Good Monday Morning January 29, 2024.This is a Bubbas Breakfast Friday in San Diego. Clear and cool for the next few days but rain coming on Thursday. The 6 Elm trees are ae down to their last million leaves. The other thing has not yet started. In fact the leaves have not even turned color yet. It usually waits until the others are done then starts so as to prolong my leaf job.
Regards
Skip
HAGD
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/
This day in Naval and Marine Corps History January 29
1862—The storeship Supply captures schooner Stephen Hart loaded with a cargo of arms and munitions, south of Sarasota, FL, with cargo of arms and munitions.
1942—USS Quail (AM 15) bombards Japanese troop concentrations at Longoskawayan Point, Luzon.
1943—The Battle of Rennell Island begins when Japanese shore-based aircraft attack Task Force 18 cruisers and destroyers covering the movement of transports toward Guadalcanal. USS Chicago (CA 29) is damaged and sinks the next day.
1944—The battleship Missouri (BB 63) is christened. Built at the New York Navy Yard, her keel was laid on Jan. 6, 1941. After her christening and launching Jan. 29, she is completed rapidly, commissioning on June 11 of the same year, the last battleship to enter active service in the U.S. Navy.
1945—While loading a cargo of depth charges in Lunga Roads, off Guadalcanal, USS Serpens (AK 97) is destroyed by a massive explosion. All but two of the 198 Coast Guard crewmen, plus 57 Army stevedores are killed.
2017—Chief Special Warfare Operator William "Ryan" Owens, 36, of Peoria, Illinois, died Jan. 29 in the Arabian Peninsula of Yemen, of wounds sustained in a raid against al-Qaida.
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This Day in World History
January 29
1788 Australia Day
1813 Jane Austin publishes Pride and Prejudice.
1861 Kansas is admitted into the Union as the 34th state.
1865 William Quantrill and his Confederate raiders attack Danville, Kentucky.
1918 The Supreme Allied Council meets at Versailles.
1926 Violette Neatley Anderson becomes the first African-American woman admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court.
1929 The Seeing Eye, America's first school for training dogs to guide the blind, founded in Nashville, Tennessee.
1931 Winston Churchill resigns as Stanley Baldwin's aide.
1942 German and Italian troops take Benghazi in North Africa.
1944 The world's greatest warship, Missouri, is launched.
1950 Riots break out in Johannesburg, South Africa, over the policy of Apartheid.
1967 Thirty-seven civilians are killed by a U.S. helicopter attack in Vietnam.
1979 President Jimmy Carter commutes the sentence of Patty Hearst.
1984 President Ronald Reagan announces that he will run for a second term.
1984 The Soviets issue a formal complaint against alleged U.S. arms treaty violations.
1991 Iraqi forces attack into Saudi Arabian town of Kafji, but are turned back by Coalition forces.
1784: In a letter to his daughter dated Jan. 26, 1784, Benjamin Franklin expressed unhappiness with the choice of the eagle as the symbol of America. He said he preferred the turkey. This was a time when turkeys were smart birds that lived in the wild and not the stupid things bred for Thanksgiving dinner.
1962: Bishop Burke of the Buffalo Catholic dioceses declares Chubby Checker's "The Twist" is impure and bans it from all Catholic schools, parishes and youth events. It can't be danced, sung about or listened to in any Catholic school, parish or youth event. Later in the year, the Twist will be banned from community center dances in Tampa, Florida as well.
Editor's Note: we fellow Catholics must lighten up and enjoy life for a change.
1998: President Clinton denied having an affair with a former White House intern, saying "I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky."
And today is:
National Peanut Brittle Day
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OPERATION COMMANDO HUNT Thanks to the Bear
Skip… For The List for the week beginning Monday, 29 January 2024 and ending Sunday, 4 February 2024… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION COMMANDO HUNT (1968-1972)
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post of 27 April 2019… "No Easy Days"… Eight aircraft in the dirt and eight brave American aviators gone…
Thanks to Micro
To remind folks that these are from the Vietnam Air Losses site that Micro put together. You click on the url below and can read what happened each day to the aircraft and its crew. ……Skip
From Vietnam Air Losses site for "Monday 29 January
29: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=2110
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Servicemembers Killed in the Vietnam War
(This site was sent by a friend . The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
AUGUST 15, 2022
Check this out
Thanks to the Bear
Skip… For your information and consideration.. RTR Webmaster Dan Heller has updated the Links List attached to the RTR website with a dozen Vietnam air war sites that might interest regulars of The List… Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻… See…
https://www.rollingthunderremembered.com/new-links/
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I got my Girl Scout Cookies yesterday from Gracie my friend Mac's granddaughter. My favorite is the Trefoils. I eat them like a Pez dispenser. Just open the top and slide the top one off with my thumb into my mouth and pretty soon the whole thing is gone and pick up the next one. Great while reading as book. I bought four boxes to start with and another 5 assorted for the rest of the family.
