Good Monday morning September 11, 2023
I will never forget the first 911. I was in my office and someone came running in to say a plane flew into one of the Twin Towers. I had remembered reading about an army Air force B-25 that had flown in to the Empire State building in the 40s. But did not think with all electronics and RADAR in this day it was an accident had to be on purpose.
So a few minutes later someone said they had got the big TV on in our conference room and it was live so I went to look and as I entered the room I saw the second plane hit and knew that the world had changed. The List had been running Since February of 2000 and soon had lots of information to get out.
I think everyone should watch this every year because we have forgotten and the woke generation has taken over and they do not teach any history in the schools any more. But you can find it here in the List
Regards
Skip
Today in Naval and Marine Corps History Thanks to NHHC
September 11
1814—During the Battle of Lake Champlain, Commodore Thomas Macdonough anchors his
ships in a position that the British squadron attacks head on, using only a few guns at a time. The British squadron is defeated, ending the final invasion of the British in the northern states. USS Lake Champlain (CG 57), a guided missile cruiser, is named after the famous battle.
1942—Pharmacist's Mate First Class Wheeler B. Lipes performs an emergency appendectomy on Seaman 1st Class Darrell D. Rector on board USS Seadragon (SS 194) on patrol in the South China Sea.
1943—During the Salerno, Italy operations, USS Savannah (CL 42) is hit by a German guided bomb. The explosion kills nearly 200 of her crew, but she remains under her own power to return to the U.S. for repairs.
1944—USS Albacore (SS 218) torpedoes and sinks the Japanese auxiliary submarine chaser (Cha 165) off Kyushu, Japan, while USS Finback (SS 230) sinks Japanese army cargo ship, Hassho Maru, and merchant cargo ship, No. 2, Hakuun Maru, north of Chichi Jima. Also on this date, USS Pargo (SS 264) sinks Japanese auxiliary netlayer, Hinoki Maru, in Java Sea.
1982—USS Michigan (SSGN 727) is commissioned at Groton, CT. The second Ohio-class nuclear-powered guided missile submarine, it is the third Navy vessel to honor the State of Michigan.
2001—American Airlines Flight 77 is hijacked by terrorists and hits the Pentagon, causing 184 fatalities. Specific to DON, the fatalities are: 33 military personnel, six civilians, and three contractors. American Airlines Flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175 hit the Twin Towers at the World Trade Center, New York City. United Airlines Flight 93 goes down in Shanksville, PA, after passengers engage the hijackers.
2010—USNS Washington Chambers (T-AKE 11) is christened and launched and now operated by the Military Sealift Command. The dry cargo/ammunition ship provides ammunition, food, repair parts, stores and small quantities of fuel for the U.S. Marine Corps. The ship is named for Capt. Washington Chambers, a pioneer in US naval aviation.
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Today in World History
September 11
1297 Scots under William Wallace defeat the English at Stirling Bridge.
1695 Imperial troops under Eugene of Savoy defeat the Turks at the Battle of Zenta.
1709 John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, wins the bloodiest battle of the 18th century at great cost, against the French at Malplaquet.
1740 The first mention of an African American doctor or dentist in the colonies is made in the Pennsylvania Gazette.
1777 General George Washington and his troops are defeated by the British under General Sir William Howe at the Battle of Brandywine in Pennsylvania.
1786 The Convention of Annapolis opens with the aim of revising the Articles of Confederation.
1802 Piedmont, Italy, is annexed by France.
1814 U.S. forces led by Thomas Macdonough route the British fleet on Lake Champlain.
1847 Stephen Foster's "Oh! Susanna" is first performed in a saloon in Pittsburgh.
1850 Soprano opera singer Jenny Lind, the "Swedish Nightingale," makes her American debut at New York's Castle Garden Theater.
1864 A 10-day truce is declared between generals William Sherman and John Hood so civilians may leave Atlanta, Georgia.
1857 Indians incited by Mormon John D. Lee kill 120 California-bound settlers in the Mountain Meadows Massacre.
1904 The battleship Connecticut, launched in New York, introduces a new era in naval construction.
1916 The "Star Spangled Banner" is sung at the beginning of a baseball game for the first time in Cooperstown, New York.
1944 American troops enter Luxembourg.
1962 Thurgood Marshall is appointed a judge of the 2nd Circuit Court of Appeals.
1965 The 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) arrives in South Vietnam and is stationed at An Khe.
1974 Haile Selassie I is deposed from the Ethiopian throne.
2001 In an unprecedented, highly coordinated attack, terrorists hijack four U.S. passenger airliners, flying two into the World Trade Center towers in New York and one into the Pentagon, killing thousands. The fourth airliner, headed toward Washington likely to strike the White House or Capitol, is crashed just over 100 miles away in Pennsylvania after passengers storm the cockpit and overtake the hijackers.
2005 Israel completes its unilateral disengagement of all Israeli civilians and military from the Gaza Strip.
2007 Russia detonates a nano-bomb; dubbed the "Father of All Bombs," it is the largest non-nuclear weapon developed to date.
