The List 7384
To All
Good Saturday Morning December 13 2025 . It is supposed to be cloudy all day but it is clear right now and 57. The weather guessers are busy changing their guesses regularly this morning.
. Counting today we have 12 shopping days left before Christmas.
I still feel like a horse that was rode hard and put away wet. Constant coughing and such. I drugged myself up and put on sweat pants and sweat shirt and got some sleep last but the dogs woke me up before dawn since the girls are gone and they needed to be fed and let out to do their business. I had to open up the chicken cage also.
My daughter and her daughter left yesterday to drive north for a Lacrosse weekend. They play 3 games on Saturday and three on Sunday. They are almost always in the last game on Sunday. She already has a full scholarship in college to play lacrosse.
.Regards
skip
.HAGD
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For the Bubbas
Thanks to Dan, Dick and Don
Dan Donoghue <ddonoghue@earthlink.net>
Richard Evert <richardevert68@gmail.com>;
Don Bouchoux <wolfie5124@gmail.com>
The passing of George Moe
Hi Dick and Don, Here is the information from Dolores Moe regarding George's funeral service. I have sent this info to a number of others from our business days, and I know you both have additional circles that may be interested in this info. Despite this sad event, I hope you both have a good Christmas, and that I see you soon. Best, Dan
No religious service is planned.
His interment will be 14 January at 11:00 with full military honors and a Catholic priest presiding.
Holy Cross Catholic Cemetery, 4470 Hilltop Drive, San Diego 92101.
The location within the cemetery is the St. Junipero Serra section.
No reception is planned after the services.
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/. Go here to see the director's corner for all 94 H-Grams.
December 13
1775—The Continental Congress provides for the construction of five ships of 32 guns, five ships of 28 guns, and three ships of 24 guns at an estimated cost of $866,666. The ships are Hancock, Randolph, Raleigh, Warren, Washington, Congress, Effingham, Providence, Trumbull, Virginia, Boston, Delaware, and Montgomery.
1941—Cmdr. William A. Sullivan is designated the first Supervisor of Salvage.
1943—USS Osmond Ingram (DD 255), USS George E. Badger (DD 196), USS Clemson (DD 186), and FMs VC-19 from USS Bogue (CVE 9) sink German submarine U 172 west of the Canary Islands.
1943—USS Wainwright (DD 419) and British destroyer HMS Calpe sink German submarine U-593 150 miles northeast of Algiers.
1943—USS Sailfish (SS 192) sinks Japanese cargo ship Totai Maru east of Tokara Strait while PBY aircraft sink Tokiwa Maru in the Bismarck Sea.
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Today in World History December 13
1789 The National Guard is created in France.
1812 The last remnants of Napoleon Bonaparte's Grand Armeé reach the safety of Kovno, Poland, after the failed Russian campaign. Napoleon's costly retreat from Moscow
1814 General Andrew Jackson announces martial law in New Orleans, Louisiana, as British troops disembark at Lake Borne, 40 miles east of the city. The Battle of New Orleans
1862 The Battle of Fredericksburg ends with the bloody slaughter of onrushing Union troops at Marye's Heights. Maine's Colonel Chamberlain at Marye's Heights.
1902 The Committee of Imperial Defense holds its first meeting in London.
1908 The Dutch take two Venezuelan Coast Guard ships.
1937 The Japanese army occupies Nanking, China. Boeing's Trailblazing P-26 Peashooters.
1940 Adolf Hitler issues preparations for Operation Martita, the German invasion of Greece.
1941 British forces launch an offensive in Libya.
1945 France and Britain agree to quit Syria and Lebanon.
1951 After meeting with FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover, President Harry S Truman vows to purge all disloyal government workers.
1968 President Lyndon B. Johnson and Mexico's President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz meet on a bridge at El Paso, Texas, to officiate at ceremonies returning the long-disputed El Chamizal area to the Mexican side of the border.
1972 Astronaut Gene Cernan climbs into his lunar lander on the moon and prepares to lift off. He is the last man to set foot on the moon.
