To All,
Good Thursday Morning October 10, 2024. I hope that all of you in the path of Milton are well and safe. I know it is not over so hang in there. Lots of work around the house getting ready for the painters coming to fix and paint the outside of the house. As YP would say we have tooo much chit ...
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Regards,
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Make it a good Day
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/. Go here to see the director's corner for all 83 H-Grams
Today in Naval and Marine Corps History .
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October 10
1845 The Naval School, now known as the Naval Academy, opens in Annapolis, Md. with 50 midshipmen and seven professors. The first superintendent, Cmdr. Franklin Buchanan, later becomes an admiral in the Confederate Navy and commands the Confederate forces at Mobile Bay, Ala.
1860 USS San Jacinto, commanded by Capt. T.A. Dorwin, captures the slave ship Bonito in the South Atlantic with about 622 slaves onboard. Bonito is then taken into naval service.
1923 The first American-built rigid airship USS Shenandoah (ZR 1), powered by helium gas instead of hydrogen, is christened at Naval Air Station Lakehurst, N.J. On Sept. 3, 1925, USS Shenandoah encounters violent weather over southern Ohio and breaks up. Fourteen of her crew lose their lives in this tragedy.
1943 USS Bonefish (SS 223) sinks the Japanese army cargo ship Isuzugawa Maru and merchant transport Teibi Maru off Cam Ranh Bay, French Indochina.
1955 Following a week of disaster relief operations in the wake of Hurricane Hilda, USS Saipan (CVL 48), with HTU-1 embarked, sails from Tampico, Mexico. Helicopters flying from the ship rescue 5,439 people and deliver 183,017 pounds of food and medical supplies.
1985 Navy F-14's launch from USS Saratoga (CV 60), intercept an Egyptian 737 airliner over international waters, and direct it to Sigonella, Sicily. The airliner was carrying four Middle Eastern terrorists who hijacked the Italian cruise ship Achille Lauro Oct. 7 and murdered a U.S. citizen. The hijackers are taken into custody.
2005 A 7.6 magnitude earthquake near the Indo-Pakistani border kills more than 73,000 people and renders nearly three million homeless. USS Tarawa (LHA 1) Expeditionary Strike Group Commander, Rear Adm. Michael A. LeFever, coordinates the operations of the Disaster Assistance Center at Islamabad, Pakistan. Through 13 Feb., U.S. and allied aircraft fly more than 4,000 missions, deliver over 11,000 tons of supplies, and transport more than 18,000 people.
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Today in World History October 10
19 Germanicus, the best loved of Roman princes, dies of poisoning. On his deathbed he accuses Piso, the governor of Syria, of poisoning him.
732 At Tours, France, Charles Martel kills Abd el-Rahman and halts the Muslim invasion of Europe.
1733 France declares war on Austria over the question of Polish succession.
1789 In Versailles France, Joseph Guillotin says the most humane way of carrying out a death sentence is decapitation by a single blow of a blade.
1794 Russian General Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov crushes the rebel Polish army at Maciejowice, Poland.
1845 The U.S. Naval Academy is founded at Annapolis, Md.
1863 The first telegraph line to Denver is completed.
1877 Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer is buried at West Point in New York.
1911 Revolution in China begins with a bomb explosion and the discovery of revolutionary headquarters in Hankow. The revolutionary movement spread rapidly through west and southern China, forcing the abdication of the last Ch'ing emperor, six-year-old Henry Pu-Yi. By October 26, the Chinese Republic will be proclaimed, and on December 4, Premier Yuan Shih-K'ai will sign a truce with rebel general Li Yuan-hung.
1911 The Panama Canal opens.
1933 At Rio de Janeiro, nations of the Western Hemisphere sign a non-aggression and conciliation treaty. President Roosevelt adopts a "good neighbor" policy toward Latin America and announces a policy of nonintervention in Latin American affairs at the December 7th International American Conference at Montevideo, Uruguay.