Thanks To Al
Monday Morning Humor--Birthday
It's that time of year again, when the Girl Scouts are selling cookies. A good way to support the Girl Scouts without gaining weight and at the same time support our service members and first responders is ordering cookies through Operation Thin Mint. The price is the same at $6 a box and there are no shipping charges. If you have a Girl Scout in your family, she can order them for you. If you don't, you may order them from my granddaughter at https://digitalcookie.girlscouts.org/scout/mia541413#openDonate and select "Donate Cookies."
Submitted by Peggy Yunghahn and Dave Harris:
• "It's paradoxical that the idea of living a long life appeals to everyone, but the idea of getting old doesn't appeal to anyone."--Andy Rooney
• "The older I get, the better I used to be." – Lee Trevino
• "To get back to my youth I would do anything in the world, except exercise, get up early, or be respectable."--Oscar Wilde
• "At age 20, we worry about what others think of us... at age 40, we don't care what they think of us... at age 60, we discover they haven't been thinking of us at all."--Ann Landers
• "I have reached an age when, if someone tells me to wear socks, I don't have to."--Albert Einstein
• "When I was young, I was called a rugged individualist. When I was in my fifties, I was considered eccentric. Here I am doing and saying the same things I did then, and I'm labeled senile."--George Burns
• "The important thing to remember is that I'm probably going to forget." – Unknown
• "The older we get, the fewer things seem worth waiting in line for"--Will Rogers
• "We must recognize that, as we grow older, we become like old cars – more and more repairs and replacements are necessary."--C.S. Lewis
• "Inside every older person is a younger person wondering what happened."--Jennifer Yanez
• "Old age is like a plane flying through a storm. Once you are aboard there is nothing you can do about it."--Golda Meir
• "I'm so old that my blood type is discontinued."--Bill Dane
• "The older I get, the more clearly I remember things that never happened.--Mark Twain
• "Always be nice to your children because they are the ones who will choose your retirement home."--Phyllis Diller
• "I don't plan to grow old gracefully. I plan to have face-lifts until my ears meet."--Rita Rudner
• "I'm at that age where my back goes out more than I do."--Phyllis Diller
• "Nice to be here? At my age it's nice to be anywhere." – George Burns
• "First you forget names, then you forget faces, then you forget to pull your zipper up, then you forget to pull your zipper down."--Leo Rosenberg
• "Old people shouldn't eat healthy foods. They need all the preservatives they can get."–Robert Orben
• "Old age is when you're sitting at home on a Saturday night and the telephone rings, and you hope it isn't for you."--Unknown
• "It's important to have a twinkle in your wrinkle."–Unknown
• "I have successfully completed the thirty-year transition from wanting to stay up late to just wanting to go to bed."–Unknown
• "The years between 50 and 70 are the hardest. You are always being asked to do things, and yet you are not decrepit enough to turn them down."—T.S. Elliot
• "As you get older three things happen. The first is your memory goes, and I can't remember the other two."--Sir Norman Wisdom
• "Birthdays are good for you. Statistics show that the people who have the most live the longest."--Larry Lorenzon
• "I don't feel old. I don't feel anything until noon. Then it's time for my nap."--Bob Hope
• "I was thinking about how people seem to read the bible a lot more as they get older, and then it dawned on me—they're cramming for their final exam."--George Carlin
• "I'm 59 and people call me middle-aged. How many 118-year-old men do you know?"--Barry Cryer
Submitted by Mark Logan:
• In my mind I'm still 24, but my back is 55, my knees are 67, and my left hip turns 78 this week.
• You know you're a bad driver when your SatNav says, "In 400 feet, stop and let me out."
• All my passwords are protected by amnesia.
• These days I find that most of my conversations start out with: "Did I tell you this already?" or "What was I going to say?"
• I'm at that age where my mind still thinks I'm 29, my humor suggests I'm 12, while my body keeps asking if I'm sure I'm not dead.
• At my funeral, have some fun. Take the bouquet off my coffin and throw it into the crowd to see who is next.
• As I have grown older, I've learned that pleasing everyone is impossible, but pissing everyone off is a piece of cake.
• You know you're getting old when a recliner and a heating pad is your idea of a hot date.
• The first bottles of Coca Cola contained 3.5 grams of cocaine. Maybe that explains how I was able to walk to school uphill both ways.
• As a kid, I used to watch The Wizard of Oz and wonder how someone could talk if they didn't have a brain. Then I got Facebook.
• The adult version of "head, shoulders, knees, and toes" is "wallet, glasses, keys, and phone."
• My kids and grandkids keep laughing about me losing my memory. They won't be laughing at Christmas when there's no eggs under the tree.
• I don't call it getting old…I call it outliving the warranty.
• We've been there, done that, did it, had it, saw it, lived it…and we're not done yet, it just takes us longer.
• I went by the house I grew up in, and asked if I could go in and look around. They said no and slammed the door. My parents can be so rude.
