases use the M-345 jet trainer. Japan and Italy both operate the F-35 fighter and KC-767 tanker aircraft, creating commonalities for pilots, noted Rosso. Japan is the third international partner to join the IFTS after Qatar and Germany. Qatari pilots are already training at the school, while the first German pilots are expected to arrive shortly. 

 

Australia—Morrison, Macron Talk For 1st Time Since Sub Deal Sunk Australian Broadcasting Corporation | 10/29/2021 The leaders of France and Australia have spoken for the first time since Canberra decided to cancel a planned purchase of French submarines, reports the Australian Broadcasting Corp. On Thursday, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison and French President Emmanuel Macron spoke over the phone, the office of the French Presidency said. During the call, Macron said that the cancellation of the submarine deal had hurt the bilateral strategic partnership and broke trust between the partners. He emphasized that it was up to the Australian government to propose the next steps that would demonstrate the political will to "redefine the basis of our bilateral relationship and continue joint action in the Indo-Pacific." Macron also encouraged Morrison to adopted more aggressive measures to combat climate change, including increasing monetary contributions, halting the production and consumption of coal and providing greater support to the International Solar Alliance. The call involved a candid discussion of the bilateral relationship and Morrison looked forward to mutual collaboration in areas of shared interests, especially in the Indo-Pacific, the prime minister's office said. 

 

Philippines—Top Terrorist Leader Killed In Maguindanao Manila Bulletin | 10/29/2021 The Philippine military has killed a wanted terrorist leader in the southern Maguindanao province, reports the Manila Bulletin. Early Friday morning, Salahuddin Hassan, the head of the ISIS-linked Daulah Islamiyah group, was killed in an army operation in Talayan, said the 6th Infantry Division, which conducted the mission. Hassan was a senior figure in DI and commanded his own cell, called the DI-Hassan Group. His wife was also killed in the clash, reported the Minda News (Davao City). The terrorist leader was believed to be behind a series of bus bombings in Cotabato province this year, as well as other attacks in the southern Maguindanao, Cotabato, and Sultan Kudarat provinces. 

 

Pakistan—2 Soldiers Die In Border Clash Dawn | 10/29/2021 Two Pakistani soldiers have been killed in fighting with militants attempting to cross the border with Afghanistan, reports the Dawn (Karachi). Overnight from Oct. 26 to Oct. 27, a group of suspected terrorists attempted to infiltrate into the Kurram district of Pakistan's northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, reported the official Inter-Services Public Relations. During the clash, two Pakistani soldiers were killed. The attempted crossing was thwarted, the ISPR said. The Pakistani army condemned the use of Afghan territory by terrorist groups and urged the interim Afghan government to prevent such activity against Pakistan. 

 

Iraq—Security Beefed Up In Diyala Amid Concerns Of Sectarian Conflict Al-Monitor | 10/29/2021 The Iraqi government has sent additional counterterrorism forces to Diyala province in the wake of an Islamic State attack that set off sectarian reprisals, reports the Al-Monitor (Washington, D.C.). On Tuesday, ISIS militants attacked the village of Al Rashad in Diyala province, northeast of Baghdad, killing 15 people and wounding 30.  A few hours later, another ISIS cell attacked an army post in the Rashedia district of northern Baghdad. Subsequently, residents of the mostly Shi'ite village of Al Rashad attacked a nearby Sunni village, accusing them of betrayal and siding with ISIS, raising concerns of renewed sectarian violence. The government has ordered senior officials, including Interior Minister Othman Al Ghanemi, Migration and Displaced People Minister Ivan Faiek Jabru and National Security Adviser Qasem Al Araji, to visit the area in an effort to head off further violence. Two anti-terrorism teams were also sent to Muqdadiya in Diyala to hunt down the ISIS fighters, a military spokesman said. 

 

Nigeria—New ISWAP Chief Killed, Military Says Guardian | 10/29/2021 The Nigerian military says it has killed the new leader of the Islamic State-West Africa Province (ISWAP), reports the Guardian (Lagos). On Thursday, the army announced that it had killed ISWAP chief Malam Bako during operations over the last two weeks. Bako was among 38 suspected terrorist elements killed during land and air raids at unnamed locations, said an army spokesman cited by Reuters. Bako had succeeded Abu Musab Al Barnawi at the top of ISWAP. Nigerian forces announced the death of Al Barnawi on Oct 14.  

 

Nigeria—Army Fields New Chinese IFVs Defence Web | 10/29/2021 The Nigerian army is fielding new Chinese infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) that were delivered earlier this year, reports Defence Web (South Africa). The Type 89 armored vehicles were apparently delivered in August. Since then, more than 100 soldiers have been training on them. On Thursday, Chief of Army Staff Lt. Gen. Farouk Yahaya formally inaugurated 60 Type 89s into service at the Nigerian Army School of Infantry in Jaji, Kaduna state. The vehicles are being deployed to various theaters around the country, reported the TVC News (Lagos).