To All,
Good Wednesday Morning October 9, 2024. .My thoughts go out to all of you that are in the path of that Hurricane and I hope that you are all going to be all right. I once lived at MacDill AFB in Tampa and that place is flat and not much higher than the bay. I can't even imagine what a couple of feet of storm surge could do to that place let alone what they are forecasting.
Some bits of History today…but there is no test at the end
BTW the big bobcat came to visit last night.
Regards,
skip
Make it a good Day
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/. Go here to see the director's corner for all 83 H-Grams
Today in Naval and Marine Corps History thanks to NHHC
October 9
1814 Sloop of war USS Wasp informs crew on the Swedish brig Adonis that she is headed to the Caribbean but is never seen again, with all hands lost.
1873 Lt. Charles Belknap calls a meeting of 15 officers at the U.S. Naval Academy to establish the U.S. Naval Institute for the purpose of disseminating scientific and professional knowledge throughout the Navy.
1918 While escorting the British transport ship HMS Aquitania, USS Shaw's (DD 68) rudder jams just as she is completing the right leg of a zigzag, leaving her headed directly toward the transport. Aquitania then strikes Shaw, cutting off 90 feet of the destroyer's bow, mangling her bridge and setting her on fire. Shaw's crew brings her under control, though 12 lives are lost.
1940 Secretary of the Navy William F. Knox approves recommendation to equip 24 submarines with gasoline for delivery to seaplanes on the water. The move followed a demonstration in which submarine Nautilus (SS 168) refueled patrol planes and conducted successful test dive to 300 feet with aviation gasoline aboard.
1942 The first three schools for enlisted WAVES open at Stillwater, Okla. (Yeoman), Bloomington, Ind. (Storekeepers), and Madison, Wis. (Radiomen).
1943 USS Buck (DD 420) sinks after being torpedoed by German submarine U 616. Spotted by friendly aircraft the next morning, 97 survivors are rescued by USS Gleaves (DD 423) and the British LCT-170 the following evening.
1943 USS Kingfish (SS 234) torpedoes and sinks Japanese oiler Hayamato in Sibitu Channel. Also on this date, USS Rasher (SS 269) sinks Japanese army cargo ship Kogane Maru 28 miles from Ambon, while USS Wahoo (SS 238) sinks Japanese cargo ship Hankow Maru off Oga Peninsula.
1945 Typhoon Louise hits Okinawa, sinking 12 ships, grounding 222 and damaging 32 beyond the ability of ships companies to repair.
1952 Carrier aircraft strike communist troops along the front lines in the Korean Peninsula. Naval aviators referred to these raids as "Cherokee strikes" in recognition of the Native American ancestry of Commander Seventh Fleet Vice Adm. Joseph J. Clark.
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Today in World History October 9
28 BC The Temple of Apollo is dedicated on the Palatine Hill in Rome.
1470 Henry VI of England restored to the throne.
1760 Austrian and Russian troops enter Berlin and begin burning structures and looting.
1779 The Luddite riots being in Manchester, England in reaction to machinery for spinning cotton.
1781 Americans begin shelling the British surrounded at Yorktown.
1825 The first Norwegian immigrants to America arrive on the sloop Restaurationen.
1863 Confederate cavalry raiders return to Chattanooga after attacking Union General William Rosecrans' supply and communication lines all around east Tennessee.
1888 The Washington Monument, designed by Robert Mills, opens to the public.
1914 Germans take Antwerp, Belgium, after 12-day siege.
1934 In Marseilles, a Macedonian revolutionary associated with Croat terrorists in Hungary assassinates King Alexander of Yugoslavia and French Foreign Minister Louis Barthou. The two had been on a tour of European capitals in quest of an alliance against Nazi Germany. The assassinations bring the threat of war between Yugoslavia and Hungary, but confrontation is prevented by the League of Nations.
1941 President Franklin D. Roosevelt requests congressional approval for arming U.S. merchant ships.
1946 Eugene O'Neill's play The Iceman Cometh opens at the Martin Beck Theatre in New York.
1949 Harvard Law School begins admitting women.
1950 U.N. forces, led by the First Cavalry Division, cross the 38th parallel in South Korea and begin attacking northward towards the North Korean capital of Pyongyang.
1983 The president of South Korea, Doo Hwan Chun, with his cabinet and other top officials are scheduled to lay a wreath on a monument in Rangoon, Burma, when a bomb explodes. Hwan had not yet arrived so escaped injury, but 17 Koreans--including the deputy prime minister and two other cabinet members--and two Burmese are killed. North Korea is blamed.