2012 US consulate in Benghazi, Libya, is attacked and burned down; 4 Americans are killed including the US ambassador, J. Christopher Stevens.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Skip… For The List for Monday, 11 September 2023… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 11 September 1968… "THERE WAS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR ROLLING THUNDER"…
Thanks to Micro
From Vietnam Air Losses site for Monday, September 11
September 11th: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=3002
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Servicemembers Killed in the Vietnam War
The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
AUGUST 15, 2022
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Thanks to Al
Monday Morning Thoughts--Patriot Day and Honor Flights
History of Patriot Day
It was a terrifying day when four planes were hijacked on September 11, 2001 (also known as nine-eleven). The hijackers flew three planes into iconic buildings: the Pentagon in Washington DC and the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York. The fourth plane crashed in a field in Pennsylvania after the plane passengers fought the hijackers. Nobody is certain where it was supposed to crash, but some people believe it was headed for the White House, the U.S. Capitol, the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland, or one of several nuclear power plants along the eastern seaboard.
The impact of this attack was devastating. Around 3,000 lives were lost between plane passengers, those in the buildings that were struck, and front-line workers trying to save people. It was the biggest act of terrorism ever in the United States. Since then, airplane security has become stricter in many countries as they attempt to avoid a future terrorist attack like nine-eleven.
The majority of lives that were people that worked in the Twin Towers, especially the floors above the collision point as people were trapped and stranded at the top of the burning skyscraper. 411 men and women working in emergency services lost their lives trying to fight fires and rescue people from the buildings. It was a heartbreaking attack, which is why Patriot Day was proclaimed by President George W. Bush and is recognized every year on September 11.
On Patriot Day, U.S. flags are lowered halfway, and there is a country-wide moment of silence at 8:46 am (Eastern Daylight Time), which is when the first plane crashed into one of the Twin Towers. Although the attacks were in the U.S., Patriot Day is recognized worldwide as the news devastated and impacted people all over.
Ways to Celebrate Patriot Day
• Fly an American Flag--Show your patriotism by flying the Stars and Stripes for Patriot Day. A flag is a symbol of freedom, strength, courage and honor.
• Attend a 9/11 Memorial Service--Organizations like the American Red Cross often hold memorials to remember those lost on 9/11. Attend one of these services to pay your respects.
• Donate to a Charity--Support organizations that are helping people affected by the events of 9/11, such as the 9/11 Memorial Museum or the Twin Towers Orphan Fund.
• Write Letters of Appreciation--Send letters of appreciation to those who serve in our Armed Forces or to those who were involved in the rescue and recovery efforts after 9/11.
• Take Time to Reflect--Patriot Day is a day for reflection and remembrance. Take some time out of your day to reflect on the events that happened on September 11th, 2001.
Why Patriot Day Is Important
• Patriot Day reminds us of our past--Patriot Day helps remind us of our nation's story and the courage it took to win independence from colonial rule. It gives us all a chance to reflect on the accomplishments of our founding fathers and honor those who have served our country in some way.
• Patriot Day honors victims of terror attacks--By designating September 11th as Patriot Day, we are able to honor those who were lost in the 9/11 terrorist attacks. It is a time for Americans to come together in solidarity and remember the lives that were taken by committing acts of kindness and service in their memory.
• Patriot Day celebrates bravery and heroism--On Patriot Day, we celebrate brave men and women who have sacrificed so much to protect our country and our way of life. We recognize their courage and strength, and express gratitude for all they've done - both publicly and privately - to make America a free nation.
Along the same line, is another program which honors those who have served. The Honor Flight Network is a national nonprofit organization comprised of independent hubs working together to achieve the Honor Flight mission. In furtherance of this common goal, we have the enormous privilege of showing our nation's veterans the appreciation and honor they deserve.
Participation in an Honor Flight trip gives veterans the opportunity to share this momentous occasion with other comrades, remember the fallen, and share their stories and experiences with other veterans. Honored veterans always travel free of charge, thanks to generous donations to our organization.
The MISSION--To celebrate America's veterans by inviting them to share in a day of honor at our nation's memorials.
The VISION--A nation where all of America's veterans experience the honor, gratitude, and community of support they deserve.
The next scheduled Honor Flight from San Diego is September 29-October 1.
For more information on the Honor Flight Network visit https://www.honorflight.org/
Honor Flight—Family and Friends Mail Call Letters
Family and Friends Mail Call letters: The best part of our flight is when the veterans receive special letters, pictures and drawing from family and friends (grandchildren) in their mail package. This is the perfect time to say all the wonderful things that you have been thinking about your veteran, but never got around to saying.
It is always nicer for the veterans to receive hand written cards and letters (please get those to Saundra Cima as soon as possible. I would appreciate you snail-mailing letters to her instead of emailing. Only email letters to her, if you cannot get them to her any other way!!!! Start mailing now.
Very, very, very important: Always write the veteran's name on all letters or emails.
Saundra Cima
2909 Candil Place
Carlsbad, CA 92009
Family and Friend Mail call is one of the most special things we do for our veterans on our flight to DC... These letters truly touch the veterans hearts.
Make sure your veteran gets lots of mail in their special Family Mail Call packet.
Nothing breaks my heart more than a veteran not receiving letters from family and friends in their "Family and Friend mail call" envelope.
Honor Flight Homecoming--Sunday, Oct. 1
It's that time again...time to welcome home our WWII, Korean, and Vietnam War Veterans. Wear your patriotic attire, make signs, and bring American flags to the San Diego Airport, Terminal 2 Baggage Claim on Sunday, Oct. 1.