Submitted by Colleen Grosso and Peggy Yunghahn:
We, the Semi Elderly
…We grew up in the 40s-50s-60s.
…We studied in the 50s-60s-70s.
…We dated in the 50s-60s-70s.
…We got married and discovered the world in the 60s-70s-80s.
…We ventured into the 70s-80s.
…We stabilized in the 90s.
…We got wiser in the 2000s.
…And went firmly through the 2010s.
…Turns out we've lived through nine different decades…two different centuries...two different millennia
…We have gone from the telephone with an operator for long-distance calls to video calls to anywhere in the world, we have gone from slides to YouTube, from vinyl records to online music, from handwritten letters to email and WhatsApp
…From live matches on the radio, to black and white TV, and then to HDTV
…We went to Blockbuster and now we watch Netflix
...We got to know the first computers, punch cards, diskettes and now we have gigabytes and megabytes in hand on our cell phones or iPads
…We wore shorts throughout our childhood and then long pants, oxfords, Bermuda shorts, etc.
…We dodged infantile paralysis, meningitis, H1N1 flu and now COVID-19
…We rode skates, tricycles, invented cars, bicycles, mopeds, gasoline or diesel cars and now we ride hybrids or 100% electric
...Yes, we've been through a lot but what a great life we've had! They could describe us as "exennials" people who were born in that world of the fifties, who had an analog childhood and a digital adulthood. We're kind of Ya-seen-it-all.
…Our generation has literally lived through and witnessed more than any other in every dimension of life. It is our generation that has literally adapted to "CHANGE"
…A big round of applause to all the members of a very special generation, which are UNIQUE.
…Here's a precious and very true message: TIME DOES NOT STOP! Life is a task that we do ourselves every day
…When you look... it's already six in the afternoon; when you look... it's already Friday; when one looks... the month is over; when one looks... the year is over; when one looks... 50, 60, 70 and 80 years have passed!
…When you look... we no longer know where our friends are
…When you look... we may have lost the love of our life and now, it's too late to go back
…Do not stop doing something you like due to lack of time
…Do not stop having someone by your side, because your children will soon not be yours, and you will have to do something with that remaining time, where the only thing that we are going to miss will be the space that can only be enjoyed with the usual friends. This time that, unfortunately, never returns...
…The day is today!
…WE ARE NO LONGER AT AN AGE TO POSTPONE ANYTHING. Hopefully, you have time to read and then share this message.
…Always together, Always united, Always brothers/sisters, Always friends
Submitted by Mike Ryan:
Age Group of the One Percenters:
This special group was born between 1930 & 1946 = a 16 year span. In 2024, the age range is between 78 & 94.
Interesting Facts:
…You are the smallest group of children born since the early 1900's.
….You are the last generation, climbing out of the depression, who can remember the winds of war and the impact of a world at war that rattled the structure of our daily lives for years.
…You are the last to remember ration books for everything from gas to sugar to shoes to stoves.
…You saved tin foil and poured fried meat fat into tin cans.
…You can remember milk being delivered to your house early in the morning and placed in the "milk box" on the porch.
…Discipline was enforced by parents & teachers.
…You are the last generation who spent childhood without television; instead, you "imagined" what you heard on the radio.
…With no TV, you spent your childhood "playing outside"
...The lack of television in your early years meant that you had little real understanding of what the world was like. We got black-and-white TV in the late 40s that had 3 stations and no remote.
…Telephones were one to a house, often shared (party lines), and hung on the wall in the kitchen (no cares about privacy).
…Computers were called calculators; they were hand-cranked.
…Typewriters were driven by pounding fingers, throwing the carriage, and changing the ribbon.
…'INTERNET' and 'GOOGLE' were words that did not exist.
…Newspapers and magazines were written for adults and the news was broadcast on your radio in the evening. (your dad would give you the comic pages when he read the news)
…New highways would bring jobs and mobility. Most highways were 2 lane (no interstates).
…You went downtown to shop. You walked to school.
…The radio network expanded from 3 stations to thousands.
…Your parents were suddenly free from the confines of the depression and the war, and they threw themselves into working hard to make a living for their families.
…You weren't neglected, but you weren't today's all-consuming family focus.
…They were glad you played by yourselves.
…They were busy discovering the postwar world.
…You entered a world of overflowing plenty and opportunity; a world where you were welcomed, enjoyed yourselves, felt secure in your future although the depression and poverty was deeply remembered.
…Polio was still a crippler. Everyone knew someone who had it.
…You came of age in the '50s and '60s.
…You are the last generation to experience an interlude there were no threats to our homeland.
World War II was over, the Korean War followed in a few years but, the cold war, terrorism, global warming, and perpetual economic insecurity had yet to haunt life.
…Only your generation can remember a time after WWII when our world was secure and full of bright promise and plenty.
…You grew up at the best possible time, a time when the world was getting better...
…More than 99% of you are retired and you should feel privileged to have "lived in the best of times!"
