To All
Good Monday Morning July 31 2023.
I hope you all had a great weekend
Regards,
Skip
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This Day in Navy and Marine Corps History:
July 31
1865 The East India Squadron, later known as Asiatic Squadron, is established under Commodore Henry H. Bell, USN, to operate from Sunda Strait to Japan. The squadron consists of USS Hartford, USS Wachusett, USS Wyoming and USS Relief.
1874 USS Intrepid is commissioned, the first U.S. warship equipped with torpedoes.
1941 The Japanese government reports that the bombing of USS Tutuila (PR 4), which happens the previous day during the bombing raid on Chungking, China, is just an accident, pure and simple. USS Tutuilas motor boats were badly damaged and motor sampan is cut loose when one bomb falls eight yards astern of the vessel. There were no causalities.
1943 PBM (VP 74) and Brazilian A-28 and Catalina sink German submarine U-199 off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Small seaplane tender USS Barnegat (AVP 10) rescues the survivors.
1951 Dan A. Kimball takes office as the 50th Secretary of the Navy, serving until January
1953. His tenure is marked by the continuation of the Korean War, expansion of the Nation's defense, and technological progress in aviation, engineering and other defense-related fields.
1953 His tenure is marked by the continuation of the Korean War, expansion of the Nation's defense, and technological progress in aviation, engineering and other defense-related fields.
1959 President Dwight D. Eisenhower responds to Secretary of the Navy William B. Franke's recommendation to name three SSBNs (nuclear-powered fleet ballistic missile submarines) with these names: USS Sam Houston, USS Thomas A. Edison, and USS John Marshall. The proposed name from Secretary Franke, USS Nathan Hale, is used two years later.
2010 USS Missouri (SSN 780) is commissioned at Groton, Conn., her homeport. The seventh Virginia-class attack submarine is the fourth Navy vessel to honor the state of Missouri.
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Today in World History July 31
904 Arabs capture Thessalonica.
1703 English novelist Daniel Defoe is made to stand in the pillory as punishment for offending the government and church with his satire The Shortest Way With Dissenters.
1760 Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, drives the French army back to the Rhine River.
1790 The U.S. Patent Office opens.
1882 Belle and Sam Starr are charged with horse stealing in the Indian territory.
1875 Former president Andrew Johnson dies at the age of 66.
1891 Great Britain declares territories in Southern Africa up to the Congo to be within its sphere of influence.
1904 The Trans-Siberian railroad connecting the Ural mountains with Russia's Pacific coast, is completed.
1917 The third Battle of Ypres commences as the British attack the German lines.
1932 Adolf Hitler's Nationalist Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazis) doubles its strength in legislative elections.
1944 The Soviet army takes Kovno, the capital of Lithuania.
1962 Federation of Malaysia formally proposed.
1971 Apollo 15 astronauts take a drive on the moon in their land rover.
1987 An F4 tornado in Edmonton, Alberta kills 27 and causes $330 million in damages; the day is remembered as "Black Friday."
1988 Bridge collapse at Sultan Abdul Halim ferry terminal in Butterworth, Malaysia, kills 32 and injures more than 1,600.
1990 Bosnia-Herzegovina declares independence from Yugoslavia.
1991 The US and the USSR sign a long-range nuclear weapons reduction pact.
1999 NASA purposely crashes its Discovery Program's Lunar Prospector into the moon, ending the agency's mission to detect frozen water on Earth's moon.
2006 Fidel Castro temporarily hands over power to his brother Raul Castro.
2007 The British Army's longest continual operation, Operation Banner (1969-2007), ends as British troops withdraw from Northern Ireland.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Thanks to THE BEAR
Skip… For The List for Monday, 31 July 2023… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 31 July 1968…
"Our beloved nation is long on brave men, but woefully short on wise men."
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
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We have had a lot of good friends Fly West over the past year and it is not slowing down so this one from the archives is fitting tribute …skip
Subject: Pilots Don't Die.. they "FLY WEST"
Thanks to Mike
FOR ALL PILOTS, NAVS, GIBS, CREW CHIEFS & GUNNERS
I hope there's a place, way up in the sky Where Aviators can go when they have to die.
A place where a guy could buy a cold beer For a friend and a comrade whose memory is dear.