1941 Soviet troops halt the German advance on Moscow.
1953 The Mutual Defense Treaty between the US and South Korea signed.
1966 U.S. Forces launch Operation Robin, in Hoa Province south of Saigon in South Vietnam, to provide road security between villages.
1970 The Quebec Provincial Minister of Labour, Pierre Laporte, is kidnapped by terrorists.
1971 The London Bridge, built in 1831 and dismantled in 1967, reopens in Lake Havusu City, Arizona, after being sold to Robert P. McCulloch and moved to the United States.
1973 Spiro Agnew resigns the vice presidency amid accusations of income tax evasion. President Richard Nixon names Gerald Ford as the new vice president. Agnew is later convicted and sentenced to three years probation and fined $10,000.
1985 An Egyptian plane carrying hijackers of the Achille Lauro cruise ship is intercepted by US Navy F-14s and forced to land at a NATO base in Sicily.
2008 Orakzai bombing, Afghanistan: members of the Taliban drive an explosive-laden truck into a meeting of 600 people discussing ways to rid their area of the Taliban; the bomb kills 110.
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ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Thanks to the Bear
. From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com
This following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
(To remind folks that these are from the Vietnam Air Losses site that Micro put together. You click on the url below and can read what happened each day to the aircraft and its crew. .Micro is the one also that goes into the archives and finds these inputs and sends them to me for incorporation in the List. It is a lot of work and our thanks goes out to him for his effort.
From Vietnam Air Losses site for "for 9 October
9-Oct: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=843
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Vietnam Air Losses
Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
. The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature. https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
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Thanks to1440 for these two
Milton Arrives Stateside
Hurricane Milton made landfall on Florida's Gulf Coast last night as a Category 3 storm, bringing wind speeds of 120 mph and over a dozen tornadoes and thunderstorm warnings. See live updates here.
Among the greatest dangers is Milton's storm surge, expected to reach up to 13 feet as of this writing. An estimated 6 million Florida residents were ordered to evacuate ahead of the storm's arrival, including to dozens of emergency shelters; those who did not were directed to shelter in place. More than 1 million people have lost power. Several airports have closed; emergency services in multiple counties have been suspended.
Tampa is among several Florida cities considered most vulnerable to storm surge in the US due to its low elevation and continental shelf acting like a funnel, with water accumulating on the coast. As the storm continues on its projected path into the Atlantic Ocean, it is expected to reshape the state's coastline.
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Mama Bear Retains Crown
A mother bear known as 128 "Grazer" won this year's Fat Bear Week competition, her second consecutive win. The annual popularity contest, launched in 2014, promotes conservation efforts at Alaska's Katmai National Park, home to an estimated 2,200 brown bears.
Over the course of a week, public participants rank before-and-after photos of roughly a dozen bears working to beef up for winter in a bracket-style competition (see photos). This year, reigning champion Grazer's fat-packing evolution was considered especially noteworthy given her calorie-draining care for a young cub, and the recent death of another offspring.
In late summer, bears enter a state known as hyperphagia, in which the appetite-suppressing hormone leptin is turned off, enabling them to eat dozens of salmon daily. The bears consume the fattiest parts of the fish, gaining as much as 4 pounds per day before retreating to a den for winter. Learn more here.
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. Thanks to Richard
Subject: Memory test
THIS MAY BE HARDER THAN YOU MIGHT THINK.
THE ANSWERS WILL BE ON THE TIP OF YOUR TONGUE BUT YOU JUST CAN'T QUITE REMEMBER THE CORRECT ANSWER.
DON'T LOOK BELOW FOR THE ANSWERS UNTIL YOU'VE TRIED TO FIGURE THEM OUT. The answers are at the end of today's List.
A TEST FOR 'OLDER' KIDS. I was picky who I sent this to. It had to be those who might actually remember.
So have some fun, my sharp-witted friends.
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1. After the Lone Ranger saved the day and rode off into the sunset, the grateful citizens would ask, "Who was that masked man?" Invariably, someone would answer, "I don't know, but he left this behind." What did he leave behind? __ _______ _______.