We are scheduled to arrive at 1:15 p.m., but you will want to be there by NOON in case we catch a tailwind. Follow our flight on Alaska Airlines #9677.
Due to airport construction, there will NOT be enough spaces in the airport parking garage for all attendees. It is HIGHLY recommended that you carpool, use Ride Share services, or park in Port of San Diego lots at the corner of Pacific Highway and Sassafras Streets. If you are driving mobility-challenged attendees to the homecoming, please consider dropping them off at Terminal 2 first, then park.
There will be two Sundance Stage Lines buses running continuously with FREE service to/from Terminal 2 Baggage Claim between 11:30 am and 3:30 pm. The Port of San Diego lots are FREE, the airport garage is not.
In honor of patriot Day and for all it represents, this email was sent at 8:46 AM (EDT) this morning,
Al
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Attack on America
At 8:45 a.m. on a clear Tuesday morning, an American Airlines Boeing 767 loaded with 20,000 gallons of jet fuel crashes into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The impact left a gaping, burning hole near the 80th floor of the 110-story skyscraper, instantly killing hundreds of people and trapping hundreds more in higher floors. As the evacuation of the tower and its twin got underway, television cameras broadcasted live images of what initially appeared to be a freak accident. Then, 18 minutes after the first plane hit, a second Boeing 767–United Airlines Flight 175–appeared out of the sky, turned sharply toward the World Trade Center, and sliced into the south tower at about the 60th floor. The collision caused a massive explosion that showered burning debris over surrounding buildings and the streets below. America was under attack.
The attackers were Islamic terrorists from Saudi Arabia and several other Arab nations. Reportedly financed by Saudi fugitive Osama bin Laden's al Qaeda terrorist organization, they were allegedly acting in retaliation for America's support of Israel, its involvement in the Persian Gulf War, and its continued military presence in the Middle East. Some of the terrorists had lived in the United States for more than a year and had taken flying lessons at American commercial flight schools. Others had slipped into the U.S. in the months before September 11 and acted as the "muscle" in the operation. The 19 terrorists easily smuggled box-cutters and knives through security at three East Coast airports and boarded four flights bound for California, chosen because the planes were loaded with fuel for the long transcontinental journey. Soon after takeoff, the terrorists commandeered the four planes and took the controls, transforming the ordinary commuter jets into guided missiles.
As millions watched in horror the events unfolding in New York, American Airlines Flight 77 circled over downtown Washington and slammed into the west side of the Pentagon military headquarters at 9:45 a.m. Jet fuel from the Boeing 757 caused a devastating inferno that led to a structural collapse of a portion of the giant concrete building. All told, 125 military personnel and civilians were killed in the Pentagon along with all 64 people aboard the airliner.
Less than 15 minutes after the terrorists struck the nerve center of the U.S. military, the horror in New York took a catastrophic turn for the worse when the south tower of the World Trade Center collapsed in a massive cloud of dust and smoke. The structural steel of the skyscraper, built to withstand winds in excess of 200 mph and a large conventional fire, could not withstand the tremendous heat generated by the burning jet fuel. At 10:30 a.m., the other Trade Center tower collapsed. Close to 3,000 people died in the World Trade Center and its vicinity, including a staggering 343 firefighters and paramedics, 23 New York City police officers, and 37 Port Authority police officers who were struggling to complete an evacuation of the buildings and save the office workers trapped on higher floors. Only six people in the World Trade Center towers at the time of their collapse survived. Almost 10,000 other people were treated for injuries, many severe.
Meanwhile, a fourth California-bound plane–United Flight 93–was hijacked about 40 minutes after leaving Newark International Airport in New Jersey. Because the plane had been delayed in taking off, passengers on board learned of events in New York and Washington via cell phone and Airfone calls to the ground. Knowing that the aircraft was not returning to an airport as the hijackers claimed, a group of passengers and flight attendants planned an insurrection. One of the passengers, Thomas Burnett, Jr., told his wife over the phone that "I know we're all going to die. There's three of us who are going to do something about it. I love you, honey." Another passenger–Todd Beamer–was heard saying "Are you guys ready? Let's roll" over an open line. Sandy Bradshaw, a flight attendant, called her husband and explained that she had slipped into a galley and was filling pitchers with boiling water. Her last words to him were "Everyone's running to first class. I've got to go. Bye."
The passengers fought the four hijackers and are suspected to have attacked the cockpit with a fire extinguisher. The plane then flipped over and sped toward the ground at upwards of 500 miles per hour, crashing in a rural field in western Pennsylvania at 10:10 a.m. All 45 people aboard were killed. Its intended target is not known, but theories include the White House, the U.S. Capitol, the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland, or one of several nuclear power plants along the eastern seaboard.
At 7 p.m., President George W. Bush, who had spent the day being shuttled around the country because of security concerns, returned to the White House. At 9 p.m., he delivered a televised address from the Oval Office, declaring "Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve." In a reference to the eventual U.S. military response he declared: "We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them."
Operation Enduring Freedom, the U.S.-led international effort to oust the Taliban regime in Afghanistan and destroy Osama bin Laden's terrorist network based there, began on October 7, 2001. Bin Laden was killed during a raid of his compound in Pakistan by U.S. forces on May 2, 2011.