A place where no doctor or lawyer could tread, Nor a management-type would e'ler be caught dead!
Just a quaint little place, kind of dark, full of smoke, Where they like to sing loud, and love a good joke.
The kind of a place that a lady could go And feel safe and secure by the men she would know.
There must be a place where old aviators go, When their wings become heavy, when their airspeed gets low, Where the whiskey is old, and the women are young, And songs about flying and dying are sung.
Where you'd see all the fellows who'd 'flown west' before, And they'd call out your name, as you came through the door, Who would buy you a drink, if your thirst should be bad, And relate to the others, "He was quite a good lad!"
And there, through the mist, you'd spot an old guy You had not seen in years, though he'd taught you to fly.
He'd nod his old head, and grin ear to ear And say, "Welcome, my Son, I'm proud that you're here!
For this is the place where true flyers come When the battles are over, and the wars have been won.
They've come here at last, to be safe and alone, Away from the government clerk, and the management clone; Politicians and lawyers, the Feds, and the noise, Where all hours are happy, and these good ol' boys Can relax with a cool one, and a well deserved rest!
This is Heaven, my Son. You've passed your last test!"
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From the List archives
thanks to Doctor Rich
The First Jet Pilots
https://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/jump-to-jets-180969506/
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Thanks to Al
Monday Morning Humor--FBI
One of the best marksmen in the FBI was passing through a small town. Everywhere he saw evidences of the most amazing shooting. On trees, on walls, and on fences there were numerous bull's-eyes with the bullet hole in dead center.
The FBI man asked one of the townsmen if he could meet the person responsible for this wonderful marksmanship. The man turned out to be the village idiot.
"This is the best marksmanship I have ever seen," said the FBI man. "How in the world do you do it?"
"Nothing to it," said the idiot. "I shoot first and draw the circles afterward."
An FBI agent tells a Montana rancher, "I need to inspect your ranch for illegal grown drugs."
The old rancher says, "Okay, but don't go in that field over there."
The agent verbally explodes saying, "Mister, I have the authority of the Federal Government with me." Reaching into his rear pant pocket and removing his badge, the officer proudly displays it to the farmer.
"See this badge? This badge means I am allowed to go wherever I wish, on any land. No questions asked or answered given. Have I made myself clear? Do you understand?"
The old rancher nods politely and goes about his chores.
Later, the old rancher hears loud screams and spies the agent running for his life and close behind is the rancher's bull. With every step the bull is gaining ground on the agent. The agent is clearly terrified.
The old rancher immediately throws down his tools, runs to the fence and yells at the top of his lungs…"Your badge! Show him your badge!"
Bubba was not a smart man by any stretch of the imagination, but he very much wanted to work for the FBI.
He took a trip up to Washington to take the admissions test, and after the test was scored, the agent in charge pulled Bubba aside. He said, "Son, this may well be the worst I've ever seen anyone do on this test. I'm sorry, but it doesn't look to me like you know a thing about criminology or history, which are critical to this line of work. You didn't even spell FBI correctly! I mean, can you even tell me who killed Abraham Lincoln?"
Bubba thought for a moment, then shook his head.
The agent continued, "All right do this. Go home, study, and if you come back up here and can tell me who killed Abraham Lincoln, I'll let you take the test again."
Bubba agreed and took his return flight home.
When his friends asked, "How'd the FBI test go?" Bubba said "It went great! I've only been with the agency 12 hours and they've already got me on a murder case!"
One morning, Bill is awakened by forceful banging on his door. It was the FBI demanding to know where he kept his wood pile.
So, he leads them around behind the house and watches as they knock down every last bit of his neatly stacked pile without saying a word. Then, they grab an axe and start busting open the logs.
Very confused at this point, he asks "Just what is going on?"
"Sorry sir. We received an anonymous tip that you were hiding narcotics in your wood pile. When we couldn't find them, we had to bust the logs to make sure they weren't false logs. You'll be reimbursed for any damages."
Shortly after Bill gets back in, his phone rings. It's his buddy Tom. "Hey, Bill. D'you get some company this morning?"
"Yeah. How'd you know?"
"They cut up your fire wood?"
"Yeah???"
"Happy birthday, Bill."