If you have already reached the age of 80 years, you have outlived 99% of all the other people currently in the world! "You are a 1% 'er"!
The only time I have been a 1 percenter in my life…skip
Submitted by Al Anderson:
Checking out at the store, the young cashier suggested to the much older lady that she should bring her own grocery bags, because plastic bags are not good for the environment.
The woman apologized to the young girl and explained, "We didn't have this 'green thing' back in my earlier days."
The young clerk responded, "That's our problem today. Your generation did not care enough to save our environment for future generations."
The older lady said that she was right our generation didn't have the "green thing" in its day. The older lady went on to explain: Back then, we returned milk bottles, soda bottles and beer bottles to the store. The store sent them back to the plant to be washed and sterilized and refilled, so it could use the same bottles over and over. So they really were recycled.
But we didn't have the "green thing" back in our day. Grocery stores bagged our groceries in brown paper bags that we reused for numerous things. Most memorable besides household garbage bags was the use of brown paper bags as book covers for our school books. This was to ensure that public property (the books provided for our use by the school) was not defaced by our scribblings. Then we were able to personalize our books on the brown paper bags.
But, too bad we didn't do the "green thing" back then. We walked up stairs because we didn't have an escalator in every store and office building. We walked to the grocery store and didn't climb into a 300-horsepower machine every time we had to go two blocks. But she was right. We didn't have the "green thing" in our day.
Back then we washed the baby's diapers because we didn't have the throw away kind. We dried clothes on a line, not in an energy-gobbling machine burning up 220 volts. Wind and solar power really did dry our clothes back in our early days.
Kids got hand-me-down clothes from their brothers or sisters, not always brand-new clothing. But that young lady is right; we didn't have the "green thing" back in our day.
Back then we had one TV, or radio, in the house -- not a TV in every room. And the TV had a small screen the size of a handkerchief (remember them?), not a screen the size of the state of Montana.
In the kitchen we blended and stirred by hand because we didn't have electric machines to do everything for us.
When we packaged a fragile item to send in the mail, we used wadded up old newspapers to cushion it, not Styrofoam or plastic bubble wrap.
Back then, we didn't fire up an engine and burn gasoline just to cut the lawn. We used a push mower that ran on human power.
We exercised by working so we didn't need to go to a health club to run on treadmills that operate on electricity. But she's right; we didn't have the "green thing" back then.
We drank from a fountain when we were thirsty instead of using a cup or a plastic bottle every time we had a drink of water. We refilled writing pens with ink instead of buying a new pen, and we replaced the razor blade in a razor instead of throwing away the whole razor just because the blade got dull. But we didn't have the "green thing" back then.
Back then, people took the streetcar or a bus and kids rode their bikes to school or walked instead of turning their moms into a 24-hour taxi service in the family's $45,000 SUV or van, which cost what a whole house did before the "green thing."
We had one electrical outlet in a room, not an entire bank of sockets to power a dozen appliances. And we didn't need a computerized gadget to receive a signal beamed from satellites 23,000 miles out in space in order to find the nearest burger joint.
But isn't it sad the current generation laments how wasteful we old folks were just because we didn't have the "green thing" back then?
Having a great day is truly a wonderful blessing,
Al
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Thanks to Interesting Facts
7 Fascinating Facts About the Prohibition Era
As early as the colonial era, the consumption of alcoholic beverages was a contentious issue in America. Drunkenness was generally frowned upon, and certain sectors of society believed that alcohol was nothing short of the devil's juice. Tensions came to a head in the early 20th century, when the temperance movement (which advocated for moderation in all things), supported by groups such as the Anti-Saloon League, the National Prohibition Party, and women suffragists, convinced lawmakers to curtail what they saw as the calamitous and ungodly effects of alcohol.
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The result was the 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified on January 16, 1919. One year after the ratification, the prohibition of alcohol in the United States began, and breweries, wineries, and distilleries across the country were shuttered. Initially, the signs were positive. There was a significant reduction in alcohol consumption, booze-related hospitalizations declined, and there were notably fewer crimes related to drunkenness. But one thing never changed: Many people still enjoyed an occasional drink and weren't willing to live completely dry lives. Enter bootleggers, speakeasies, and organized crime. The Prohibition era lasted until 1933, and marked a period of colorful characters, clandestine operations, and government corruption. Here are seven facts from this fascinating time in U.S. history.
It Wasn't Actually Illegal to Drink Alcohol
The 18th Amendment prohibited "the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors" within the United States, but it didn't ban the consumption of alcohol at home. So, during the one-year grace period before Prohibition began, people — those who could afford it, at least — began stockpiling wine and liquor while it was still legal to buy. Once the cellars had been stocked and Prohibition began, there was a notable rise in home entertaining and dinner parties — a shift that transformed America's drinking culture in a way that's still felt to this day.