1973 Great Britain cuts the work week to three days to save energy.
1981 Polish labor leader Lech Walesa is arrested and the government decrees martial law, restricting civil rights and suspending operation of the independent trade union Solidarity.
1985 France sues the United States over the discovery of an AIDS serum.
2001 Terrorists attach the Parliament of India Sansad; 15 people are killed, including the terrorists
2003 Deposed Iraqi President Saddam Hussein captured; he is found hiding in near his home town of Tikrit.
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Thanks to 1440
| Trump Ballroom Challenged |
| The National Trust for Historic Preservation sued President Donald Trump yesterday, seeking to halt his White House ballroom project until it receives congressional approval and undergoes independent reviews.
The nonprofit alleges Trump exceeded his constitutional authority and skipped federally mandated reviews when he ordered the demolition of the East Wing in October to make space for a ballroom (see photos). At roughly 90,000 square feet, the planned ballroom would be nearly double the size of the White House's primary residence and accommodate nearly 1,000 people. Trump has criticized the East Wing's roughly 200-person seating capacity as too small, forcing some events to be hosted in outdoor tents. Although Trump has stated the estimated $300M project will be privately funded, that does not necessarily exempt it from federal laws and procedures.
The last major White House renovation was completed in 1952 under President Harry Truman. Costing roughly $60M in today's dollars, it involved a near-total gutting and rebuilding of the White House's interior. |
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Thanks to the Bear. We will always have the url for you to search items in Rolling Thunder
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER …
. rollingthunderremembered.com .
Thanks to Micro
From Vietnam Air Losses site for ..December 13
December 13: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=931
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature.
https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
By: Kipp Hanley
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. Thanks to Robert
The 74th Anniversary of the Korean War "Chosin Few".....The Tootsie Roll Marines
On November 26, 1950, 10,000 men of the First Marine Division, along with elements of two Army regimental combat teams, a detachment of British Royal Marine commandos and some South Korean policemen were completely surrounded by over ten divisions of Chinese troops in rugged mountains near the Chosin Reservoir. Chairman Mao himself had ordered the Marines annihilated, and Chinese General Song Shi-Lun gave it his best shot, throwing human waves of his 120,000 soldiers against the heavily outnumbered allied forces. A massive cold front blew in from Siberia, and with it, the coldest winter in recorded Korean history. For the encircled allies at the Chosin Reservoir, daytime temperatures averaged five degrees below zero, while nights plunged to minus 35 and lower.
Jeep batteries froze and split. C-rations ran dangerously low and the cans were frozen solid. Fuel could not be spared to thaw them. If truck engines stopped, their fuel lines froze. Automatic weapons wouldn't cycle. Morphine syrettes had to be thawed in a medical corpsman's mouth before they could be injected. Precious bottles of blood plasma were frozen and useless. Resupply could only come by air, and that was spotty and erratic because of the foul weather.
High Command virtually wrote them off, believing their situation was hopeless. Washington braced for imminent news of slaughter and defeat. Retreat was hardly an option; not through that wall of Chinese troops. If the Marines defended, they would be wiped out So they formed a 12-mile long column and attacked.
There were 78 miles of narrow, crumbling, steeply-angled road and 100,000 Chinese soldiers between the Marines and the sea at Hungnam. Both sides fought savagely for every inch of it. The march out became one monstrous, moving battle.
The Chinese used the ravines between ridges, protected from rifle fire, to marshal their forces between attacks. The Marines' 60-millimeter mortars, capable of delivering high, arcing fire over the ridgelines, breaking up those human waves, became perhaps the most valuable weapon the Marines had. But their supply of mortar rounds was quickly depleted. Emergency requests for resupply were sent by radio, using code words for specific items. The code for 60mm mortar ammo was "Tootsie Rolls"but the radio operator receiving that urgent request didn't have the Marines' code sheets. All he knew was that the request came from command authority, it was extremely urgent and there were tons of Tootsie Rolls at supply bases in Japan.