1999 Last flight of the Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird" stealth reconnaissance aircraft.
2006 North Korea reportedly tests its first nuclear device.
1992 Meteorite crashes into Chevy Malibu »
On October 9, 1967, socialist revolutionary and guerrilla leader Che Guevara, age 39, is killed by the Bolivian army. The U.S.-military-backed Bolivian forces captured Guevara on October 8 while battling his band of guerrillas in Bolivia and executed him the following day. His hands were cut off as proof of death and his body was buried in an unmarked grave. In 1997, Guevara's remains were found and sent back to Cuba, where they were reburied in a ceremony attended by President Fidel Castro and thousands of Cubans.
Ernesto Rafael Guevara de la Serna was born to a well-off family in Argentina in 1928. While studying medicine at the University of Buenos Aires, he took time off to travel around South America on a motorcycle; during this time, he witnessed the poverty and oppression of the lower classes. He received a medical degree in 1953 and continued his travels around Latin America, becoming involved with left-wing organizations. In the mid 1950s, Guevara met up with Fidel Castro and his group of exiled revolutionaries in Mexico. Guevara played a key role in Castro's seizure of power from Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959 and later served as Castro's right-hand man and minister of industry. Guevara strongly opposed U.S. domination in Latin America and advocated peasant-based revolutions to combat social injustice in Third World countries
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Thanks to 1440
Florida Braces for Milton
Hurricane Milton is set to make landfall in the Tampa Bay area this evening as a Category 3 storm with winds of 111-129 mph, the first major hurricane to hit the area in over 100 years. See a time-lapse video of Milton from space here (via X).
The region's west-facing geographic location and typical weather patterns make direct hurricane landfalls less common but not impossible. The prevailing east-to-west trade winds often push storms originating in the Gulf of Mexico westward. The shallow continental shelf off the coast—up to 90 miles offshore with depths less than 300 feet—creates ideal conditions for large storm surges, essentially acting as a ramp allowing the water to build up as it approaches the shore.
The last major hurricane to directly hit the region was in 1921 when a Category 3 storm brought 110 mph winds and an 11-foot storm surge that caused severe damage, costing roughly $180M in 2024 dollars. Milton is expected to move across central Florida before entering the Atlantic Ocean.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Thanks to the Bear
. From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
(To remind folks that these are from the Vietnam Air Losses site that Micro put together. You click on the url below and can read what happened each day to the aircraft and its crew. .Micro is the one also that goes into the archives and finds these inputs and sends them to me for incorporation in the List. It is a lot of work and our thanks goes out to him for his effort.
From Vietnam Air Losses site for "for 9 October
9-Oct: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=843
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Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
. The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
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From the archives from Al
Monday Morning Humor thanks to Al
These type of reunions are just great. My fellow F-8i Crusader drivers and I had our 32nd Last Annual Crusader Ball (LACB) reunion at the Tail Hook convention in August. And just a couple weeks ago we had our 33rd .We had such fun at the first one we just kept it going….and next year we will have our 34th Skip
Monday Morning Humor--Naval Aviation
This weekend we hosted the 35th anniversary of a group of Fighter Squadron 154 squadronmates. Stories were told and retold…some were even true. I salute these men and their women for the people they are and the job they did so well.
Once you have tasted flight, you will forever walk the earth with your eyes turned skyward, for there you have been and there you will always long to return—from the film I, Leonardo da Vinci
Three great things in life are:
A good landing
A good orgasm
A good bowel movement.
The night carrier landing is one of the few opportunities in life where you get to experience all three at the same time.
Flying Quotations and Truisms....
• God does not subtract from man's allotted time the hours spent while flying, but He extends harsh penalties for those who do not learn to land properly.
• The difference between fear and terror: fear is when your calculations show you may not have enough fuel to make it to your destination. Terror is when you realize you were right.
• Mommy, I want to grow up and be a pilot. Honey, you can't do both.
• When you see a tree in the clouds, it's not good news.
• The older I get, the better pilot I was.
• I'm at the age when I realize the best thing about flying fighters was free oxygen.
• Never fly the "A" model of anything
• Pilots - looking down on people since 1903.
• The average fighter pilot despite a swaggering personality and confident exterior is capable of feelings such as love, affection, humility, caring and intimacy. They just don't involve others.
• An idiot can get an airplane off the ground, It takes a pilot to get it back in one piece.
• Pilot dictum: remember, in the end, gravity always wins.
• You can only tie the record for flying low.
• Computers and black boxes may be replacing pilots, but pilots can be maintained easily and produced by unskilled labor.
• Many young, inexperienced pilots have delusions of adequacy.
• Flying is the art of learning to throw yourself at the ground and miss.