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Thanks to Micro
Interesting insights into Biden:
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Thanks to Dr. Rich
Astronaut Frank Rubio breaks US record in space
NASA astronaut Frank Rubio floats aboard the International Space Station. On Monday (Sept. 11), he breaks the U.S. record for the single longest spaceflight at 355 days, 3 hours, 46 minutes. (Image credit: NASA)
Frank Rubio didn't set out to break a record, but today aboard the International Space Station (ISS), he will do just that.
Rubio, a NASA astronaut and member of the space station's 69th expedition crew, will become the American who has flown the longest space mission in U.S. history. At 1:39 p.m. EDT (1739 GMT) on Monday (Sept. 11), he will surpass the 355 days, 3 hours and 45 minutes logged by NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei in 2022.
Further, since he is not scheduled to land until Sept. 27, Rubio will soon become the first American, and one of only seven people, to spend a year or more in space, ultimately returning to Earth after 371 days in Earth orbit.
Related: The most extreme human spaceflight records
"It's an honor to be able to be considered one of the people that's going to have spent a year in space," said Rubio in a recent interview with ABC's Good Morning America. "And for sure this record will soon be broken again."
"I think this [duration] is really significant, in the sense that it teaches us that the human body can endure, it can adapt and — as we prepare to push back to the moon and then from there, onward onto hopefully Mars and further on into the solar system — I think it's really important that we learn just how the human body learns to adapt, and how we can optimize that process so that we can improve our performance as we explore further and further out from Earth," he said.
Rubio launched on this flight, his first, on Sept. 21, 2022. Riding aboard Russia's Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft, Rubio and his crewmates — Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitry Petelin — were then slated to return to Earth after about six months on the space station.
Then on Dec. 14, as Prokopyev and Petelin were preparing for a spacewalk, Russian flight controllers received telemetry showing that the exterior coolant system for the Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft was losing pressure. Cameras on the station confirmed that the Soyuz was leaking its ammonia coolant into space.
Deemed no longer safe to return a crew to Earth, a "rescue" Soyuz, MS-23, was launched on Feb. 23 and Prokopyev, Petelin and Rubio's stay on the station was extended another six months. Rather than serve on just the Expedition 67 and 68 crews, the three also became part of Expedition 69. (Their departure on Soyuz MS-23 will mark the beginning of Expedition 70).
"Frank thought when he flew to space, he would be here for six months. And partway through his mission, he found out that it was extended to a year," said NASA astronaut Warren "Woody" Hoburg, during an on-orbit press conference preceding his return to Earth after six months on Sept. 3. "His leadership up here has been incredible. He's been amazing to work with and Frank is just making a huge sacrifice being away from his family for so long."
Like Rubio, Vande Hei also did not know he would be spending nearly a year in space when he launched to the space station. Rather than an incapacitated spacecraft, though, Vande Hei's extended stay was to accommodate a Russian movie crew's visit to the station and to protect against a crew rotation schedule that could leave the complex without an American on board.
Vande Hei's 355 days surpassed Scott Kelly's mission that spanned 2015 to 2016. Kelly's 340 days was planned from the start as a means of gathering physiological data about the effects of a longer duration spaceflight on the human body.
Rubio's Soyuz MS-23 crewmates, Prokopyev and Petelin, are the fifth and sixth Russians to spend a year in space and the first two to do so on the International Space Station. Soviet-era cosmonauts Sergey Avdeev, Musa Manarov, Vladimir Titov and Valery Polyakov each logged more than 365 days on the former space station Mir. (Polyakov, who died in 2022, still holds the record for the longest single space mission at 437 days.)
A former flight surgeon, Rubio said he expects his return home to be a challenge.
"After about six months in space, most people have a little bit of a hard time with their vestibular system and their equilibrium. So after 12 months that can be a challenge," he said. "It might take a couple of days before I'm somewhat normal, but the reality is it's going to take anywhere from two to six months of really intense rehab to get back to my normal, and that's just part of the process."
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Thanks to Interesting Facts
The Stories — and Real People — Behind 8 Famous Brand Icons
Some mascots are born in boardrooms — like Betty Crocker, who started as a fictional advice columnist, or the Geico Gecko, who came about during an actors strike. Others grew more organically, or at least were based in reality. Sometimes the inspiration is a heavily branded version of a company founder, and sometimes it's a family member. Some mascots have nothing to do with the company at all. How did the little boy get on the Cracker Jack box — and what does Captain Morgan have to do with rum? These eight brand icons have origin stories based in real life.
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Wendy Thomas Beat Out Her Siblings for Burger Stardom
Melinda "Wendy" Thomas, the pigtailed, redheaded girl who graces the logo for burger chain Wendy's, was a real person — the daughter of the chain's founder, Dave Thomas. The illustration is based on a photograph taken at a Columbus, Ohio, photo studio in 1969, when she was just 8 years old.
It turns out that Wendy wasn't the only kid up for the role. The Thomas family had four other children: her older sisters Pam, Lori, and Molly, and a brother, Kenny. Wendy, with her red hair and dusting of freckles, had, as she told People in 1990, the "all-American mug" her dad was looking for.
The elder Thomas, who died in 2002, eventually regretted naming his restaurant chain after his kid because, as a de facto spokesperson, she "lost some of her privacy." Wendy did use her face to sell Wendy's burgers — this time as an adult — one more time in 2011, promoting a burger named after her father.