Tootsie Rolls had been issued with other rations to US troops since World War I, earning preferred status because they held up so well to heat, cold and rough handling compared to other candies.
Tearing through the clouds and fog, parachutes bearing pallet-loads of Tootsie Rolls descended on the Marines. After initial shocked reactions, the freezing, starving troops rejoiced. Frozen Tootsies were thawed in armpits, popped in mouths, and their sugar provided instant energy. For many, Tootsie Rolls were their only nourishment for days. The troops also learned they could use warmed Tootsie Rolls to plug bullet holes in fuel drums, gas tanks, cans and radiators, where they would freeze solid again, sealing the leaks.
Over two weeks of unspeakable misery, movement and murderous fighting, the 15,000-man column suffered 3,000 killed in action, 6,000 wounded and thousands of severe frostbite cases. But they reached the sea, demolishing several Chinese divisions in the process. Hundreds credited their very survival to Tootsie Rolls. Surviving Marines called themselves "The Chosin Few," and among themselves, another name: The Tootsie Roll Marines. Join me in sharing their story and some Tootsie Rolls.
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From the archives After Shadow's grunt tour the USMC sent him to college at San Diego State and he drove a tour bus at the wild animal park for spending money. Thus his comentbelow about his best tour buss voice. That job and the folks he met saved his ass when he buzzed the wild animal park one day in his F-4. The animals went nuts. A phone call to his old boss and a promise of some color photos of the park from his RF-4 SAVED HIM….SKIP…He tells the story much better than me
. Hopefully I got the picture of him getting ready to launch as an attachment. Harry Gann took the shot
Thanks to Shadow
Ye Old Dog and pony Show
Back in the day… we'd get bus loads of VIP's and ROTC tours come through… I was the designated "Dog and And Pony Show Officer" for the squadron. Depending on the size of the group, we'd either herd them into the Ready Room or out in the hangar bay. Myself and my back seater would then give them a quick and dirty on the aircraft's capabilities, the mission and systems. Then we'd open it up for a Q&A. The VIP's were pretty straight forward, but the ROTC types were far more inquisitive and asked a lot of questions. Inevitably, one question would always come up and I looked forward to it.
"What's it like to go supersonic… faster than the speed of sound"? I'd use my best San Diego Tour Bus Voice and explain that in the airplane you really wouldn't notice much difference.
Slight fluctuation in the pitot static instruments… more air noise as those little molecules rushed by and the controls were a wee bit heavier. Actually, the only real irritating problem was with communication. I'd look over at my back seater and say… "We've got a bunch of salty
back seaters and as soon as we'd break MACH… they'd start screaming or making noises…even yell "Oh Shit"! Well, because I was in front of them… I wouldn't hear this stuff until I slowed down… their voices wouldn't catch up to me until we were subsonic again! Scared the poo out of me the first time it happened"! My back seater would then give a practiced smug look. I'd look out at the young cadets and their eyes would bug out and their mouth's were agape. I had them… they were in awe, as they tried to comprehend what I was saying. Usually it would take about 30 seconds before some smarter than the average bear… would yell out…
"Awe bullshit"! I'd immediately yell out… "You my man… need to sign up for the Marine Corps… the rest of you guppies need to go Air Force"! We'd all have a good laugh and then we'd take them out into the hangar and do a walk around of the airplane.
After the hangar tour, we'd turn them back over to the base PAO and tell them we'd see them on the other side of the airfield shortly.
My back seater and I would run back into the locker room and put on our speed slacks, torso harness and grab our helmets and masks and head out to the flight line to our airplane that was set aside for the show. We'd crank up and start taxiing over to the other side of the airfield.