• Optimists invented the airplane. Pessimists invented the parachute.
• Newton's Law: What goes up must come down. Squadron CO's Law: What comes down better be able to go up again!
Q: How do you know there's a fighter pilot in the room?
A: He or she will tell you.
Q: What's the difference between God and a pilot?
A: God doesn't think he's a pilot…
Rules for flying:
• When a flight is proceeding incredibly well, something was forgotten.--Robert Livingston
• Just remember, if you crash because of weather, your funeral will be held on a sunny day.--Layton A. Bennett
• When a crash seems inevitable, endeavor to strike the softest, cheapest object in the vicinity as slowly and gently as possible.--Advice given to RAF pilots during W.W.II
• A pilot who doesn't have any fear probably isn't flying his plane to its maximum.--Jon McBride
• If you're faced with a forced landing, fly the thing as far into the crash as possible.--Bob Hoover
• If an airplane is still in one piece, don't cheat on it; ride the b@$+@rb down.--Ernest K. Gann
• Never fly in the same cockpit with someone braver than you.--Richard Herman, Jr.
• There is no reason to fly through a thunderstorm in peacetime.--Sign over Ready Room desk
Because We Flew—Author unknown
Once the wings go on, they never come off whether they can be seen or not. They fuse to the soul through adversity, fear and adrenaline, and no one who has ever worn them with pride, integrity and guts can ever sleep through the 'call of the wild' that wafts through the bedroom windows in the deep of the night.
When a good flyer leaves the service and retires, many are jealous, some are pleased and yet others, who may have already retired, wonder. We wonder if he knows what he is leaving behind, because we already know. We know, for example, that after a lifetime of precious camaraderie that few experience, it will remain as a longing for those past times.
We know in the world of flying, there is a fellowship which lasts long after the flight suits are hung up in the back of the closet. We know even if he throws them away, they will be on him with every step and breath that remains in his life. We also know how the very bearing of the man speaks of what he was and in his heart still is.
Because we flew, we envy no man on earth.
Have a great week,
Al
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From the archives
This is timely as all of us can relate since most no all of the airplanes we flew are in boneyards or museums. Thanks again to Micro for passing this on almost 14years ago.
A couple weeks ago we had another F-8 Crusader reunion here in San Diego and it was great seeing old friends with a common bond of flying that wonderful aircraft. The call signs come to mind quicker than the names but the feelings are still there and I can't wait for the next one.
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Thanks to DR. There are about a half dozen SR71 stories that have been in the List before. This one is interesting. Another one was someone asked a sled driver how slow he had ever been and that one is very entertaining.
Fall from an SR-71
In 1966, an SR-71 "Blackbird" disintegrated at 78,000 feet. The pilot's first thought was "No one could live through what just happened. Therefore, I must be dead." The History Guy remembers a fall from an SR-71.
I LOVE these kinds of stories. The History Guy brings these events back to life, and provides a lot of color surrounding the story:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRyIGTkcmII
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The other one
https://www.19fortyfive.com › 2021/10 › sr-71-spy-pla...
Oct 12, 2021 — "The back seater later indicated slow speed of 155 knots, pilot saw 152 knots or 175 mph. The aircraft at that point was gently floating down,
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Thanks to History Facts
These common habits came out of WWII
World War II didn't just reshape global politics and drive social change; it also left a lasting imprint on the everyday habits we now take for granted. As the war effort led to new challenges in the U.S., such as resource scarcity and shifting societal rules, the need for innovation and efficiency ushered in not only new military strategies, but new ways of life on the home front. These small but significant changes may have been born out of necessity, but they shaped American etiquette and culture permanently. From grooming to fashion to nutrition, here are some now-common habits that came out of World War II.
Wearing T-Shirts
T-shirts are among the indispensable components of modern style, but they were once considered mere undergarments. The classic white garment first became a standard part of the U.S. Army's uniform during World War I. The undershirt was given a new name — the T-shirt — in the 1920s thanks to writer F. Scott Fitzgerald, and in World War II, it was once again made part of the standard-issue military uniform. By that time, T-shirts were already becoming more than just underwear; they were marketed to civilians and worn by younger crowds in high schools and universities. But it wasn't until after the war ended that they became ubiquitous. Soldiers returning home from combat had grown accustomed to the T-shirt's comfort and began incorporating the item into their everyday wear. Images of soldiers wearing T-shirts while serving their country also boosted the garment's popularity, and in the 1950s, movie stars such as Marlon Brando and James Dean made the T-shirt an undeniable staple of casual fashion.