A man was brought to the FBI on suspicion of murder. He argued that there was no way he could have done it, as he was in vacation in Prague for the week of the killing.
The FBI took note of his travel records and let him go because his alibi Czeched out.
Two FBI agents search an office and find a hard drive with "KGB" on it.
One of the agents asks the other, "Why didn't they just write '1 TB' instead?"
Did you hear about the psychic midget who is wanted by the FBI?
She's a small medium at large.
I've disconnected my home alarm system and de-registered from the Neighborhood Watch. I've got two Russian flags raised in the front yard, one at each corner, and the black flag of ISIS in the center.
The local police, sheriff, FBI, CIA, NSA, Homeland Security, Secret Service and other agencies are all watching the house 24/7.
I've never felt safer and I am saving $49.95 a month.
Submitted by Joel Davis:
Cocaine was found at Biden's house.
A dead body was found at Obama's house.
A male prostitute was found at Pelosi's house.
An illegal server was found at Clinton's house.
So the FBI raided Trump's house.
Have a great week…but beware that you may be being watched,
Al
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Thanks to Interesting Facts....Fun facts about Sirius and Star Wars
Why do we call them the "dog days of summer"?
The "dog days of summer" are named after the star Sirius.
When things heat up around July and August, you'll inevitably hear the phrase "dog days of summer." No, this doesn't have anything to do with canines lying around panting in the heat — instead, the phrase is a celestial reference. Sirius, the brightest star in the night sky, is nicknamed the "dog star" because it makes up the "eye" of the constellation Canis Major (Latin for "Greater Dog"). In Greek mythology, Canis Major is said to be a hunting dog who belongs to the legendary huntsman Orion. Cosmologically speaking, this relationship is fitting, because the three stars that make up the asterism Orion's belt point to the "dog star" in the southern sky.
The phrase "dog days of summer" actually refers to a specific period on the calendar, from July 3 until August 11. The ancient Greeks and Romans believed these "dog days" occurred when Sirius appeared to rise with the sun, which always occurred during the summer. The idea was that the immense luminosity of Sirius along with the sun's heat somehow created summer's scorching temperatures. Of course, we now know this doesn't make much sense. For one thing, Sirius is much farther away from Earth than the sun is — like 50 trillion miles farther — so the star has absolutely no effect on Earth's climate. For another, the dog days of summer are relative to where you live on Earth, appearing earlier in the year for those living farther south and later for those in the north. Also, the position of Sirius is subject to Earth's wobbly rotation — meaning that in 13,000 years, Sirius will instead rise in midwinter rather than midsummer. So no, "dog days of summer" isn't an allusion to our cuddly canines, but a vestigial phrase derived from some 2,500-year-old astronomy.
Sirius has a long history in human culture; ancient Egyptians referenced the star in their mythology, and even built an entire calendar around it. But despite its long legacy, scientists are still discovering new things about the night sky's most prominent star. Although you'll often hear the name Sirius in the singular, Sirius is actually a binary system, meaning there are in fact two stars. In 1844, German astronomer Wilhelm Bessel discovered that Sirius' course through the sky was ever-so-slightly wavy, suggesting that the star actually had a stellar companion and that they revolved around each other. Eighteen years later, astronomers in Massachusetts confirmed Bessel's hunch. Today, Sirius is known in astronomy circles as Sirius A and Sirius B. The star you see with the naked eye is Sirius A, while Sirius B — the first white dwarf ever discovered — is comparably faint, nearly 10,000 times dimmer than its celestial companion. In fact, NASA couldn't even begin to estimate the star's mass until measurements were made by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2005 (turns out it's about 98% as massive as our sun).
7 Fun Facts About "Star Wars"
Few films have had as profound an impact on cinema as the original Star Wars and the multibillion-dollar franchise it inspired. For nearly 50 years, fans have been dressing up as Jedi, stormtroopers, and Sith, and imagining their own adventures in a galaxy far, far away. In fact, the films have had such a cultural impact that May 4 ("May the Fourth Be With You") is essentially an official holiday for Star Wars fans the world over. Here are seven little-known facts about Star Wars, exploring both the production of the films and the inspiration behind the saga's most iconic characters.