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The Real Duncan Hines Couldn't Cook
Before he lent his name to baking mixes, Duncan Hines, born in Kentucky in 1880, was a traveling office supply salesman, a profession that didn't allow much time for home cooking. Instead, Hines became a discerning patron of local restaurants, taking notes on food quality and even food safety. Car trips were becoming more a part of everyday life during his days on the road in the 1920s through the 1940s, so when he self-published a guidebook called Adventures in Good Eating in 1936, it was a big hit. He updated and re-released the guide each year until he retired in 1954.
His favored restaurants started displaying "Recommended by Duncan Hines" in their windows — kind of like Zagat today. After releasing a couple of popular sequels, Hines, then 72, teamed up with advertising exec Roy H. Park in 1949 to form Hines-Park Foods. The company merged with Proctor and Gamble in 1957.
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Captain Morgan Was a 17th-Century Welsh Buccaneer
Buccaneers were a very specific kind of quasi-legal seafarer that sailed around the Caribbean agitating the Spanish empire, typically with financial backing from the English. Captain Morgan is perhaps the most famous of them all, and made a tidy fortune; he invested in sugar plantations and amassed a fleet of 36 ships. But in 1671, he made a crucial error when he attacked Spanish-held Panama City after England had signed a treaty with Spain. England made a show of arresting him, but when he got back to England he was knighted by King Charles II. He eventually returned to Jamaica, was appointed lieutenant governor, and lived the rest of his life in the Caribbean.
Morgan didn't have any input on the spiced rum bearing his name, as far as anyone knows, but when the distillery Seagram's purchased the recipe from a Jamaican pharmacy in 1944, he apparently seemed like a fitting mascot.
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"Boyardee" Is a Phonetic Spelling of "Boiardi"
Chef Boyardee was a real person, and he was famous before he lent his face to one of America's most popular canned food brands. He started his career in his native Italy at age 11 and, after settling in Cleveland, Ohio, with his family in the late 1920s, opened an Italian restaurant. Customers loved the food so much that they asked how to make it at home, so he started selling pasta, sauce, and cheese, helping to bring Italian cooking into the mainstream in American households.
His company was originally called Chef Boiardi, but it was hard for many Americans of the day to pronounce, so he changed the brand's name to Chef Boy-ar-Dee. The company is best known for premade canned meals today, but when the products first hit the grocery store, Chef Boy-ar-Dee was the largest American importer of Parmesan cheese. Boiardi sold his company to American Home Foods Company in 1946, but continued consulting and appearing in commercials until around 1979.
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Ronald McDonald Was Played by a Famous Weatherman
Willard Scott, the face of Ronald Mcdonald
When McDonald's began in the 1940s, it was started by two real McDonalds: Maurice and Richard, a pair of brothers in San Bernardino, California. The company grew throughout the 1950s through franchising, meaning that business owners would operate McDonald's locations under national brand guidelines.
One branch in Washington, D.C., owned by John Gibson and Oscar Goldstein, sponsored a local broadcast of the incredibly popular children's show Bozo's Circus, starring the red-haired Bozo the Clown. The character was one of the first national celebrities for children, and even before he hit the TV screen, he lent his face to books, records, and other kids' products. In D.C., Bozo was played by longtime Today show weatherman Willard Scott.
The sponsorship was so profitable that after the series ended in 1963, the franchise hired Scott to create his own clown for advertisements: "the silliest and hamburger-eatingest clown, Ronald McDonald." The original design featured a food tray for a hat and a styrofoam cup for a nose, a far cry from the Ronald McDonald character that would eventually become synonymous with the brand. The idea was a success, and other franchise owners started following suit with their own clowns.
Eventually, Goldstein pitched their clown idea to the parent company, but the latter was reluctant at first. It only agreed because of the D.C. branch's sales numbers, and debuted Ronald McDonald nationally at the 1965 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. McDonald's did, however, fire Scott for being too rotund the next year, hiring a new performer and redesigning the character into something closer to what we know today.
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The Cracker Jack Boy (and His Dog) Were a Founder's Family Members
The story of Cracker Jack started in the 1870s, when German immigrant Frederick W. Rueckheim and his younger brother Louis started selling bricks of popcorn out of a small office in Chicago. They began selling their caramel corn in the 1890s, and by the end of the century, their creation — and the innovative waxed box that kept its contents fresh — was a sensation. The brand was immortalized in the song "Take Me Out to the Ballgame" in 1908, cementing it as an American icon.
As World War I rolled around and anti-German sentiment started rising in America, Cracker Jack needed a show of patriotism to boost declining sales. The company redesigned the boxes in red, white, and blue colors, and for an extra wholesome touch, the elder Rueckheim added an illustration of his grandson, which first appeared in ads and then packages around 1918. Sadly, the boy died of pneumonia at age 8, so his image stayed on the box as a memorial.
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A 14-Year-Old Boy Designed Mr. Peanut
The Planters Peanut Company was only a decade old when it held a contest in 1916 for the company's trademark, with a $5 prize (about $150 today). Antonio Gentile, a boy in his early teens from Suffolk, Virginia — part of the same Italian immigrant community as Planters founder Amedeo Obici — drew an anthropomorphic peanut serving hot peanuts, exercising, and walking with a gentleman's cane.