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Toothbrushing
Oral hygiene existed in various forms for centuries before World War II, but most Americans started brushing their teeth daily only after soldiers brought the habit home with them after the war. During World War I, poor dental care contributed to health problems on the battlefield: Soldiers suffered from "trench mouth," a painful infection that caused sore and bleeding gums, and, in more serious cases, fever and fatigue. As a result, the military emphasized stricter hygiene routines in World War II, including mandatory toothbrushing at least once a day for soldiers. Troops were supplied with hygiene kits containing a toothbrush and toothpaste (or tooth powder, which turned into a rather abrasive paste when mixed with water). By the time the war was over, the habit was ingrained with returning soldiers, and in 1950, when softer nylon toothbrush bristles were introduced, toothbrushing became a daily routine in many American households.
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A Clean Shave
In the years following World War II, American lives were shaped by a sense of relief and optimism. The country's postwar economy surged back to life, and consumerism was not only expected, but encouraged. These changes coincided with new habits among returning U.S. soldiers. Along with having clean teeth, they were also accustomed to being clean shaven — and having easy access to the products needed to stay that way. Razor company Gillette had been providing shaving kits to soldiers since World War I, and in World War II, it also made covert shaving kits for prisoners of war, which contained miniature tools such as compasses, maps, and money. Following the war, the company was eager to capitalize on this brand awareness while meeting new consumer demand as soldiers transitioned back into civilian life. The clean-shaven look remained popular until the beatnik style emerged in the 1960s. Women had also been encouraged to shave their legs since the 1930s, and due to the World War II nylon shortage, smooth legs — with painted-on hosiery — became the norm by the 1950s.
Blue Jeans
Blue jeans were already starting to seep into U.S. culture by the time soldiers reported for duty during the Second World War. Denim dungarees and coats had been worn by the U.S. Navy since the early 1900s, and by the 1930s, jeans were the de facto pants of Western movie stars — a symbol of the romanticized American cowboy. During World War II, however, blue jeans went global. U.S. soldiers stationed overseas were often from working-class Western families, and they wore their denim — some of which was made specifically for soldiers — with pride. By the early 1950s, the style was undeniable: The newly minted "teenager" demographic had adopted blue jeans as counterculture cool. Other developments on the homefront also helped pave the way for the American denim boom. The rise of women in the workforce during the war, symbolized by Rosie the Riveter, positioned the workwear as practical, durable clothing that was both essential for industrial roles, and a staple of postwar women's fashion.
Red Lipstick
Throughout World War II, American women were encouraged to maintain a polished appearance, and lipstick in particular became a powerful symbol of patriotism. As slogans such as "keep your beauty on duty" reminded women that their appearance could boost morale at home and abroad, red lipstick emerged as a defiant beauty staple. When women in the Allied countries learned that Adolf Hitler had a dislike for the look, they embraced it. British women even went so far as to stain their lips with beet juice if they couldn't find or afford the real thing. Red lipstick became a powerful symbol: The U.S. Army commissioned its own shade, "Victory Red," for women in uniform, and in 1942, cosmetic powerhouse Elizabeth Arden's "Montezuma Red" became standard issue. It was available as a lipstick, nail polish, and blush that perfectly matched the red piping and chevrons on the women's Marine uniforms.
Orange Juice at the Breakfast Table
It wasn't just hygiene habits and fashion trends that came out of World War II. America's wartime focus on health and nutrition led to food and beverage staples that resonated for decades — the orange juice craze among them. In order to ensure troops were getting enough scurvy-preventing vitamin C, the U.S. government worked on a viable alternative to cumbersome fresh fruit. Together, the Florida Citrus Commission and U.S. Department of Agriculture attempted to improve upon canned orange juice, which already existed but was not yet popular. Their collaboration led to a breakthrough: evaporating the liquid from fresh juice to produce a juice concentrate. The innovation arrived too late to be utilized by troops during the war, but in 1946, Minute Maid orange juice made its way to American breakfast tables. It wasn't an immediate hit, however — it took a 1949 ad campaign by Bing Crosby to kick-start the enduring breakfast staple.
A Vitamin a Day
In 1941, during the nascent days of the nation's focus on nutrition, President Franklin D. Roosevelt convened the National Nutrition Conference for Defense to address concerns about national vitamin inadequacies. As the U.S. entered World War II, the focus on nutrition became urgent; vitamins were seen as crucial not just for preventing deficiency but also for maintaining peak health and morale. By the mid-1940s, the country's so-called "vitamin famine" was being tackled with new multivitamins such as Vimms, Stams, and the still-popular One A Day. After the war, the demand for vitamins remained strong, and the habit of taking multivitamins, rooted in wartime health strategies and marketing, persists in American culture today
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Thanks to History Facts
7 Myths about the American Revolution
The American Revolution was one of the most significant conflicts of the 18th century. It not only led to the 13 original colonies gaining independence from Great Britain, but also helped establish democracy and representation as a path for governments around the world. Today, schools teach the famous events and figures from this chapter of American history year after year, from the rebellious Boston Tea Party to Paul Revere's "midnight ride" to the "shot heard round the world" during the Revolutionary War. But the storied details of the nation's founding aren't always completely accurate, and there are plenty of myths that persist to this day.