2. When the Beatles first came to the U.S. in early 1964, we all watched them on The ____ ___________ Show.
3. 'Get your kicks __ _________ _______.'
4. 'The story you are about to see is true. The names have been changed to _____ _ _____.
5. 'In the jungle, the mighty jungle, ____ ____ ____ ____.'
6. After the Twist, The Mashed Potato, and the Watusi, we 'danced' under a stick that was lowered as low as we could go in a dance called the '_____.'
7. Nestlé's makes the very best....' _________.'
8. Satchmo was America 's 'Ambassador of Goodwill.' Our parents shared this great jazz trumpet player with us. His name was ______ ___________.
9. What takes a licking and keeps on ticking? _______.
10. Red Skeleton's hobo character was named ______ ___ ________ and Red always ended his television show by saying, 'Good Night, and '________ ________ . '
11. Some Americans who protested the Vietnam War did so by burning their ______ _______.
12. The cute little car with the engine in the back and the trunk in the front was called the VW. What other names did it go by? ___ & _______.
13. In 1971, singer Don MacLean sang a song about, "The day the music died." This was a tribute to _______ ____________. (Omitted here but still part of the tribute were The Big Bopper and Ritchie Valens.)
14. We can remember the first satellite placed into orbit. The Russians did it. It was called __________.
15. One of the big fads of the late 50's and 60's was a large plastic ring that we twirled around our waist. It was called the ______ _____ .
16. Remember LS/MFT _____ _____/_____ _____ _____?
17. Hey Kids! What time is it? It's _____ ______ _____!
18. Who knows what secrets lie in the hearts of men? Only The _____ Knows!
19. There was a song that came out in the 60's that was "a grave yard smash". Its name was the ______ ______!
20. Alka Seltzer used a "boy with a tablet on his head" as its Logo/Representative - What was the boy's name? ________
Send this to your 'older' friends, (better known as "Seniors.") It will drive them crazy!
And keep them busy and let them forget their aches and pains for a few minutes.
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Thanks to Brett……Interesting take on things there…
. Geopolitical Futures:
Keeping the future in focus
https://geopoliticalfutures.com
Daily Memo: In the Middle East Conflict, Opportunities Arise
Iran's losses could be Turkey's gains.
By Kamran Bokhari
Oct 10, 2024
The conflict between Iran and Israel has set the Middle East down a path toward a slow but significant strategic shift. Iran's flagging influence has created an opportunity for the region's Sunni Arab states to tip the balance of power in their favor, but they will likely be unable to do so. The one country that possibly can is Turkey, mired though it is in its own domestic problems. Either way, the change underway will be a long, messy process.
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As of Oct. 9, several escalatory elements are in play. U.S. President Joe Biden is slated to speak on the phone with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to discuss how he plans to respond to Iran's recent missile bombardment. This follows a last-minute decision by Netanyahu to cancel a trip by Defense Minister Yoav Gallant to Washington to discuss Israel's war plans. Elsewhere, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi is due to arrive in the Saudi capital of Riyadh to discuss regional security in light of the conflict.
The Biden administration is, of course, on its way out, and it is trying to leverage Israel's dependence on U.S. military aid to shape the response to Iran. Its goal is to keep Israel from targeting Iran's nuclear facilities and oil infrastructure, as an attack of that kind would create even more problems for the United States and its allies in the region. Israel simply wants Washington to go along with as many of its plans as possible.
Regardless of how severely Israel responds, the reality is that Iran has already sustained heavy blows to its regional position. Its premier proxy, Hezbollah, has been decimated, its leadership and offensive capabilities greatly degraded. It took years for Tehran to build Hezbollah, using resources made scarce by a grueling sanctions regime against it. The group is the foundation of Iranian power projection capability in the Arab world, and it is central to Tehran's plans to create an arc of influence stretching to the Eastern Mediterranean. For its part, Hezbollah is trying to mitigate the political fallout of the destruction of its military capabilities. It knows it is no longer the weapon it once was, so it needs to preserve its position at home. Iran's other regional proxies – its militias in Iraq and Syria and the Houthis in Yemen – are not as powerful as Hezbollah and are no doubt considering their future, especially as Israel plans to punish their patron.