RIDING THE SLED
We Marine Aviators had one asset that none of the other services had… It was called the SATS. It was designed as an expeditionary airfield; that was a had a land based version of a ship's catapult and arrestment system. It allowed us to operate off a short aluminum mat runway and still take off with a full load of ordinance… that usually required 8 to 10,000 feet of concrete runway. Really, it was quite different, but the theory was the same. Instead of a shuttle used on the carrier to attach to the catapult… we had a sled that we would taxi up on with our nose gear. From there, it was pretty much the same as far as using the bridle to attach the airplane to it and a hold back to keep the airplane stationary until the cat was fired. We used the nose strut extension just like on the ship. The run out was much longer than the ship, about 600 feet… and to be honest, it was not as smooth. Bumpy ride and on occasion you'd get a little fish tail. We also had a bi-directional arresting gear to trap with (land), just like on the ship.
It was powered by two jet engines (J-79's I think). The system was used on an aluminum mat runway that could be laid down in less than a month by the SeaBees. We had four of these systems at the time… one at Chu Lai in Vietnam, one at K'Bay in Hawaii, one at Bogue Field near Cherry Point, North Carolina and the one we had at El Toro.
While the VIP's or Cadets were bussed over to the SATS Site… we'd start up and taxi over. They'd arrive before we did and the SATS Officer would use a PA system to tell about the system and what they were about to witness. Once we were at the site, we'd switch to the SATS radio frequency and I would be able to talk to the SATS Officer and it would go out on the PA system. The SATS Officer would give a running commentary on how they were hooking us up and in between… I would tell them what we were doing in the cockpit to set up for the shot. It was kinda neat! Once everything was hooked up… the SATS Officer would twirl his fingers for me to go to military power… once stabilized… I'd give him a thumbs up and he'd spread his fingers for me to go into full afterburner! Then, he'd use the same lean forward and drop his arm for the launch signal just like on the ship and I would radio out… "Show Time
Gents"!
The catapult would fire and we'd go barreling down the cat stroke and as the bridle slipped away, I would hesitate and then pull back on the stick and do a max performance climb to just above pattern altitude… pull back to idle, drop the flaps to full and whiffer dill around and take an arrested landing right in front of the grandstands! It was a hoot! And the whole evolution from launch to landing was about two to three minutes max!
If I do say so myself… it was quite impressive. It was certainly the highlight of their tour. And the truth of the matter was… we enjoyed it as much as they did! Not often we got to show off to a bunch of civilians or would be future bird men.
Shadow
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From the archives
. Thanks to Felix and Dr. Rich and Cowboy for finding the URL
Willie & Joe
https://www.asthma.drsprecace.com/williejoe.pdf
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From the archives
FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla. -- Retired Air Force Col. Joseph Kittinger, whose 1960 parachute jump from almost 20 miles (32 kilometers) above the Earth stood as a world record for more than 50 years, died Friday in Florida. He was 94.
His death was announced by former U.S. Rep. John Mica and other friends. The cause was lung cancer.
Kittinger, then an Air Force captain and pilot, gained worldwide fame when he completed three jumps over 10 months from a gondola that was hoisted into the stratosphere by large helium balloons. Project Excelsior was aimed at helping design ejection systems for military pilots flying high-altitude missions.
Wearing a pressure suit and 60 pounds of equipment, Kittinger almost died during the project's first jump in November 1959 when his gear malfunctioned after he jumped from 14.5 miles (23 kilometers). He lost consciousness as he went into a spin that was 22 times the force of gravity. He was saved when his automatic chute opened.
Four weeks later, Kittinger made his second jump from just over 14 miles (22 kilometers) above the surface. This time, there were no problems.Kittinger's record jump came on Aug. 16, 1960, in the New Mexico desert. His pressure suit malfunctioned as he rose, failing to seal off his right hand, which swelled to twice normal size before he jumped from 102,800 feet — more than 19 miles (31.3 kilometers) above the surface.
Free falling in the thin atmosphere, the Tampa native exceeded 600 mph (965 kph) before the gradually thickening air slowed his fall to about 150 mph (241 kph) when his parachute deployed at 18,000 feet (5.5 kilometers).
"There's no way you can visualize the speed," Kittinger told Florida Trend magazine in 2011. "There's nothing you can see to see how fast you're going. You have no depth perception. If you're in a car driving down the road and you close your eyes, you have no idea what your speed is. It's the same thing if you're free falling from space. There are no signposts. You know you are going very fast, but you don't feel it. You don't have a 614-mph (988-kph) wind blowing on you. I could only hear myself breathing in the helmet."