Myth: The American Colonies Went to War Solely Over Taxes
The phrase "taxation without representation" is a popular and easy-to-remember slogan of the American Revolution, based on the argument laid out in Patrick Henry's Virginia Resolves in 1765. Henry wrote a series of resolutions that were passed in Virginia's House of Burgesses in response to the Stamp Act, which levied additional taxes on the British colonies in America. Though taxes were a major point of contention between the colonists and the British crown, they were not the sole reason for the conflict. Mounting tensions between American colonists and the British were also caused by disputes over land distribution — the British planned to reserve the western part of North America for Indigenous peoples, angering colonists with plans to expand outward.
Myth: Paul Revere Was the Only Rider Who Warned About the British
Paul Revere's "midnight ride" was immortalized by painter Grant Wood's 1931 depiction of the event, "The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere," which was inspired by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's 1860 poem "Paul Revere's Ride." While Revere did ride out the evening of April 18, 1775, to warn Sons of Liberty leaders Samuel Adams and John Hancock of the arrival of British troops, he wasn't alone. Patriots William Dawes and Samuel Prescott also rode on different routes through the greater Boston area. All three riders were stopped by the British, but managed to escape and complete their task, warning the rebels that an attack was coming.
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Myth: The Phrase "Don't Fire Until You See the Whites of Their Eyes" Was Coined During the Revolution
The phrase "don't shoot until you see the whites of their eyes" is used as shorthand today, meant as a warning against reacting too quickly. The idiom is typically credited to Colonel Israel Putnam at the Battle of Bunker Hill. But there's no concrete evidence that Putnam uttered the phrase, or that it was first said during that particular battle, or even during the Revolutionary War. In fact, some historians have traced the phrase back to the Seven Years' War a decade earlier, or even to Prussian soldiers during various battles in the 18th century. It's likely this was a phrase already known to soldiers before the American Revolution.
Myth: The Declaration of Independence Was Signed on July 4
Every year, Americans celebrate Independence Day on the Fourth of July, and it's commonly believed that July 4, 1776, marks the date the Declaration of Independence was signed. In reality, the Continental Congress voted to declare independence on July 2, and the Declaration of Independence was formally adopted two days later on July 4. (John Adams even predicted that July 2 would be celebrated as a national holiday for centuries to come.) The signing of the document, meanwhile, didn't begin for another month; John Hancock was the first founding father to sign the declaration, on August 2, 1776.
Myth: The Liberty Bell Cracked While the Declaration of Independence Was Being Read
No trip to Philadelphia is complete without a visit to the Liberty Bell, a 2,000-pound bell that hangs in Independence Hall (formerly the Pennsylvania State House). The bell was ordered from London by Pennsylvania statesman Isaac Norris in 1751, and when it arrived stateside, it cracked on the first ring. The original bell was then melted down and recast in Philadelphia, and it was this second iteration of the Liberty Bell that was rung to celebrate the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence on July 8, 1776. According to lore, the bell fractured again at this historic moment, but as far as records show, no cracks appeared that day. The infamous split in the current bell actually occurred sometime in the mid-19th century; the first record of the blemish appears in 1846.
Myth: George Washington Was a Military Mastermind
The nation's first President is possibly the most famous American of all time, but he was not quite the military mastermind that he's often credited as being. Most of the military decisions during the Revolutionary War were hidden from the public, sparing people the details of the indecision that Washington often faced in times of strife. The general had never commanded a large unit before leading the Continental Army, and though his bravery was lauded, his tactician skills left something to be desired, by some accounts. In the years after the war, Thomas Paine — famous for writing the revolutionary book Common Sense — wrote that Washington "slept away [his] time in the field." That said, Washington's skills as a leader were unparalleled, and his willingness to step down from the presidency after two terms allowed America's fledgling democracy to establish a system of shifting leaders.