1 of 6
Filming the Original "Star Wars" Almost Caused an International Conflict
Although Star Wars is famously set in a galaxy far, far away, George Lucas used real-world sets and locations to stand in for extraterrestrial locales throughout the original trilogy. The ice planet Hoth in Empire Strikes Back was filmed near the town of Finse, Norway, while the forest moon of Endor scenes made use of the giant redwoods near Crescent City, California.
One of the most iconic locations in all nine films is the Skywalker homestead on the desert planet of Tatooine. Lucas decided to shoot these scenes, which kick off the entire Star Wars franchise, in the desert of Tunisia (though parts were also filmed in Death Valley, California). In the mid-1970s, Tunisia had a tense relationship with the Libyan government, run by Muammar Gaddafi. Star Wars filmed in Nefta, Tunisia, not far from the Tunisian-Libyan border. The biography George Lucas: A Life details how the Libyan government originally perceived the production as a military buildup along the border, mistaking a Jawa Sandcrawler for military hardware. Libyan inspectors even crossed the border to confirm that these otherworldly vehicles posed no real military threat. Thankfully, the matter ended smoothly.
2 of 6
Darth Vader's Look Is Based on a Real Japanese Samurai
The inspiration behind the original Star Wars is famously pulled from a variety of sources. The iconic title crawl that sets up the space drama in the film's opening seconds can be found in 1930s adventure serials like Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers. The space battles between TIE fighters and X-Wings are a direct reference to WWII dogfighting, and the concept of the Jedi is likely lifted from the pages of Frank Herbert's Dune.
But the most iconic character in the entire saga is undoubtedly Darth Vader, and his look is based on a very real historical figure — a Japanese samurai warlord named Date Masamune. Ralph McQuarrie, the concept artist behind the original trilogy of films, was influenced by Japanese samurai armor, and especially the jet-black armor of Masamune, who was born in 1567. The helmets are the most alike, but McQuarrie also borrowed the extended neck piece from Masamune's armor. Vader's helmet includes additional influences from helmets worn by the German army during WWII, all used to create the most ominous villain the galaxy (and moviegoers) have ever seen.
3 of 6
"I Have a Bad Feeling About This" Is Said in Every "Star Wars" Film
The entire Star Wars saga is filled with little Easter eggs and references to other characters and events throughout the franchise. One that can be easily missed is the phrase "I have a bad feeling about this," said in every single Star Wars film (and sometimes even uttered multiple times). The phrase is also found in one-off live-action films, animated TV shows, video game series, and novels, and has become a kind of "in-joke" among Star Wars creators.
Notably, The Last Jedi, the eighth film in the Star Wars saga, appears to be the only exception, as no character seemingly utters the famous phrase on screen. But director Rian Johnson confirmed that BB-8 actually delivers the line in binary, after which Poe Dameron, played by Oscar Isaac, retorts, "Happy beeps here, buddy, come on."
4 of 6
"The Last Jedi" Invented Porgs To Digitally Mask Real-Life Puffins
One of the most important locations in Rian Johnson's The Last Jedi is the remote island on the planet Ahco-To, where a disgruntled Luke Skywalker spends his self-imposed exile and subsequently trains an adamant Rey. These scenes were shot on a very real Irish island called Skellig Michael. Although perfect for creating a much-needed sense of isolation, the island is also a wildlife preserve for puffins. The puffins became a real problem during the many scenes filmed on the island, as they constantly flew into shots and disrupted production. By law, The Last Jedi crew couldn't mess with them, so according to Jake Lunt Davies, a creature concept designer on the film, the team decided to design an in-universe creature that lived on the island and digitally replaced any puffins that got in the shot with them. Hence, Porgs were born.
5 of 6
'N Sync Was Almost in "Attack of the Clones"
Turn back the clock to 2001, and pop culture was obsessed with both the new Star Wars prequel franchise and the boy band 'N Sync. At the behest of George Lucas' daughter (along with the daughter of producer Rick McCullum), the members of 'N Sync were offered minor roles during the final battle on Geonosis. Justin Timberlake and Lance Bass declined the invitation, supposedly too tired from touring, but the other three band members — Joey Fatone, JC Chasez, and Chris Kirkpatrick — donned Jedi robes and shot their scenes for the film. The moment was particularly special for Fatone, who had an entire room of his house dedicated to Star Wars memorabilia. Sadly, the footage wasn't used in the final cut, and the blink-and-you'll-miss-it cameo instead became a little-known piece of Star Wars history.