A graphic designer spruced up Mr. Peanut, giving him his trademark monocle and top hat, and in 1918, he appeared in a full-page ad in the Saturday Evening Post. It was the first national ad campaign for not just Planters, but any peanut brand. Mr. Peanut still graces Planters products and ad campaigns, sometimes with some trendy adjustments, like roller blades in the 1990s or, more recently, his death and resurrection as a little baby nut.
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The Michelin Man Was Originally "the Road Drunkard"
The Michelin Man is pretty cuddly-looking for a stack of tires, but at the turn of the 20th century, he was a little scarier, or at least more of a lush. In fact, he was originally born from a design created for a brewery. When the poster artist hired by Michelin showed co-founder Andre Michelin a rejected brewery poster design of a burly human man raising a beer mug, the co-founder wondered what he would look like if he were made of tires. The final ad was a man-shaped stack of tires with human hands and pince-nez spectacles holding a champagne glass full of road debris as if in toast, as a couple of other tire-men looked on. It read "nunc est bibendum," a Latin quote meaning "now it is time to drink," and, in French, "the Michelin tire drinks up obstacles." The company called the man "Bibendum," and after this poster, people started calling him "the road drunkard."
It would be a while before the tire took on the role of a friendly helper. Until the 1920s, he kept his glass and accessories, and often smoked a cigar; back when only the wealthy could afford cars, this helped him reach the company's target audience. Today, he's a more wholesome character.
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Thanks to Gary….no comment
Highest Military Awards Must Use Gender-Neutral Pronouns, DOD Says
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This Day in U S Military History
1814 – During the Battle of Plattsburg on Lake Champlain, a newly built U.S. fleet under Master Commandant Thomas Macdonough destroys a British squadron, forcing the British to abandon their siege of the U.S. fort at Plattsburg and retreat to Canada on foot. The American victory saved New York from possible invasion and helped lead to the conclusion of peace negotiations between Britain and the United States in Ghent, Belgium. The War of 1812 began on June 18, 1812, when the United States declared war on Britain. The war declaration, opposed by a sizable minority in Congress, had been called in response to the British economic blockade of France, the induction of American seamen into the British Royal Navy against their will, and the British support of hostile Indian tribes along the Great Lakes frontier. A faction of Congress known as the "War Hawks" had been advocating war with Britain for several years and had not hidden their hopes that a U.S. invasion of Canada might result in significant territorial gains for the United States. In the months after President James Madison proclaimed the state of war to be in effect, American forces launched a three-point invasion of Canada, all of which were decisively unsuccessful. In 1814, with Napoleon Bonaparte's French empire collapsing, the British were able to allocate more military resources to the American war, and Washington, D.C., fell to the British in August. In Washington, British troops burned the White House, the Capitol, and other buildings in retaliation for the earlier burning of government buildings in Canada by U.S. soldiers. In September 1814, the tide of the war turned when Thomas Macdonough's American naval force won a decisive victory at the Battle of Plattsburg, New York. The American victory on Lake Champlain led to the conclusion of U.S.-British peace negotiations in Belgium, and on December 24, 1814, the Treaty of Ghent was signed, formally ending the War of 1812. By the terms of the agreement, all conquered territory was to be returned, and a commission would be established to settle the boundary of the United States and Canada. British forces assailing the Gulf Coast were not informed of the treaty in time, and on January 8, 1815, the U.S. forces under Andrew Jackson achieved the greatest American victory of the war at the Battle of New Orleans. The American public heard of Jackson's victory and the Treaty of Ghent at approximately the same time, fostering a greater sentiment of self-confidence and shared identity throughout the young republic.
1918 – US troops landed in Russia to fight the Bolsheviks.
1918 – Often called the "war of the machines," World War I marked the beginning of a new kind of warfare, fought with steel and shrapnel. Automotive manufacturers led the way in this new technology of war, producing engines for planes, building tanks, and manufacturing military vehicles. Packard was at the forefront of these efforts, being among the first American companies to completely cease civilian car production. Packard had already been the largest producer of trucks for the Allies, but the company began devoting all of its facilities to war production on this day, just a few months before the end of the war. Even after Packard resumed production of civilian vehicles, its wartime engines appeared in a number of vehicles, from racing cars and boats to British tanks in the next world war.
1919 – US marines invaded Honduras (again).