Myth: Americans Were United in Their Support of the War
The "spirit of '76" — a nickname for the patriotic fervor around the revolution — was really only a spirit of around 70% to 80% of the population at the time. The rest of the colonists were either loyal to the crown or skeptical of conflict. Some of this divide occurred because of geography, as New England colonists were dragged into the conflict sooner than those in the South. Many people were concerned with the cost (human and financial) of going to war with one of the world's most powerful empires, and some militia fighters had to be paid to enlist rather than volunteering for the cause. By the end of the revolution, however, enthusiasm for American independence was more widespread. This was due in part to a mass exodus of loyalists: By 1786, between 60,000 and 80,000 loyalists left the colonies to go back to Great Britain.
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Thanks to History Facts
When I was very young I would watch my father put corn flakes and puffed Rice in a large red bowl from the set of about 4 of different sizes ( yellow green red and blue as I remember) and colors every morning for breakfast. I was never a fan of that…..skip
One of the most popular breakfast cereals was invented by accident.
Well before the name Kellogg became synonymous with milk-infused breakfast fare and animated tigers, it was associated with health. While serving as director of the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Michigan, physician John Harvey Kellogg earned widespread fame in the late 19th and early 20th centuries for his efforts to cure a range of illnesses. To treat digestive problems, Kellogg developed a concoction called Granula in the 1870s that was made from wheat flour, oatmeal, and cornmeal, baked at high temperatures, and crumbled into tiny pieces. Though it was a hit with patients, the food was a little too similar to what is now considered the first breakfast cereal, the identically named Granula created by nutritionist James Caleb Jackson in 1863, fueling a lawsuit that forced Kellogg to change his product's name to Granola.
Around 1894, Kellogg and his associates, which included his wife, dietitian Ella Eaton Kellogg, and younger brother Will Kellogg, tried developing a new flaked cereal made from wheat dough. While the exact origin is unclear, several sources point to one batch of dough being left out longer than planned. This slightly moldy but fermented batch produced large, delightfully crispy flakes when baked, and the team debuted their creation, dubbed Granose, to a strong reception in the summer of 1895. Of course, the health-minded Dr. Kellogg refused to allow any sugar in this cereal; it was only after former patient C.W. Post hit it big with the 1897 launch of Grape-Nuts, a flavored spinoff of the Granola he saw produced in the sanitarium's kitchen, that Will devised the sweeter, corn-based version of Granose that became ubiquitous on American kitchen tables as Corn Flakes.
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Thanks to Mud
This one is about the good in people and is worth seeing.
S/F,
- Mud
Worth watching to see how people are helping people who have lost everything. Inspirational.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgz1g6_kTow&ab_channel=AtlantaJournal-Constitution
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This Day in U S Military History
October 9
1781 – The bombardment of the British forces at Yorktown begins. Among the American guns there were three twenty-four pounders, three eighteen pounders, two eight-inch (203 mm) howitzers and six mortars. At 3:00 pm, the French guns opened the barrage and drove the British frigate, HMS Guadeloupe across the York River, where she was scuttled to prevent capture. At 5:00 pm the Americans opened fire. George Washington fired the first gun; legend has it that it smashed into a table where British officers were eating. The Franco-American guns began to tear apart the British defenses. Washington ordered that the guns fire all night so that the British could not make repairs. All of the British guns on the left were soon silenced. The British soldiers began to pitch their tents in their trenches and soldiers began to desert in large numbers. Some British ships were also damaged by cannonballs that flew across the town into the harbor.[
1812 – American Lieutenant Jesse Duncan Elliot captured two British brigs, the Detroit and Caledonia on Lake Erie in the War of 1812. Elliot set the brig Detroit ablaze the next day in retaliation for the British capture seven weeks earlier of the city of Detroit.
1864 – At the Battle of Tom's Brook the Confederate cavalry that harassed Sheridan's campaign was wiped by Custer and Merrit's cavalry divisions. After his victory at Fisher's Hill, Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan pursued Early's army up the Shenandoah Valley to near Staunton. On October 6, Sheridan began withdrawing, as his cavalry burned everything that could be deemed of military significance, including barns and mills. Reinforced by Kershaw's division, Early followed. Maj. Gen. Thomas Rosser arrived from Petersburg to take command of Fitz Lee's cavalry division and harassed the retreating Federals. On October 9, Torbert's troopers turned on their pursuers, routing the divisions of Rosser and Lomax at Tom's Brook. With this victory, the Union cavalry attained overwhelming superiority in the Valley.
1917 – The 8th Marines was activated at Quantico, Virginia. Although the regiment would not see combat in Europe during World War I, the officers and enlisted men of the 8th Marines participated in operations against dissidents in Haiti for over five years during the 1920s. During World War II, the regiment was assigned to the 2d Marine Division and participated in combat operations on Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Saipan, Tinian, and Okinawa, and earned three Presidential Unit Citations.