His record stood until 2012, when Austrian Felix Baumgartner jumped from 24 miles (38.6 kilometers) above the New Mexico desert, reaching the supersonic speed of 844 mph (1,360 kph). Kittinger served as an adviser.
Kittinger stayed in the Air Force after his jumps, serving three tours of duty during the Vietnam War. He was shot down over North Vietnam in May 1972, but ejected and parachuted to Earth. He was captured and spent 11 months in a Hanoi prisoner of war camp, undergoing torture. He retired from the Air Force in 1978 and settled in the Orlando area, where he became a local icon. A park is named there is named after him.
He is survived by his wife, Sherri.
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From the archives
Thanks to DR
This is an interesting read…SKIP
: The Worst Presidents in American History - American Thinker
https://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2024/12/the_worst_presidents_in_american_history.html
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This Week In American Military History
Fredericksburg to Bastogne
by W. Thomas Smith Jr.
Dec. 11, 1941: Four days after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, isolated and embattled U.S. Marines – and a few good sailors, soldiers, and civilian contractors – put up a heroic defense of Wake Island in the Pacific, beating back an attempted Japanese landing with heavy losses to the enemy.
Wake will fall by Christmas. But the heroics exhibited by the American defenders – basically two companies of Marines holding off the Japanese Navy for two weeks – will be compared to the heroic nearly-two-week defense of the Alamo in 1836.
Dec. 15, 1862: Union Army Maj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside ends his disastrous series of frontal attacks against Gen. Robert E. Lee's well-entrenched Confederate forces along Marye's Heights during the battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia. It is during the battle that Lee – emotionally moved by the valor of the Federal Army, which, despite terrible losses, attacks his impregnable position time-and-again – says, "It is well that war is so terrible, lest we grow too fond of it."
Dec. 16, 1944: A massive German Army force — composed of SS Panzer (SS armored units), Volksgrenadier (infantry), Panzergrenadier (armored infantry), and Fallschirmjäger (paratroopers) — burst through the snow-covered Ardennes Forest and smash headlong into the weakest stretch of the Allied frontlines in Belgium.
The attack — which will become known as the Battle of the Bulge (because of the temporary bulging salient the German thrust will create in the Allied
lines) — is a last ditch gamble on the part of the Germans, a surprise counteroffensive aimed at cutting American and British forces in half; crossing the Meuse River; encircling, isolating, and destroying Allied armies west of the Meuse; and perhaps reaching the North Sea.
It is not to be.
Despite the initial shock along a 60-to-70-mile front – and a 50-mile-deep penetration – German forces will quickly find themselves running up against giants of men like Gen. Anthony McAuliffe's diehard paratroopers of the crack 101st Airborne Division, who – though surrounded, outnumbered, outgunned, freezing, and nearly starving to death – refuse to surrender the strategically vital highway hub at Bastogne.
The battle, which will last until Jan. 28, 1945, will prove to be the largest land battle in western Europe during World War II, and it will be a decisive American victory. But it will not be without heavy losses: 19,000 American soldiers will be killed out of 81,000 total U.S. casualties in five weeks
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note from Skip…Sir Francis Drake and I were good friends in School. I did the first report on Him in the Fifth grade and kept a copy along with some others. I also used an updated version in 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th as I was in a different school in each of those years. I learned early that there were no great writes just great re-writes. I did the same thing in the Navy with awards and such and later. I did the same thing with others but he was the best.