So far, Iran has managed to maintain a perception of power because it has yet to be hit inside its borders. But the fact that Hezbollah is bearing the brunt of the Israeli assault exposes the limits of Iran's reliance on proxy warfare and likely undermines the morale of the so-called axis of resistance. Sensing this, Iran's many regional competitors may be emboldened to take advantage of the situation, which is nothing short of historic. The founding of the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979 – itself a consequence of post-world war Sunni fragmentation – ushered in a new era of geosectarian rivalries that had been dormant for centuries. Tehran had already been cultivating ties with Shiite actors throughout the Arab world by the time the U.S. invaded Iraq in 2003. That war merely accelerated Iran's proxy project, which enabled Tehran to deeply penetrate the Arab world. The last time Shiites posed a major challenge to a Sunni-majority Middle East was during the early 16th century with the rise of the Safavid Empire. (The Ottomans were in control of Syria and Iraq at the time, so in some ways modern Iran has achieved what no other government has.)
Iran's regional strategy demanded that it block Turkey where it could. Frustrated, Turkey watched with dismay at how Iran exploited the conflicts in the Arab world, especially the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, to advance its ambitions and create crises on Turkey's southern flank. Iran's losses in the region, then, are Turkey's gains. Turkey has already begun to improve its relations with Syria after more than a decade of hostility. The Assad regime has been trying to rehabilitate itself for years. Toward that end, it is happy to reduce its dependence on Iran, Hezbollah and other militias, and it has every interest in distancing itself from the Israeli-Iranian confrontation. Here is where the interests of Ankara and Damascus converge. The only constraint Syria has in pulling away from Iran is the fear of a revived Sunni rebellion. Israel's attacks on Hezbollah are likely emboldening Sunni rebel groups, but if Turkey, which has backed them in the past, is willing to restrain these groups, then an understanding can be reached.
Turkey and Syria also have overlapping interests in limiting the growth of Syrian Kurdish separatists. Syrian President Bashar Assad wants to regain control of the territory he lost in the northeast, and Ankara wants to weaken Kurdish separatism in Syria because it poses a threat to Turkey. Clearly, Ankara has its work cut out for it, and Tehran will not give up without a fight.
After all, Syria is critical to Iran's connection with Hezbollah and key to the survival of the pro-Iranian Shiite-dominated regime in Iraq. The presence of a Sunni Arab majority on both sides of the Syrian-Iraqi frontier is a threat to Iranian ambitions and a potential asset for Turkey to roll back Iranian influence in the northern rim of the Middle East.
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A BLAST FROM THE PAST SO TO SPEAK….SKIP
Thanks to the Smithsonian
An American Bomb Left Over From World War II Explodes at an Airport Taxiway in Japan
No one was injured in the blast, and authorities are investigating why the ordnance detonated after so many years underground
Overhead view of bomb crater in asphalt
The blast left a large crater in the taxiway at Miyazaki Airport. Kyodo via AP Images
Eight decades after World War II, an American bomb left over from the conflict exploded at a regional airport in Japan. Though the blast left a large hole in a taxiway and led to the cancellation of dozens of flights, no one was injured during the incident.
The 550-pound ordnance had been buried underground at Miyazaki Airport, located along the southwest coast of Japan. It detonated unexpectedly on the morning of October 2.
Investigations are still ongoing, but police and military officials say they don't think the public is at risk of any additional danger.
"There is no threat of a second explosion, and police and firefighters are currently examining the scene," says Yoshimasa Hayashi, chief cabinet secretary, as reported by BBC News' Maia Davis.