1999 – The last flight of the SR-71. The Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird" was an advanced, long-range, Mach 3+ strategic reconnaissance aircraft. It was developed as a black project from the Lockheed A-12 reconnaissance aircraft in the 1960s by Lockheed and its Skunk Works division. Clarence "Kelly" Johnson was responsible for many of the design's innovative concepts. During reconnaissance missions, the SR-71 operated at high speeds and altitudes to allow it to outrace threats. If a surface-to-air missile launch was detected, the standard evasive action was simply to accelerate and outfly the missile. The SR-71 served with the U.S. Air Force from 1964 to 1998. A total of 32 aircraft were built; 12 were lost in accidents, but none lost to enemy action. The SR-71 has been given several nicknames, including Blackbird and Habu. Since 1976, it has held the world record for the fastest air-breathing manned aircraft, a record previously held by the YF-12. All Blackbirds have been moved to museums except for the two SR-71s and a few D-21 drones retained by the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
*KANDLE, VICTOR L.
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, U.S. Army, 15th Infantry, 3d Infantry Division. Place and date: Near La Forge, France, 9 October 1944. Entered service at: Redwood City, Calif. Birth: Roy, Wash. G.O. No.: 37, 11 May 1945. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. On 9 October 1944, at about noon, near La Forge, France, 1st Lt. Kandle, while leading a reconnaissance patrol into enemy territory, engaged in a duel at pointblank range with a German field officer and killed him. Having already taken 5 enemy prisoners that morning, he led a skeleton platoon of 16 men, reinforced with a light machinegun squad, through fog and over precipitous mountain terrain to fall on the rear of a German quarry stronghold which had checked the advance of an infantry battalion for 2 days. Rushing forward, several yards ahead of his assault elements, 1st Lt. Kandle fought his way into the heart of the enemy strongpoint, and, by his boldness and audacity, forced the Germans to surrender. Harassed by machinegun fire from a position which he had bypassed in the dense fog, he moved to within 15 yards of the enemy, killed a German machinegunner with accurate rifle fire and led his men in the destruction of another machinegun crew and its rifle security elements. Finally, he led his small force against a fortified house held by 2 German officers and 30 enlisted men. After establishing a base of fire, he rushed forward alone through an open clearing in full view of the enemy, smashed through a barricaded door, and forced all 32 Germans to surrender. His intrepidity and bold leadership resulted in the capture or killing of 3 enemy officers and 54 enlisted men, the destruction of 3 enemy strongpoints, and the seizure of enemy positions which had halted a battalion attack.
*BURRIS, TONY K.
Rank and organization: Sergeant First Class, U.S. Army, Company L, 38th Infantry Regiment, 2d Infantry Division. Place and date: vicinity of Mundung -ni, Korea 8 and 9 October 1951. Entered service at: Blanchard, Okla. Birth: Blanchard, Okla. G.O. No.: 84, 5 September 1952. Citation: Sfc. Burris, a member of Company L, distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and outstanding courage above and beyond the call of duty. On 8 October, when his company encountered intense fire from an entrenched hostile force, Sfc. Burris charged forward alone, throwing grenades into the position and destroying approximately 15 of the enemy. On the following day, spearheading a renewed assault on enemy positions on the next ridge, he was wounded by machine gun fire but continued the assault, reaching the crest of the ridge ahead of his unit and sustaining a second wound. Calling for a 57mm. recoilless rifle team, he deliberately exposed himself to draw hostile fire and reveal the enemy position. The enemy machine gun emplacement was destroyed. The company then moved forward and prepared to assault other positions on the ridge line. Sfc. Burris, refusing evacuation and submitting only to emergency treatment, joined the unit in its renewed attack but fire from hostile emplacement halted the advance. Sfc. Burris rose to his feet, charged forward and destroyed the first emplacement with its heavy machine gun and crew of 6 men. Moving out to the next emplacement, and throwing his last grenade which destroyed this position, he fell mortally wounded by enemy fire. Inspired by his consummate gallantry, his comrades renewed a spirited assault which overran enemy positions and secured Hill 605, a strategic position in the battle for "Heartbreak Ridge," Sfc. Burris' indomitable fighting spirit, outstanding heroism, and gallant self -sacrifice reflect the highest glory upon himself, the infantry and the U.S. Army.
*YOUNG, ROBERT H.