Prohibition Had Lots of Loopholes
Despite the constitutional law, certain legal loopholes existed that facilitated the acquisition of alcohol. Doctors could prescribe whiskey for medicinal purposes, making a friendly neighborhood pharmacist a handy source of booze — not to mention an ideal front for bootlegging operations. Religious congregations were allowed to purchase communion wine, which led to an increase in church enrollment. Winemakers, meanwhile, began selling "wine bricks," rectangular packages of entirely legal concentrated grape juice that could be used to make wine at home. The packaging even came with a handy "warning": "After dissolving the brick in a gallon of water, do not place the liquid in a jug away in the cupboard for twenty days, because then it would turn into wine."
Tainted Alcohol Killed Thousands of People
The main source of liquor during Prohibition was industrial alcohol, the kind of stuff used to make ink, perfume, and camp stove fuel. Bootleggers could make about 3 gallons of barely drinkable — and dangerous — "gin" or "whiskey" from 1 gallon of industrial alcohol. But industrial alcohol was denatured, meaning it had additives to make it foul-smelling, awful-tasting, and poisonous. And while bootleggers found a way to recondition the denatured alcohol into cheap booze — colloquially known as "rotgut" — that was drinkable, it was still capable of causing blindness or death. On average, about 1,000 Americans died every year during the Prohibition era from drinking tainted liquor. Many estimates put the number even higher, with up to 50,000 total deaths from unsafe alcohol during Prohibition
Congress Had Its Own Bootlegger
Like thousands of other Americans, congresspeople and senators, including many of those who had voted in favor of Prohibition, often sought out illegal alcohol. One of their main suppliers was a bootlegger named George Cassiday, who started off supplying hooch to two House of Representatives members. Demand for his services soon increased, and before long he was making 25 deliveries a day to House and Senate offices. A dapper gentleman, Cassiday was easily recognized by his emerald fedora, and soon became known as the "man in the green hat." He was arrested in 1930 and sentenced to 18 months in prison, but was allowed to sign out every night and return the next morning during his time in jail. The same year he was arrested, Cassiday wrote a series of articles for The Washington Post in which he estimated that 80% of Congress drank illegally.
Al Capone's Oldest Brother Was a Prohibition Enforcement Agent
Al Capone was the most famous of all the gangsters who came to prominence during the Prohibition era. Capone's brothers Frank and Ralph were also mobsters. Then there was James Vincenzo Capone, the oldest of the Capone brothers, who later changed his name to Richard James Hart. He took a decidedly different path than his siblings: He became a Prohibition agent. He was, by most accounts, a daring and effective law enforcer, whose tendency to carry two ivory-handled pistols earned him the nickname "Two-Gun" Hart.
The End of Prohibition Made U.S. Constitutional History
Prohibition was, ultimately, a failure. At least half of the adult population wanted to carry on drinking, the policing of Prohibition was marred by contradictions and corruption, and with no actual ban on consumption, the whole thing became untenable. So, on December 5, 1933, the 18th Amendment was repealed by the 21st Amendment, bringing about the end of the Prohibition era. The 18th Amendment made constitutional history, becoming the first — and, to this day, only — constitutional amendment to be repealed in its entirety.
You Can Still Vote for the Prohibition Party
If for some reason you yearn for the days of Prohibition, you can always vote for the Prohibition Party. Yes, the anti-alcohol party, formed in 1869, still exists. Not only has it championed the cause of temperance for more than 150 years, but it's also the oldest existing third party in the United States. And while the Democrats have their donkey and the Republicans their elephant, the Prohibition Party's mascot is the camel — an animal that can survive without drinking for almost seven months.
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Thanks to History Facts
George Washington had reddish hair.
Despite all the familiar portraits depicting George Washington with white hair, America's first President was closer to a natural redhead than many people realize. Though physical evidence is sparse, biographers have noted that the founding father boasted a reddish-brown mane. These darker locks can be seen in portraits of Washington as a young man, including paintings by artists Jean Leon Gerome Ferris and John C. McRae. There's also a locket at Washington's Mount Vernon estate containing a lock of reddish hair that was presented to Treasury Secretary Oliver Wolcott Jr. in 1797.
Another misconception about Washington's hair is that he wore a white wig, which was a common style choice at the time. But Washington was blessed with a full head of hair as he aged, which he powdered to look like the popular wigs of the time (his natural hair color eventually faded from reddish-brown to gray). The white color was favored by military men, and Washington often kept his hair at shoulder length and would tie it behind his head in a ponytail or with a ribbon. He would then fluff out the sides to give the appearance of a wig, and grease the hair with pomade to add firmness to his fluffy curls. Lastly, Washington sprinkled a fine white powder over his scalp for color, and often bunched his ponytail into a silk bag to prevent the powder from dusting onto his back and shoulders.