6 of 6
The Original "Star Wars" Almost Wasn't Made
It's almost unfathomable that a movie studio would pass up the opportunity to make Star Wars, but in the mid-1970s, George Lucas' little indie film was perilously close to never being made. Lucas first tried to get the rights to Flash Gordon in order to make his own big-screen version, but when he was unable to secure a deal, he decided to make his own space adventure. Once he had the idea, he needed the money, but United Artists, Universal, and even Disney (which later bought the franchise rights for $4.05 billion in 2012) all passed on funding the film.
Finally, 20th Century Fox agreed to finance the project, not because they thought the film would be any good, but mostly to secure a relationship with the up-and-coming director. With an initial budget of only $8 million (eventually bumped up to $11 million) and plenty of disasters during filming and post-production, Star Wars was born from both financial and artistic adversity, yet it has gone on to inspire generations of fans around the globe.
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Thanks to Dale
The past is prologue
The subject phrase has been used a lot but probably no where better than the following:
This1991 sit-com was made 30 years ago and is frighteningly accurate today!!
This portrayal of ineptitude would be funny if it wasn't so eerily true in our life!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7G_mbRiEooI
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Thanks to Mike
Phone call!
Several men are in the locker room of a golf club. A cell phone on a bench rings and a man engages the hands-free speaker function and begins to talk. Everyone else in the room stops to listen.
MAN: "Hello"
WOMAN: "Hi Honey, it's me. Are you at the club?"
MAN: "Yes.
WOMAN: "I'm at the shops now and found this beautiful leather coat. It's only $2,000; is it OK if I buy it?"
MAN: "Sure, go ahead if you like it that much."
WOMAN: "I also stopped by the Lexus dealership and saw the new models. I saw one I really liked."
MAN: "How much?"
WOMAN: "$90,000."
MAN: "OK, but for that price I want it with all the options."
WOMAN: "Great! Oh, and one more thing… I was just talking to Janie and found out that the house I wanted last year is back on the market. They're asking $980,000 for it."
MAN: "Well, then go ahead and make an offer of $900,000. They'll probably take it. If not, we can go the extra eighty-thousand if it's what you really want."
WOMAN: "OK. I'll see you later! I love you so much!"
MAN: "Bye! I love you, too."
The man hangs up. The other men in the locker room are staring at him in astonishment, mouths wide open.
He turns and asks, "Anyone know whose phone this is?"
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Thanks to Royce (yes that Royce)
VERY
INTERESTING STUFF Some tongue in cheek
In the 1400's a law was set forth in England that a man was allowed
To beat his wife with a stick no thicker than his thumb.
Hence we have 'the rule
Of thumb'
Many years ago in
Scotland , a new game was invented. It was ruled 'Gentlemen
Only...Ladies Forbidden'...and thus, the word GOLF entered
Into the English language.
The first couple to
Be shown in bed together on prime time TV was Fred and Wilma
Flintstone.
Men can read smaller
Print than women can; women can hear better.
Coca-Cola was
Originally green.
It is impossible to lick
Your elbow.
The State with the Highest percentage of people who walk to work:
Alaska
The percentage of
Africa that is wilderness: 28% (now get
This...)
The percentage of
North America that is wilderness: 38%
The cost of raising
A medium-size dog to the age of eleven:
$ 16,400
The average number
Of people airborne over the U.S. In any given
Hour:
61,000
(this is significantly less since Covid-19)
Intelligent people
Have more zinc and copper in their hair..
The first novel ever
Written on a typewriter, Tom Sawyer.
The San Francisco
Cable cars are the only mobile National
Monuments.
Each king in a deck
Of playing cards represents a great king from history:
Spades - King David
Hearts - Charlemagne
Clubs -Alexander, The Great
Diamonds - Julius Caesar
111,111,111 x
111,111,111 = 12,345,678,987, 654,321
If a statue in the
Park of a person on a horse has both front legs in the air,
The person died in battle. If the horse has one front leg in
The air, the person died because of wounds received in battle.
If the horse has all four legs on the ground, the person died
Of natural causes
(If the statue is on the ground it is because of political reasons!)