Watch: U.S. Bomb From World War II Explodes at Japanese Airport | WSJ NewsWatch on YouTube Logo
No aircraft were nearby at the time of the explosion, but the airport canceled more than 80 flights. According to Agence France-Presse, it resumed normal operations the next day.
A camera at a nearby aviation school captured footage of the blast, per the Associated Press' Mari Yamaguchi. Moments after a plane taxied across the area, a fountain of asphalt and dust spewed into the air.
The explosion was over in just a few seconds, but the bomb left behind a crater that was reportedly three feet deep and seven yards in diameter, according to Japanese television broadcasts.
In response to the explosion, Japanese officials ordered a sweep of Miyazaki and other regional airports for additional bombs, reports the South China Morning Post's Julian Ryall.
American troops likely dropped the bomb in a bid to stop kamikaze attack missions departing from the airport. The facility was built in 1943 as an Imperial Japanese Navy base.
Japanese officials are looking into what caused the bomb to go off after so many years. One possibility is that the explosion was triggered by vibrations from the airplane driving above it on the surface, per the South China Morning Post.
"These bombs are usually safe, although if they are disturbed or their inner workings get wet then they can become more unstable," Garren Mulloy, a scholar of international relations at Japan's Daito Bunka University, tells the publication. "Over time, the detonator and primer can deteriorate, but also many were fitted with trembler switches that would detonate the device if someone tries to defuse them after they have been dropped. The bottom line is that they are less predictable if they did not go off as they were originally designed to do."
Unexploded American ordnances from World War II are still buried all over Japan, though they rarely detonate. Last year, Japan disposed of 2,348 bombs weighing 41 tons, per Reuters' Kantaro Komiya. The bombs are sometimes unearthed during construction projects and safely disarmed by specialists.
Unexploded World War II bombs also remain hidden in Europe and other parts of Asia. In October 2023, a Japanese bomb was discovered at a suburban construction site in Singapore.
Several such bombs have been uncovered in 2024. In February, a woman found a German bomb in her backyard in Plymouth, England, leading to the evacuation of 10,000 people. A few months later, a construction crew working in Cologne, Germany, discovered an unexploded bomb in the Rhine River. An unexploded American bomb was unearthed in Mainz, Germany, around the same time.
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THANKS TO NICE NEWS
California Dominates List of America's Greenest Cities
Art Wager/ iStock
The Golden State gets a gold medal for sustainability, according to a new ranking from WalletHub. California is home to six of the top 10 greenest cities in America, with sunny San Diego taking the No. 1 spot.
The site explained that San Diego's ranking is thanks to a few factors, one being that it has the highest number of solar panel installations per capita. Nearly half of the city's electricity comes from renewable sources, which leads us to the next point: San Diego has the second-lowest Urban Heat Island Effect Index in the U.S.
"What that means is there's only a relatively small amount of difference between the average temperature in the city and its less-developed immediate surroundings," the report reads. "In other words, use of green energy in San Diego helps keep it from being an excessively hot city environment."
Following San Diego on the list are Washington, D.C. and Honolulu, and the top five is rounded out by two more California locales: San Francisco and San Jose.
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Thanks to History Facts
. There's an ancient mosaic in Pompeii that says "Cave Canem," or "Beware of the dog."
WORLD HISTORY
Most cities are spoken of in the present tense, but then most cities aren't synonymous with disaster. And while few details about Pompeii and its destruction following Mount Vesuvius' eruption in 79 CE are anything less than tragic, there are exceptions — such as the fact that a mosaic reading "Cave Canem," or "Beware of the dog," was uncovered in the ancient city. In addition to the text, the mosaic features a very well-preserved engraving of the guard pup in question. The warning was found at what's now called the House of the Tragic Poet, also known as both the Iliadic House and the Homeric House, which is famous for the detailed portrayals of Greek mythology found on its frescoes and floors.