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Thanks to DR…at the risk of a dupe
: All Families Matter
Very cool Pics - Nature Photos - Click Below
https://rense.com/general96/shots.html
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This Day in U S Military History
January 29
1968 –In his annual budget message, President Lyndon B. Johnson asks for $26.3 billion to continue the war in Vietnam, and announces an increase in taxes. The war was becoming very expensive, both in terms of lives and national treasure. Johnson had been given a glowing report on progress in the war from Gen. William Westmoreland, senior U.S. commander in South Vietnam. Westmoreland stated in a speech before the National Press Club that, "We have reached an important point when the end begins to come into view. I am absolutely certain that, whereas in 1965 the enemy was winning, today he is certainly losing. The enemy's hopes are bankrupt." The day after Johnson's budget speech, the communists launched a massive attack across the length and breadth of South Vietnam. This action, the Tet Offensive, proved to be a critical turning point for the United States in Vietnam. In the end, the offensive resulted in a crushing military defeat for the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese, but the size and scope of the communist attacks caught the American and South Vietnamese allies by surprise. The heavy U.S. and South Vietnamese casualties incurred during the offensive, coupled with the disillusionment over the administration's earlier overly optimistic reports of progress in the war, accelerated the growing disenchantment with the president's conduct of the war. Johnson, frustrated with his inability to reach a solution in Vietnam, announced on March 31, 1968, that he would neither seek nor accept the nomination of his party for re-election.
1974 –The fighting continues in South Vietnam despite the cease-fire that was initiated on January 28, 1973, under the provisions of the Paris Peace Accords. This latest fighting was part of the ongoing battles that followed the brief lull of the cease-fire. The Peace Accords had left an estimated 145,000 North Vietnamese troops in South Vietnam when the cease-fire went into effect. Renewed fighting broke out after the cease-fire as both sides jockeyed for control of territory throughout South Vietnam. Each side held that military operations were justified by the other side's violations of the cease-fire, resulting in an almost endless chain of retaliations. During the period between the initiation of the cease-fire and the end of 1973, there were an average of 2,980 combat incidents per month in South Vietnam. Most of these were low-intensity harassing attacks designed to wear down the South Vietnamese forces, but the North Vietnamese intensified their efforts in the Central Highlands in September when they attacked government positions with tanks west of Pleiku. As a result of these post-cease-fire actions, approximately 25,000 South Vietnamese were killed in battle in 1973, while communist losses in South Vietnam were estimated at 45,000.
1979 – Deng Xiaoping, deputy premier of China, meets President Jimmy Carter, and together they sign historic new accords that reverse decades of U.S. opposition to the People's Republic of China. Deng Xiaoping lived out a full and complete transformation of China. The son of a landowner, he joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1920 and participated in Mao Zedong's Long March in 1934. In 1945, he was appointed to the Party Central Committee and, with the 1949 victory of the communists in the Chinese Civil War, became the regional party leader of southwestern China. Called to Beijing as deputy premier in 1952, he rose rapidly, became general secretary of the CCP in 1954, and a member of the ruling Political Bureau in 1955. A major policy maker, he advocated individualism and material incentives in China's attempt to modernize its economy, which often brought him into conflict with Mao and his orthodox communist beliefs. With the launch of the Cultural Revolution in 1966, Deng was attacked as a capitalist and removed from high party and government posts. He disappeared from public view and worked in a tractor factory, but in 1973 was reinstated by Premier Zhou Enlai, who again made him deputy premier. When Zhou fell ill in 1975, Deng became the effective leader of China. In January 1976, Zhou died, and in the subsequent power struggle Deng was purged by the "Gang of Four"–strict Maoists who had come to power in the Cultural Revolution. In September, however, Mao Zedong died, and Deng was rehabilitated after the Gang of Four fell from power. He resumed his post as deputy premier, often overshadowing Premier Hua Guofeng. Deng sought to open China to foreign investment and create closer ties with the West. In January 1979, he signed accords with President Jimmy Carter, and later that year the United States granted full diplomatic recognition to the People's Republic of China. In 1981, Deng strengthened his position by replacing Hua Guofeng with his protýgý, Hu Yaobang, and together the men instituted widespread economic reforms in China. The reforms were based on capitalist models, such as the decentralization of various industries, material incentives as the reward for economic success, and the creation of a skilled and well-educated financial elite. As chief adviser to a series of successors, he continued to be the main policy maker in China during the 1980s. Under Deng, China's economy rapidly grew, and citizens enjoyed expanded personal, economic, and cultural freedoms. Political freedoms were still greatly restricted, however, and China continued as an authoritative one-party state. In 1989, Deng hesitantly supported the government crackdown on the democratic demonstrations in Tiananmen Square. Later that year, he resigned his last party post but continued to be an influential adviser to the Chinese government until his death in 1997.