Only two people
Signed the Declaration of Independence on July 4, John Hancock
And Charles Thomson. Most of the rest signed on August 2, but
The last signature wasn't added until 5 years later.
Q. Half of all
Americans live within 50 miles of what?
A. Their birthplace
Q. Most boat owners
Name their boats. What is the most popular boat name
Requested?
A.
Obsession
Q.. If you were to
Spell out numbers, how far would you have to go until you
Would find the letter 'A'?
A. One
Thousand
Q. What do
Bulletproof vests, fire escapes, windshield wipers and laser
Printers have in common?
A. All were invented
By women.
Q. What is the only
Food that doesn't spoil?
A.
Honey
In Shakespeare's
time, mattresses were secured on bed frames by ropes.
When you pulled on the ropes, the mattress tightened,
making the bed firmer to sleep on. Hence the
phrase...'Goodnight , sleep tight'
It was the accepted
practice in Babylon 4,000 years ago that for a month after the
wedding, the bride's father would supply his son-in-law with
all the mead he could drink. Mead is a honey beer and because
their calendar was lunar based, this period was called the
honey month, which we know today as the honeymoon.
In English pubs, ale
is ordered by pints and quarts.. So in old England , when
customers got unruly, the bartender would yell at them 'Mind
your pints and quarts, and settle down.'
It's where we get
the phrase 'mind your P's and Q's'
Many years ago in
England, pub frequenters had a whistle baked into the rim, or
handle, of their ceramic cups. When they needed a refill ,
they used the whistle to get some service. 'Wet your whistle'
is the phrase inspired by this practice.
At least 75% of
people who read this will try to lick their
elbow!
Don't delete this paragraph below
just because it looks weird. Believe it or not, you can read
it.
I cdnuolt blveiee
taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The
phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at
Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the
ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the
first and last ltteer be in the rghit pclae The rset can be a
taotl mses and you can still raed it wouthit a porbelm. This
is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by
istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh?
YOU
KNOW YOU ARE LIVING IN 2020 when..
1. You accidentally
enter your PIN on the microwave.
2. You haven't
played solitaire with real cards in years.
3. You have a list
of 15 phone numbers to reach your family of
three.
4. You e-mail the
person who works at the desk next to you.
5. Your reason for
not staying in touch with friends and family is that they
don't have e-mail addresses.
6. You pull up in
your own driveway and use your cell phone to see if anyone is
home to help you carry in the groceries.
7. Every commercial
on television has a web site at the bottom of the screen
8. Leaving the house
without your cell phone, which you didn't even have the first
20 or 30 (or 60) years of your life, is now a cause for panic
and you turn around to go and get it.
10. You get up in
the morning and go on line before getting your
coffee
11. You start
tilting your head sideways to smile. : )
12 You're reading
this and nodding and laughing
13. Even worse, you
know exactly to whom you are going to forward this
message.
14. You are too busy
to notice there was no #9 on this list.
15. You actually
scrolled back up to check that there wasn't a #9 on this
list
~~~~~~~~~~~AND
FINALLY~~~~~ ~~~~~~~
NOW U R LAUGHING at
yourself.
Go on, forward this
to your friends. You know you want to! Go lick your
elbow.
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This Day in U.S. Military History
July 31
1944 – On Tinian, American forces begin attacks on the last center of organized Japanese resistance, in the south of the island.
1964 – Ranger 7, an unmanned U.S. lunar probe, takes the first close-up images of the moon–4,308 in total–before it impacts with the lunar surface northwest of the Sea of the Clouds. The images were 1,000 times as clear as anything ever seen through earth-bound telescopes. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) had attempted a similar mission earlier in the year–Ranger 6–but the probe's cameras had failed as it descended to the lunar surface. Ranger 7, launched from Earth on July 28, successfully activated its cameras 17 minutes, or 1,300 miles, before impact and began beaming the images back to NASA's receiving station in California. The pictures showed that the lunar surface was not excessively dusty or otherwise treacherous to a potential spacecraft landing, thus lending encouragement to the NASA plan to send astronauts to the moon. In July 1969, two Americans walked on the moon in the first Apollo Program lunar landing mission.