Rank and organization: Private First Class, U.S. Army, Company E, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division. Place and date: North of Kaesong, Korea, 9 October 1950. Entered service at: Vallejo, Calif. Born: 4 March 1929, Oroville. Calif. G.O. No.: 65, 2 August 1951. Citation: Pfc. Young distinguished himself by conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty in action. His company, spearheading a battalion drive deep in enemy territory, suddenly came under a devastating barrage of enemy mortar and automatic weapons crossfire which inflicted heavy casualties among his comrades and wounded him in the face and shoulder. Refusing to be evacuated, Pfc. Young remained in position and continued to fire at the enemy until wounded a second time. As he awaited first aid near the company command post the enemy attempted an enveloping movement. Disregarding medical treatment he took an exposed position and firing with deadly accuracy killed 5 of the enemy. During this action he was again hit by hostile fire which knocked him to the ground and destroyed his helmet. Later when supporting tanks moved forward, Pfc. Young, his wounds still unattended, directed tank fire which destroyed 3 enemy gun positions and enabled the company to advance. Wounded again by an enemy mortar burst, and while aiding several of his injured comrades, he demanded that all others be evacuated first. Throughout the course of this action the leadership and combative instinct displayed by Pfc. Young exerted a profound influence on the conduct of the company. His aggressive example affected the whole course of the action and was responsible for its success. Pfc. Young's dauntless courage and intrepidity reflect the highest credit upon himself and uphold the esteemed traditions of the U.S. Army.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for October 9, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
9 October
1905: The Wright Brothers offered the War Department and the Army their airplane for purchase. The Board of Ordnance and Fortification misunderstood their offer as a request for money to conduct invention research and subsequently rejected the offer. (21)
1912: Lt Henry H. Arnold won the first Mackay Trophy competition for the most outstanding military flight of the year. Arnold and Lt Thomas Milling had been challenged to fly a triangular route between Fort Meyer, College Park, and Washington, D.C., and pinpoint a "troop concentration." In winning the award, Arnold had completed the reconnaissance course and reported the simulated enemy troop concentrations to the event judges.
In one respect the "contest" was not a contest at all. Milling, the only other participant, had aircraft problems that kept him on the ground. The flight demonstrated one of the doctrinal missions for army aviation, something the Army air arm was still struggling to define. Perhaps because of these circumstances, Arnold did not take himself or his accomplishment too seriously. The young lieutenant wrote that, "It [the trophy] certainly is handsome. I figure that it will hold about four gallons so I cannot see how you can fill it with anything but beer."
He was not far off. While cleaning the Mackay Trophy one day in 2006 (it is housed at the National Air and Space Museum) the curatorial staff tested the volume of the trophy using non-reactive Styrofoam balls. In fact, the Mackay Trophy cup holds a volume of five gallons (of Styrofoam balls anyway).
1918: More than 250 bombers and 100 pursuit planes, the greatest massing of planes to date, dropped 32 tons of bombs in the cantonment district between La Wavrille and Damvillers. (24)
1934: Wiley Post received the FAI gold medal. (9)
1943: British Air Chief Marshal Portal declared the B-17 bombing of the Focke-Wulf plant at Marienburg the "most perfect example of accurate distribution of bombs." (24)
1952: KOREAN WAR. Fighter-bombers attacked widely scattered communist communications centers from Huichon in N. Korea south to the bomb line. Fifth Air Force aircraft inflicted heavy casualties on a communist regiment, delaying its commitment to the enemy attack underway. (28)
1958: PROJECT MAN HIGH III. Lt Clifton McClure ascended to 98,000 feet in a balloon. The Boeing Airplane Company received the assembly and test contract for the Minuteman I. (6)
1961: Maj Robert White attained 4,093 MPH in the X-15 in a flight at Edwards AFB. Lt Raymond H. Vos, taking part in the T-38 test at Randolph AFB, became the first student to solo in a supersonic plane.
1964: TAC received its first RF-4C aircraft.
1972: Through 19 October, representatives from the US and Soviet Union met in Moscow to discuss the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP), the joint rendezvous and docking mission scheduled for 15 July 1975.
1973: The Board on Geographic Names restored Cape Kennedy to its original name, Cape Canaveral. Later on 1 April 1974, the Air Force redesignated Cape Kennedy AFS as Cape Canaveral AFS.
1999: The final SR-71 Blackbird flight occurred during the Edwards AFB Open House and Air Show. NASA Dryden Flight Research Center pilot Rogers Smith and flight engineer Marta BohnMeyer flew the aircraft to Mach 3.21 at 80,100 feet. (3)
2001: Operation EAGLE ASSIST. NATO deployed AWACS aircraft from Europe to the US to help patrol American airspace after the 11 September terrorist attacks. This was the first time NATO deployed forces to the US for a real contingency. When the operation ended on 16 May 2002, seven NATO aircraft had flown 360 sorties. (21)
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