1991 – A few hours after darkness fell on Jan. 29, a column of several dozen Iraqi tanks approached the abandoned Saudi town of Khafji. With all turrets pointed to the rear in the international military sign of surrender, the small number of Saudi forces defending the town permitted the enemy force to draw close, in anticipation of their surrender. As the tanks approached, however, the Iraqis turned their turrets toward the defenders and opened fire. This surprise attack proved to be the spearhead of an invasion of Khafji and in a short time the Iraqis drove out the joint force defending the town, occupied it, and began the formation of a defensive posture in anticipation of a counterattack. This force was estimated at approximately 40 tanks and 500 ground troops. During this time, in addition to casualties inflicted on the retrating forces, two soldiers from a U.S. transportation battalion – one a female – were reported missing and believed captured and two six-man Marine recon teams were stranded behind enemy lines. These Marines took up covert positons on rooftops, and would continue to relay back vital information on Iraqi troop movements throughout the battle. At the time, however, the Marines were stranded, surrounded, and in imminent danger. Realizing the scope of the situation, the coalition next had to determine the intent of the Iraqi probes, contain the offensive forces, and regain control over Khafji. For the US led coalition ground forces, the Iraqi attack came at an awkward moment. The Army component was in the midst of its three-week redeployment from the coastal area to attack positions more than 200 miles west. Any disruption to the 24-hour-a-day caravan might upset the timetable for the upcoming attack. Containing the offensive and pushing the Iraqis out of Saudi territory was vital. As the battle began, theater commander Army Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf told reporters, "The mere fact that they launched these attacks indicates they still have a lot of fight left in them." JSTARS reports of Iraqi movement on the border and behind the lines flowed into the Tactical Air Control Center that night at about 10 p.m. local time. Brig. Gen. Buster Glosson received the first JSTARS reports and conferred with Horner. The JFACC ordered the single JSTARS aircraft flying that night to swing back to the KTO and concentrate its arc of coverage over the border area near Khafji. Later that night–at 2 a.m. on Jan. 30–the JSTARS sensors began to detect more movement as the 5th Mechanized entered Khafji and elements of the 3d Armored advancedthrough the adjacent Al Wafra forest. To the west, the Iraqi 1st Mechanized Division probed across the border. Unbeknownst to Saddam, Schwarzkopf had decided not to play into his hands by launching a ground counterattack. "Schwarzkopf told us he didn't want to put any other forces over there," recalled retired USAF Maj. Gen. Thomas R. Olsen, who at the time was serving as CENTAF deputy commander. Schwarzkopf instructed his commanders to use airpower as the key element, along with Marine, Saudi, and other coalition ground forces, to stop the attack. To increase the margin of safety, the Marines embarked on a phased redeployment in their sector to put a buffer of about 20 kilometers of territory between coalition forces and the Iraqis. As long as airpower could reach deep to stop the offensive, the coalition ground forces in the area would not have to be reinforced, and Schwarzkopf would not have to reposition the redeploying Army forces. At the Air Operations Center, the first task was to direct sorties already scheduled on the night's Air Tasking Order to strike moving Iraqi forces picked up by the JSTARS sweep. Air attacks were funneled into the KTO from different altitudes and directions using a grid of designated "kill boxes" as a control measure. Each box measured 30 kilometers by 30 kilometers and was subdivided into four quadrants. Planners pushed a four-ship flight through each kill box every seven to eight minutes in daytime and every 15 minutes at night. In the designated area of the box, a flight lead was free to attack any targets he could identify. Within the CINC's guidance to the air component, air interdiction operated independently. Hundreds of air attacks on Iraqi forces in Kuwait were already scheduled and under way. For example, more than 100 Air Force A-10 sorties were concentrated on the Republican Guards Tawakalna Division far to the northwest of Khafji. Many of the other sorties listed on the Air Tasking Order were already assigned to areas where the three divisions were gathered for the offensive. With airpower already flowing through the kill boxes, air controllers quickly diverted sorties to the Marine forward air controllers or sent them ahead to interdict the Iraqi forces attempting to reach coalition lines. Pilots found the Iraqi armored vehicles were easier to identify and target once they were on the move. Near Al Wafra, an A-10 pilot described the sight of a column of vehicles as "like something from A-10 school." A-6s joined in, using Rockeye air-to-ground weapons. A-10 pilot Capt. Rob Givens later recalled with some amazement: "I, myself–one captain in one airplane–was engaging up to a battalion size of armor on the ground" and "keeping these guys pinned for a little bit." AFSOC AC-130 gunships waiting on alert were scrambled after a hasty briefing. As lead elements of the 5th Mechanized with some support from the 3d Armored reached Khafji, one Air Force gunship caught the column and stopped many of them from entering the town. Anti-aircraft fire and occasional missile launches were reported by the aircrews. However, the rapid attacks to squelch the initiative of the maneuver force also hit the Iraqis before they could bring up and assemble most of their heavier air defense guns and shoulder-fired SAMs, an important edge for the coalition that contributed to increased aircraft survivability and effectiveness
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
FUNK, LEONARD A., JR.