1964 – All-nuclear task force with USS Long Beach, USS Enterprise, and USS Bainbridge leaves Norfolk, VA to begin voyage, Operation Sea Orbit, to circle the globe without refueling. They returned on 3 October.
1971 – Apollo 15 astronauts (Dave Scott) took a drive on the moon in their land rover.
1972 – Hanoi challenges the Nixon administration on the dike controversy, claiming that since April there had been 173 raids against the dikes in North Vietnam with direct hits in 149 locations. On July 28, in response to claims by the Soviet Union that the United States had conducted an intentional two-month bombing campaign designed to destroy the dikes and dams of the Tonkin Delta in North Vietnam, a CIA report was made public by the Nixon administration. It stated that U.S. bombing at 12 locations had caused accidental minor damage to North Vietnam's dikes, but the damage was unintentional and the dikes were not the intended targets of the bombings. The nearly 2,000 miles of dikes on the Tonkin plain, and more than 2,000 miles of dikes along the sea, made civilized life possible in the Red River Delta. Had the dikes been intentionally targeted, their destruction would have destroyed centuries of patient work and caused the drowning or starvation of hundreds of thousands of peasants. Bombing the dikes had been advocated by some U.S. strategists since the beginning of U.S. involvement in the war, but had been rejected outright by U.S. presidents sitting during the war as an act of terrorism.
.Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
KISTERS, GERRY H.
Rank and organization: Second Lieutenant (then Sergeant), U.S. Army, 2d Armored Division. Place and date: Near Gagliano, Sicily, 31 July 1943. Entered service at: Bloomington, Ind. Birth: Salt Lake City, Utah. G.O. No.: 13, 18 February 1944. Citation: On 31 July 1943, near Gagliano, Sicily, a detachment of 1 officer and 9 enlisted men, including Sgt. Kisters, advancing ahead of the leading elements of U.S. troops to fill a large crater in the only available vehicle route through Gagliano, was taken under fire by 2 enemy machineguns. Sgt. Kisters and the officer, unaided and in the face of intense small arms fire, advanced on the nearest machinegun emplacement and succeeded in capturing the gun and its crew of 4. Although the greater part of the remaining small arms fire was now directed on the captured machinegun position, Sgt. Kisters voluntarily advanced alone toward the second gun emplacement. While creeping forward, he was struck 5 times by enemy bullets, receiving wounds in both legs and his right arm. Despite the wounds, he continued to advance on the enemy, and captured the second machinegun after killing 3 of its crew and forcing the fourth member to flee. The courage of this soldier and his unhesitating wil
RAMAGE, LAWSON PATERSON
Rank and organization: Commander, U.S. Navy, U.S.S. Parche. Place and date: Pacific, 31 July 1944. Entered service at: Vermont. Born: 19 January 1920, Monroe Bridge, Mass. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty as commanding officer of the U.S.S. Parche in a predawn attack on a Japanese convoy, 31 July 1944. Boldly penetrating the screen of a heavily escorted convoy, Comdr. Ramage launched a perilous surface attack by delivering a crippling stern shot into a freighter and quickly following up with a series of bow and stern torpedoes to sink the leading tanker and damage the second one. Exposed by the light of bursting flares and bravely defiant of terrific shellfire passing close overhead, he struck again, sinking a transport by two forward reloads. In the mounting fury of fire from the damaged and sinking tanker, he calmly ordered his men below, remaining on the bridge to fight it out with an enemy now disorganized and confused. Swift to act as a fast transport closed in to ram, Comdr. Ramage daringly swung the stern of the speeding Parche as she crossed the bow of the onrushing ship, clearing by less than 50 feet but placing his submarine in a deadly crossfire from escorts on all sides and with the transport dead ahead. Undaunted, he sent 3 smashing "down the throat" bow shots to stop the target, then scored a killing hit as a climax to 46 minutes of violent action with the Parche and her valiant fighting company retiring victorious and unscathed.
*YOUNG, RODGER W.