This Day in U S Military History
1577 – English seaman Francis Drake sets out from Plymouth, England, with five ships and 164 men on a mission to raid Spanish holdings on the Pacific coast of the New World and explore the Pacific Ocean. Three years later, Drake's return to Plymouth marked the first circumnavigation of the earth by a British explorer. After crossing the Atlantic, Drake abandoned two of his ships in South America and then sailed into the Straits of Magellan with the remaining three. A series of devastating storms besieged his expedition in the treacherous straits, wrecking one ship and forcing another to return to England. Only The Golden Hind reached the Pacific Ocean, but Drake continued undaunted up the western coast of South America, raiding Spanish settlements and capturing a rich Spanish treasure ship. Drake then continued up the western coast of North America, searching for a possible northeast passage back to the Atlantic. Reaching as far north as present-day Washington before turning back, Drake paused near San Francisco Bay in June 1579 to repair his ship and prepare for a journey across the Pacific. Calling the land "Nova Albion," Drake claimed the territory for Queen Elizabeth I. In July, the expedition set off across the Pacific, visiting several islands before rounding Africa's Cape of Good Hope and returning to the Atlantic Ocean. On September 26, 1580, The Golden Hind returned to Plymouth, England, bearing treasure, spice, and valuable information about the world's great oceans. Drake was the first captain to sail his own ship all the way around the world–the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan had sailed three-fourths of the way around the globe earlier in the century but had been killed in the Philippines, leaving the Basque navigator Juan Sebastiýn de Elcano to complete the journey. In 1581, Queen Elizabeth I knighted Drake, the son of a tenant farmer, during a visit to his ship. The most renowned of the Elizabethan seamen, Sir Francis Drake later played a crucial role in the defeat of the Spanish Armada.
1887 – Corporal Alvin C. York of Wolf River Valley, Tennessee, was born. York was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor and the Distinguished Service Cross for heroism during World War I's Argonne Offensive. York was a reluctant soldier, but his frontier upbringing had made him an outstanding marksman.
1918 – In a landmark event, Woodrow Wilson arrives in France, becoming the first US President to travel outside the United States. He will also visit Britain and Italy, before returning to negotiate on behalf of the US, the peace treaties that end World War I.
1951 – U.S. Air Force George A. Davis, flying a F-86 Sabre jet out of the 4th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, was credited with four aerial victories against MiG-15s, the largest number of kills by a single pilot in one day during the war. These victories made Davis the first "double ace" of the Korean War. A double ace has 10 enemy kills.
1952 – Transporting the Declaration of Indpendence and the Constitution, an armored Marine Corps personnel carrier made its way down Constitution Avenue, accompanied by two light tanks, four servicemen carrying submachine guns, and a motorcycle escort. A color guard, ceremonial troops, the Army Band, and the Air Force Drum and Bugle Corps were also part of the procession. Members of all the military branches lined the street. Inside the personnel carrier were six parchment documents. The records were in helium-filled glass cases packed inside wooden crates resting on mattresses. The Declaration of Independence and the Constitution were going to the National Archives. In 1926, $1 million was appropriated for a national archives building, and in 1930 President Hoover appointed an Advisory Committee for the National Archives to draw up specifications for the building. John Russell Pope was selected as architect, and a year later, ground was broken. By 1933, the cornerstone of the building had been put in place by President Herbert Hoover. Staff were working in the unfinished building by 1935. But despite this flurry of activity, the vault-like building did not house the founding documents that we call the "Charters of Freedom." The documents had been shuttled around to various buildings for various reasons. They started out in the Department of State, and as the capital moved from New York to Philadelphia to Washington, DC, these documents moved too. Eventually they were turned over to the Library of Congress. With exception of a short stay at Fort Knox during World War II, the Declaration and the Constitution remained at the Library of Congress from 1921 to 1952. The Bill of Rights had been given into the safekeeping of the National Archives in 1938. In 1952, the Library of Congress agreed to transfer the Declaration and the Constitution to the National Archives. The Bill of Rights would finally be in the company of the two other founding documents. With great pomp and ceremony, the six boxes were carried up the steps. The tall bronze doors—now used only on July 4—were opened, and the six sheets of parchment were carried into the Rotunda, where they remain today.
1966 – The 1st US bombing of Hanoi took place.
1969 – Arlo Guthrie released "Alice's Restaurant."