2001 – At 8:45 a.m. on a clear Tuesday morning, an American Airlines Boeing 767 loaded with 20,000 gallons of jet fuel crashes into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The impact left a gaping, burning hole near the 80th floor of the 110-story skyscraper, instantly killing hundreds of people and trapping hundreds more in higher floors. As the evacuation of the tower and its twin got underway, television cameras broadcasted live images of what initially appeared to be a freak accident. Then, 18 minutes after the first plane hit, a second Boeing 767–United Airlines Flight 175–appeared out of the sky, turned sharply toward the World Trade Center, and sliced into the south tower at about the 60th floor. The collision caused a massive explosion that showered burning debris over surrounding buildings and the streets below. America was under attack. The attackers were Islamic terrorists from Saudi Arabia and several other Arab nations. Reportedly financed by Saudi fugitive Osama bin Laden's al Qaeda terrorist organization, they were allegedly acting in retaliation for America's support of Israel, its involvement in the Persian Gulf War, and its continued military presence in the Middle East. Some of the terrorists had lived in the United States for more than a year and had taken flying lessons at American commercial flight schools. Others had slipped into the U.S. in the months before September 11 and acted as the "muscle" in the operation. The 19 terrorists easily smuggled box-cutters and knives through security at three East Coast airports and boarded four flights bound for California, chosen because the planes were loaded with fuel for the long transcontinental journey. Soon after takeoff, the terrorists commandeered the four planes and took the controls, transforming the ordinary commuter jets into guided missiles. As millions watched in horror the events unfolding in New York, American Airlines Flight 77 circled over downtown Washington and slammed into the west side of the Pentagon military headquarters at 9:45 a.m. Jet fuel from the Boeing 757 caused a devastating inferno that led to a structural collapse of a portion of the giant concrete building. All told, 125 military personnel and civilians were killed in the Pentagon along with all 64 people aboard the airliner. Less than 15 minutes after the terrorists struck the nerve center of the U.S. military, the horror in New York took a catastrophic turn for the worse when the south tower of the World Trade Center collapsed in a massive cloud of dust and smoke. The structural steel of the skyscraper, built to withstand winds in excess of 200 mph and a large conventional fire, could not withstand the tremendous heat generated by the burning jet fuel. At 10:30 a.m., the other Trade Center tower collapsed. Close to 4,000 people died in the World Trade Center and its vicinity, including a staggering 343 firefighters and 23 policemen who were struggling to complete an evacuation of the buildings and save the office workers trapped on higher floors. Only six people in the World Trade Center towers at the time of their collapse survived. Almost 10,000 other people were treated for injuries, many severe. Meanwhile, a fourth California-bound plane–United Flight 93–was hijacked about 40 minutes after leaving Newark International Airport in New Jersey. Because the plane had been delayed in taking off, passengers on board learned of events in New York and Washington via cell phone and Airfone calls to the ground. Knowing that the aircraft was not returning to an airport as the hijackers claimed, a group of passengers and flight attendants planned an insurrection. One of the passengers, Thomas Burnett, Jr., told his wife over the phone that "I know we're all going to die. There's three of us who are going to do something about it. I love you, honey." Another passenger–Todd Beamer–was heard saying "Are you guys ready? Let's roll" over an open line. Sandy Bradshaw, a flight attendant, called her husband and explained that she had slipped into a galley and was filling pitchers with boiling water. Her last words to him were "Everyone's running to first class. I've got to go. Bye." The passengers fought the four hijackers and are suspected to have attacked the cockpit with a fire extinguisher. The plane then flipped over and sped toward the ground at upwards of 500 miles per hour, crashing in a rural field in western Pennsylvania at 10:10 a.m. All 45 people aboard were killed. Its intended target is not known, but theories include the White House, the U.S. Capitol, the Camp David presidential retreat in Maryland, or one of several nuclear power plants along the eastern seaboard. At 7 p.m., President George W. Bush, who had spent the day being shuttled around the country because of security concerns, returned to the White House. At 9 p.m., he delivered a televised address from the Oval Office, declaring "Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve." In a reference to the eventual U.S. military response he declared: "We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them." Operation Enduring Freedom, the U.S.-led international effort to oust the Taliban regime in Afghanistan and destroy Osama bin Laden's terrorist network based there, began on October 7.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
JAMES, JOHN
Rank and organization: Corporal, 5th U.S. Infantry. Place and date: At Upper Wichita, Tex., 9-11 September 1874. Entered service at: ——. Birth: England. Date of issue: 23 April 1875. Citation: Gallantry in action.
MITCHELL, JOHN
Rank and organization: First Sergeant, Company I, 5th U.S. Infantry. Place and date: At Upper Washita, Tex., 9-11 September 1874. Entered service at: ——. Birth: Ireland. Date of issue: 23 April 1875. Citation: Gallantry in engagement with Indians.
MORRIS, WILLIAM W.
Rank and organization: Corporal, Company H, 6th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Upper Washita, Tex., 9-11 September 1874. Entered service at:——. Birth: Stewart County, Tenn. Date of issue: 23 April 1875. Citation: Gallantry in engagement with Indians.
NEILON, FREDERICK S.
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company A, 6th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Upper Washita, Tex., 9-11 September 1874. Entered service at:——. Birth: Boston, Mass. Date of issue: 23 April 1875. Citation: Gallantry in action.
PENNSYL, JOSIAH
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company M, 6th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Upper Washita, Tex., 11 September 1874. Entered service at:——. Birth: Frederick County, Md. Date of issue: 23 April 1875. Citation: Gallantry in action.
SHARPLESS, EDWARD C.
Rank and organization: Corporal, Company H, 6th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: At Upper Washita, Tex., 9-11 September 1874. Entered service at:——. Birth: Marion County, Ohio. Date of issue: 23 April 1875. Citation: While carrying dispatches was attacked by 125 hostile Indians, whom he (and a comrade) fought throughout the day.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for September 11, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
11 September
1920: Three airships flew in a formation flight under radio direction at Langley Field. (24)
1941: At Baltimore, the Glenn L. Martin Company displayed a 70-ton, 4-engine flying boat with a 200-foot wing spread, said to be the largest in the world. (24)
1944: Eighth Air Force began the last "shuttle raid" as 139 aircraft attacked an arms factory at Chemnitz, Germany, and flew on to bases in Russia. (4)
1948: FEAF SUPPORT FOR THE BERLIN AIRLIFT. FEAF received orders to send an air echelon with 36 C-54 aircraft and a skeleton group headquarters to USAFE on indefinite duty. FEAF sent the 317 TCG (Heavy) with the 22 TCS, 39 TCS, and 41st TCS (Heavy). The group's temporary transfer, coupled with the loss of 24 MATS C-54s from the theater to Germany for the airlift and a shipping strike on the West Coast, caused severe supply shortages throughout the Pacific.