Rank and organization: Private, U.S. Army, 148th Infantry, 37th Infantry Division. Place and date: On New Georgia, Solomon Islands, 31 July 1943. Entered service at: Clyde, Ohio. Birth: Tiffin, Ohio. G.O. No.: 3, 6 January 1944. Citation: On 31 July 1943, the infantry company of which Pvt. Young was a member, was ordered to make a limited withdrawal from the battle line in order to adjust the battalion's position for the night. At this time, Pvt. Young's platoon was engaged with the enemy in a dense jungle where observation was very limited. The platoon suddenly was pinned down by intense fire from a Japanese machinegun concealed on higher ground only 75 yards away. The initial burst wounded Pvt. Young. As the platoon started to obey the order to withdraw, Pvt. Young called out that he could see the enemy emplacement, whereupon he started creeping toward it. Another burst from the machinegun wounded him the second time. Despite the wounds, he continued his heroic advance, attracting enemy fire and answering with rifle fire. When he was close enough to his objective, he began throwing handgrenades, and while doing so was hit again and killed. Pvt. Young's bold action in closing with this Japanese pillbox and thus diverting its fire, permitted his platoon to disengage itself, without loss, and was responsible for several enemy casualties.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for July 31, 2020 FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
31 July
1912: Navy pilot Lt Theodore G. Ellyson launched the first airplane from a catapult, designed and built by Capt W. Irving Chambers (USN). The plane lifted from its platform on the seawall at Annapolis, but immediately dove into the water. (24)
1941: The Lockheed PV-1 Ventura first flew.
1952: PROJECT HOP-A-LONG. Two MATS Sikorsky H-19 helicopters completed the first trans-atlantic helicopter flight. They touched down five times en route between Westover Field and Prestwick, Scotland. This proved the feasibility of ferrying helicopters overseas. (2) (9)
1957: The DEW Line, a distant early warning radar defense installation extending across the Canadian Arctic, reported as fully operational. (11) (24)
1958: Construction of a prototype hardened Titan I launch control facility with a silo-lift launcher and blockhouse began at Cooke AFB. (6)
1964: Alian Parker set a new, world distance-in-a-straight-line record for gliders by flying 647.17 miles from Odessa to Kimball, Neb.
1968: Two UH-1F helicopters from USAF Southern Command helped the Costa Rican government evacuate people endangered by the Mount Arenal volcano. (16) (26) COMBAT BRONCO. The first new, twin-turboprop OV-10A Bronco aircraft arrived at Bien Hoa AB to fly armed forward air controller missions with the 504th Tactical Air Support Group. (17)
1969: The Mariner space probes used infrared spectrophotometer and detectors to determine the surface temperature and atmospheric composition of Mars. (16) 1970: The first class of foreign students to graduate under the President's Vietnamization Program completed undergraduate pilot training at Keesler AFB. (16) (26)
1973: First Boeing T-43A aircraft delivered to Mather AFB. (12)
1984: The 390 SMW at Davis-Monthan AFB became the first Titan II wing to inactivate under the missile phaseout program. (1) (26)
1987: Grumman's plant in Melbourne, Fla., received the first E-8A (a modified Boeing 707-300) aircraft for upgrading to the JSTARS configuration.
1989: Through 7 August, MAC aircraft moved nearly 1,000 fire fighters, 850 tons of equipment, and medical supplies to southwestern Idaho, where a raging fire spread through thousands of acres of forest. The aircraft also sprayed 3,350 tons of fire retardant on the fire from high altitudes. (16) (26)
1995: The 351st Missile Wing, the last Minuteman II unit, inactivated at Whiteman AFB, Mo. (16)
1999: Two improved T-38C fighter training aircraft transferred from Edwards AFB to Columbus AFB, Miss., for testing. At Edwards, the T-38s completed a development test and evaluation of the aircraft's Avionics Upgrade Program, while the move to Columbus took the planes into initial operational testing and evaluation for Specialized Undergraduate Pilot Training course and Introduction to Fighter Fundamentals. (AFNEWS Article 991727, 18 Sep 99)
2001: A B-2 Spirit successfully launched its first Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile (JASSM) at China Lake. Launched at 14,000 feet, the stealthy JASSM conducted a suite of preprogrammed maneuvers, including a full 360-degree segmented roll, and then tracked to its target. (3)
2006: AFFTC conducted a live fly exercise with pilots using a Network Centric Warfare environment for the first time. Pilots in multiple types of aircraft connected to data links of several real and simulated players over a US-wide distributed network. (3)
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