1969 – Raymond A. Spruance (83), US Admiral (Battle of Midway), died.
1972 – Astronaut Gene Cernan climbed into his Lunar Lander on the Moon and prepared to lift-off. He was the last man to set foot on the Moon.
2003 – In the wave of intelligence information fueling the raids on remaining Baath Party members connected to insurgency, Saddam Hussein himself was captured on a farm near Tikrit in Operation Red Dawn. The operation was conducted by the United States Army's 4th Infantry Division and members of Task Force 121. Saddam was captured in a hole below a two-room mud shack. When he was captured only a Styrofoam square and a rug were between Saddam and U.S. forces. Major General Raymond Odierno commented, "he was caught like a rat." Intelligence on Saddam's whereabouts came from information obtained from his family members and former bodyguards.
2013 – Warships of the United States and China confront each other in international waters within the South China Sea. The American warship, guided missile cruiser, USS Cowpens, — which U.S. officials say was in international waters — was approached by a Chinese Navy ship. The smaller vessel peeled off from a group of Chinese Navy ships that included the carrier Liaoning. The Chinese ship failed to stop, despite radio warning from the Cowpens that it was getting too close. The Cowpens commanding officer then issued orders for an "all stop" when the other ship was less than 500 yards off its bow. The Chinese ship proceeded past the Cowpens.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
MAYNARD, GEORGE H.
Rank and organization: Private, Company D, 13th Massachusetts Infantry. Place and date. At Fredericksburg, Va., 13 December 1862. Entered service at:——. Born 2 February 1836, Waltham, Mass. Date of issue: 1898. Citation: A wounded and helpless comrade, having been left on the skirmish line, this soldier voluntarily returned to the front under a severe fire and carried the wounded man to a place of safety.
PALMER, JOHN G.
Rank and organization. Corporal, Company F, 21st Connecticut Infantry. Place and date: At Fredericksburg, Va., 13 December 1862. Entered service at: Montville, Conn. Birth. Montville, Conn. Date of issue. 30 October 1896. Citation: First of 6 men who volunteered to assist gunner of a battery upon which the enemy was concentrating its fire, and fought with the battery until the close of the engagement. His commanding officer felt he would never see this man alive again.
PETTY, PHILIP
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company A, 136th Pennsylvania Infantry. Place and date: At Fredericksburg, Va., 13 December 1862. Entered service at: Tioga County, Pa. Born: 7 May 1840, England. Date of issue: 21 August 1893. Citation: Took up the colors as they fell out of the hands of the wounded color bearer and carried them forward in the charge.
QUAY, MATTHEW S.
Rank and organization: Colonel, 134th Pennsylvania Infantry. Place and date: At Fredericksburg, Va., 13 December 1862. Entered service at: Beaver County, Pa. Born: 30 September 1833, Dilkburg, Pa. Date of issue: 9 July 1888. Citation: Although out of service, he voluntarily resumed duty on the eve of battle and took a conspicuous part in the charge on the heights.
SCHUBERT, MARTIN
Rank and organization: Private, Company E, 26th New York Infantry. Place and date: At Fredericksburg, Va., 13 December 1862. Entered service at: ——. Birth: Germany. Date of issue. 1 September 1893. Citation. Relinquished a furlough granted for wounds, entered the battle, where he picked up the colors after several bearers had been killed or wounded, and carried them until himself again wounded.
SHIEL (SHIELDS), JOHN
Rank and organization: Corporal, Company E, 90th Pennsylvania Infantry. Place and date: At Fredericksburg, Va., 13 December 1862. Entered service at: Cressonville, Pa. Birth: ——. Date of issue: 21 January 1897. Citation: Carried a dangerously wounded comrade into the Union lines, thereby preventing his capture by the enemy.
TANNER, CHARLES B.
Rank and organization: Second Lieutenant, Company H, 1st Delaware Infantry. Place and date: At Antietam, Md., 17 September 1862. Entered service at: Wilmington, Del. Birth: Pennsylvania. Date of issue: 13 December 1889. Citation: Carried off the regimental colors, which had fallen within 20 yards of the enemy's lines, the color guard of 9 men having all been killed or wounded; was himself 3 times wounded.