1953: A Sidewinder N-7 (AIM-9) air-to-air missile made its first successful interception, sending a Grumman F6F-5K Hellcat drone down in flames at China Lake. (12) (20)
1955: Richard T. Whitcomb from NACA's Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory announced the area rule concept for airplane design. The supersonic Republic F-102 and Northrop T-38 used this 1953 concept to minimize transonic drag. The theory required that the cross-sectional area distribution along the length of an airplane should be similar to that of a smooth body. This concept, known as the "area rule," was a milestone discovery
1964: The Air Force decided to retire two Atlas squadrons and 105 liquid-fueled missiles made obsolete by the Minuteman and Polaris. (5) (16)
1968: The Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories at Hanscom AFB launched the largest research balloon, a 28.7-million-cubic-foot polyethylene sphere, to 158,000 feet from White Sands Missile Range. The balloon carried instruments for atmospheric measurements near strato-pause, and the flight ended near Needles, Calif., after 18 hours. This balloon broke two previous size records: 13.5 millioncubic-feet for a polyethylene balloon and 26-million-cubic-feet held by five fiber-reinforced Mylar balloons flown in 1966 and 1967. (5) (16)
1970: President Nixon ordered Federal guards to fly on US overseas flights to end air piracy. Shotgun rides began one day later with 100 Treasury agents.
1972: US aircraft destroyed the Long Bien Bridge over the Red River in downtown Hanoi. This event involved one of the most spectacular uses of precision-guided weapons in the war. (16) (26)
1981: The Air Staff decided to add ALCMs to the B-52H. Before, only G-models were scheduled to receive ALCMs. (12)
2001: ATTACK ON AMERICA/Operation NOBLE EAGLE. Arab terrorists hijacked four passenger airliners. They crashed two aircraft into the 110-story, twin tower World Trade Center in New York and one into the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., killing more than 3,000 people. Passengers in the fourth aircraft rushed the hijackers, and it crashed in a Pennsylvania field rather than another high-value target. The FAA grounded all airliners in the US for several days. President George W. Bush initiated a war on terrorism and homeland-defense efforts with combat air patrols within the US under the NOBLE EAGLE operation. (21) The ANG scrambled F-15s from Otis ANGB, Mass., and F-16s from Langley AFB to intercept hijacked commercial airliners bound for the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon, respectively, but arrived too late to thwart the terrorist attacks. (32) Shortly after the airliner attacks, NORAD initiated combat air patrols with USAF fighters over more than 30 American cities, while Navy fighters flew sorties off the Atlantic coast near New York. Within a few hours, 34 ANG fighter units had generated aircraft to fly combat missions, and in the first 24 hours, 15 units accomplished 179 fighter missions. In addition, 18 ANG tanker wings had generated 78 aircraft to support the fighters. (32)
2002: Operation ENDURING FREEDOM. In the year after the terrorist attacks on American soil, AMC aircraft flew 4,864 airlift missions to deliver 223,487 passengers and 304,801 short tons of cargo in support of this operation. C-17s and C-5s flew 48 percent and 30 percent of the missions, respectively. Additionally, KC-135s accomplished 2,760 air refueling missions and KC-10s another 176 missions in the one-year period. (22)
2004: Operations ENDURING FREEDOM and IRAQI FREEDOM. Since the 11 September 2001 terrorist attack on America, AMC completed 34,030 missions in support the two combat operations. AMC's organic and contracted commercial aircraft moved a total of 1,771,632 troops and 1,059,498 short tons of cargo, while KC-10 and KC-135 tankers performed 11,111 air refueling missions to refuel 15,396 aircraft. The three-year airlift into Afghanistan was the third largest airlift in history, with Operation VITTLES (Berlin Airlift) in 1948-1949 ranking first and Operations DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM (Gulf War) in 1990-1991 ranking second. (22)
2005: CONTINUING SUPPORT TO THE WAR ON TERRORISM. During the four years since the 2001 attack, AMC flew 53,530 missions. By mid-September 2005, AMC's organic aircraft and contracted commercial aircraft had moved 3,055,336 troops and 1,487,884 short tons of cargo. In late 2005, the support to Operations ENDURING FREEDOM and IRAQI FREEDOM surpassed the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War airlift effort to become history's second largest airlift, following the 1948-1949 Berlin Airlift. (22)
2007: Since 11 September 2001, the Air Mobility Command had completed 363,483 sorties to support Operations ENDURING FREEDOM and IRAQI FREEDOM. By mid-September 2007, the command's organic aircraft and contracted commercial aircraft had moved 5,854,158 troops and 2,551,432 short tons of cargo. Also, by September 2007, airlift operations to support the two operations constituted history's largest airlift in terms of total cargo transported. They surpassed the Berlin Airlift of 1948-1949 and Operation DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM of 1990-1991. The command's KC-10 and KC-135 tankers also performed 16,941 air refueling sorties to refuel more than 27,300 receiver aircraft. Since 11 September 2001, the command had transferred 1.1 billion gallons of fuel on its air refueling sorties around the world. (22)
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