Rank and organization: First Sergeant, U.S. Army, Company C, 508th Parachute Infantry, 82d Airborne Division. Place and date: Holzheim, Belgium, 29 January 1945. Entered service at: Wilkinsburg, Pa. Birth: Braddock Township, Pa. G.O. No.: 75, 5 September 1945. Citation: He distinguished himself by gallant, intrepid actions against the enemy. After advancing 15 miles in a driving snowstorm, the American force prepared to attack through waist-deep drifts. The company executive officer became a casualty, and 1st Sgt. Funk immediately assumed his duties, forming headquarters soldiers into a combat unit for an assault in the face of direct artillery shelling and harassing fire from the right flank. Under his skillful and courageous leadership, this miscellaneous group and the 3d Platoon attacked 15 houses, cleared them, and took 30 prisoners without suffering a casualty. The fierce drive of Company C quickly overran Holzheim, netting some 80 prisoners, who were placed under a 4-man guard, all that could be spared, while the rest of the understrength unit went about mopping up isolated points of resistance. An enemy patrol, by means of a ruse, succeeded in capturing the guards and freeing the prisoners, and had begun preparations to attack Company C from the rear when 1st Sgt. Funk walked around the building and into their midst. He was ordered to surrender by a German officer who pushed a machine pistol into his stomach. Although overwhelmingly outnumbered and facing almost certain death, 1st Sgt. Funk, pretending to comply with the order, began slowly to unsling his submachine gun from his shoulder and then, with lightning motion, brought the muzzle into line and riddled the German officer. He turned upon the other Germans, firing and shouting to the other Americans to seize the enemy's weapons. In the ensuing fight 21 Germans were killed, many wounded, and the remainder captured. 1st Sgt. Funk's bold action and heroic disregard for his own safety were directly responsible for the recapture of a vastly superior enemy force, which, if allowed to remain free, could have taken the widespread units of Company C by surprise and endangered the entire attack plan.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for January 29, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
29 January
1915: First 20 aviation mechanics were designated after passing specified exams. (5) 1926: Lt John A. Macready set a US altitude record of 38,704 feet in an XC05A with Liberty 400 HP engines at Dayton, Ohio. (24)
1935: At Miami, Fla., Harry Richman flew a Sikorsky S-39 to an 18,641.676-foot world altitude record of for amphibians. (24)
1944: WORLD WAR II. During the largest US air operation to date, Eighth Air Force dispatched 809 heavy bombers to drop 1,886 tons of bombs on Frankfurt and Ludwigshaven, Germany. (24)
1947: Operation HIGHJUMP. From 660 miles off Antarctica, the USS Philippine Sea launched six R4D transport planes to Little America in Antarctica. (24)
1958: The Department of Defense established the National Pacific Missile Range for guided and intercontinental ballistic missile testing at the Naval Air Missile Test Center, Point Mugu, Calif. (6)
1959: The Tactical Air Command received the first ski-modified C-130A. (5)
1962: The USAF launched the 47th and last Titan I from Cape Canaveral, Fla., on a 5,000-mile flight. Of the 47 shots, there were 34 successful, 9 partially successful, and 4 failed launches. (6) (26)
1964: First successful launch of a fully fueled, two-stage Saturn from Cape Canaveral, Fla., put a record 10 tons in orbit. (5)
1965: The C-141A's certification ended an unusual program in which industry, the Federal Aviation Administration, and USAF jointly developed, produced, and tested the aircraft. (5)
1973: Operation COUNTDOWN: Through 29 March, following the signing of the Vietnam peace pacts, Air Force and commercial aircraft airlifted 21,000 American and allied forces and 7,000 tons of equipment from South Vietnam. (16) (18)
1978: Operation SNOW BLOW I. Through 31 January, 27 C-141 and 12 C-130 sorties airlifted 500 personnel and 542 tons of equipment from Pope AFB, N. C., and Fort Campbell, Ky., to snowbound Toledo, Ohio. (18)
1979: The E-3A Sentry aircraft assumed a continental air defense mission. (16) (26)
1991: BATTLE OF KHAFJI. Iraqi forces crossed the Kuwaiti border into Saudi Arabia. The USAF suffered its greatest loss of the war, when the Iraqis shot down an AC-130H Spectre gunship, killing all 14 crewmembers on board. Tactical air strikes by coalition air forces, however, routed the invaders in three days. (21)
On this day in Air Force History
January 29:
As part of AFHF's continuing partnership with the ASFA, we direct your attention to one of the Mitchell Institutes' excellent contributions to the understanding of Air and Space Power. This falls under the category of "Know the Past…Shape the Future," and is helpful as the Foundation looks to explore "technological Change in the USAF, 1920-2020" as this year's theme.
In Episode 162 of the Aerospace Advantage, Airpower and Spacepower Predictions for 2024: The Rendezvous, Mitchell Institute's John "Slick" Baum chats with members of the Mitchell Institute team about the latest defense developments in the beltway and the broader national security community.
Episode 162 — Airpower and Spacepower Predictions for 2024: The Rendezvous - Mitchell Institute for Aerospace Studies (mitchellaerospacepower.org)
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