WOODWARD, EVAN M.
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant and Adjutant, 2d Pennsylvania Reserve Infantry. Place and date: At Fredericksburg, Va., 13 December 1862. Entered service at: ——. Born: 11 March 1838, Philadelphia, Pa. Date of issue: 14 December 1894. Citation: Advanced between the lines, demanded and received the surrender of the 19th Georgia Infantry and captured their battle flag.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for December 13, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
13 December
1924: The NM-1, an all-metal airplane, flew at the Naval Aircraft Factory. It was designed and built to develop metal construction for naval airplanes and was intended for Marine Corps expeditionary use.
1927: Col Charles A. Lindbergh began a goodwill flight to Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. (24)
1933: President Franklin D. Roosevelt presented the first Air Mail Flyer's Medal of Honor to Maj Bryan Freeburg. (24)
1941: In an executive order, President Franklin D. Roosevelt authorized the Secretary of War to take control of any civilian airline needed for the war effort. Contracts with the airlines permitted the purchase of aircraft and airline services. (18)
1943: Under perfect conditions for radar bombing (interpreted as ugly weather), 710 bombers from Eighth Air Force attacked Kiel, Germany. (4)
1948: Col Edward P. Eagan flew 20,559 miles around the world from New York and back, in a record 147 hours 15 minutes. (9)
1951: KOREAN WAR. 29 F-86s encountered 75 MiG-15s over Sinanju. In a wild melee, the F-86 pilots shot down 9 MiGs, giving USAF pilots a total of 14 aerial victories for the day. (28)
1956: Maj Arnold I. Beck soared to a simulated altitude of 198,770 feet, the highest on record, in an Air Research and Development Command altitude chamber at Dayton. (16) (24)
1958: Gordo, a one-pound squirrel monkey, survived a flight to a height of 300 miles in a Jupiter missile nose cone. The nose cone returned and landed in the Atlantic Ocean some 1,700 miles southeast of the Cape Canaveral launching site; however, Gordo died before the nose cone could be recovered. (24)
1960: Cmdr Leroy Heath (USN) piloted an A3J-1 Vigilante to a world weight and height record, when he ascended to 91,450.8 feet with a 1,000 kilogram (2,200 pounds) payload. (24)
1962: In a joint US and Canadian test, two Canadian Black Brant III sounding rockets, fired from Wallops Station, lifted 100-pound payloads to a height of 61 miles. (24) Project STARGAZER. For two days, Capt Joseph A. Kittinger, Jr., and William C. White, a Navy civilian astronomer, flew the USAF's Stargazer balloon to 82,000 feet in an 18-hour, 30- minute flight above southwestern New Mexico. A telescope on top of the gondola provided White one of the clearest celestial views ever seen by an astronomer. (9)
1965: Four USAF officers completed the longest space cabin test yet, spending 68 days in a simulator. This included 56 days at altitude in a 30-foot long, 9-foot in diameter cabin, breathing an atmosphere of 70 percent oxygen and 30 percent helium.
1966: A Minuteman II launched from Vandenberg AFB carried the first Minuteman Emergency Rocket Communications System into space for testing and evaluation. (6)
1971: Vandenberg AFB conducted the 95th and final Minuteman I operational test (Phase II) launch.
1973: General Dynamics rolled out the YF-16 at its plant in Fort Worth. (3)
1982: MAC aircraft airlifted tents, blankets, medical supplies, and generators into the Yemen Arab Republic after a major earthquake. (16)
2001: President George W. Bush informed Russia that the US would withdraw from the 1972 Antiballistic Missile Treaty to develop and implement a missile defense system. (21)
2005: An F/A-22 Raptor, flying at supersonic speed over the range at Edwards AFB, dropped its first 1,000-pound guided JDAM. (AIMPOINTS, "Supersonic Raptor Drops First Guided Bomb," 13 December 2005)
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