Despite the dwelling's name, no one knows who lived there; the moniker is a reference to one of the mythological scenes depicted on its walls. The house was discovered by archaeologist Antonio Bonucci in 1824 and, due to its fanciful artwork, has become one of the excavated city's most sought-after destinations for visitors and historians alike. Mount Vesuvius has erupted many times throughout its destructive history, but no eruption has stayed in the collective imagination quite like the fateful one that destroyed Pompeii — it's not often that an entire city and the surrounding area are buried and preserved in volcanic ash.
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. Thanks to Mike
The longer I live, the more I realize the impact of attitude on life.
Attitude, to me, is more important than facts. It is more important than the past, than education, than money, than circumstances, than failures, than successes, than what other people think or say or do.
It is more important than appearance, giftedness or skill. It will make or break a company. A church. A home. The remarkable thing is we have a choice every day regarding the attitude we will embrace for that day.
We cannot change our past. We cannot change the fact that people will act in a certain way. We cannot change the inevitable. The only thing we can do is play on the one string we have, and that is our attitude.
I am convinced that life is 10% what happens to me and 90% how I react to it. And so it is with you. We are in charge of our attitudes.
--Charles Swindoll
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From the Archives
. Thanks to Strayburst
Admiral Stockdale
The below quote was from 1980. I believe our youth are even worse today. I took the Stockdale course on stoicism at the War College and it was enlightening, to say the least.
"The educated man, particularly the educated leader, copes with the fact that life is not fair. The problem for education is not to teach people how to deal with success but how to deal with failure. And the way to deal with failure is not to invent scapegoats or to lash out at your followers. Moreover, a properly educated leader, especially when harassed and under pressure, will know from his study of history and the classics that circumstances very much like those he is encounter¬ing have occurred from time to time on this earth since the beginning of history. He will avoid the self-¬indulgent error of seeing himself in a predicament so unprecedented, so unique, as to justify his making an ex¬ception to law, custom, or morality in favor of himself. The making of such exceptions has been the theme of pub¬lic life throughout much of our lifetimes. For 20 years, we've been surrounded by gamesmen unable to cope with the wisdom of the ages. They make exceptions to law and cus¬tom in favor of themselves because they chose to view ordinary dilemmas as unprecedented crises."
from Moral Leadership
By Vice Admiral James B. Stockdale, U. S. Navy (Retired) September 1980 Proceedings Vol. 106/9/931 #leadership #navy #USNI
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. I have a quick meteorite story. Very early One morning I was returning from a 1 V 1 initial tactics hop in the F-14 with a student pilot in the other plane.. We had been it the operating area southwest of Miramar. I had pushed him out to the west of me to practice combat spread while returning to NKX and he kept falling back. At one point he was so far back that I had to turn my head to look at him and as I was telling him to get back in position. I watched a meteorite from High six come down and fly right between us and continue into the ocean in front of us. It was still burning as it went between us and broke apart. Quite a sight.!!!
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. This Day in Aviation History" brought to you by the Daedalians Airpower Blog Update. To subscribe to this weekly email, go to https://daedalians.org/airpower-blog/.
Oct. 11, 1968
Apollo 7, the first manned Apollo spacecraft, was launched aboard a Saturn IB rocket from Launch Complex 34, Cape Kennedy Air Force Station, Cape Kennedy, Florida. The flight crew were Capt. Walter M. "Wally" Schirra, United States Navy, the mission commander, on his third space flight; Maj. Donn F. Eisele, U.S. Air Force, the command module pilot, on his first space flight; and Maj. Walter Cunningham, U.S. Marine Corps, lunar module pilot, also on his first space flight. Retired Colonel Cunningham is a Daedalian Life Member; retired Captain Schirra was one until his death in 2007.
Oct. 12, 1976
The Sikorsky S-72 Rotor Systems Research Aircraft (RSRA) made its first flight at Stratford, Connecticut. The S-72 was a hybrid aircraft built for the United States Army and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Its purpose was to serve as a flight test vehicle for various helicopter rotor configurations. Learn more about the S-72 HERE.
Oct. 13, 1922
First Lt. Theodore Joseph Koenig, Air Service, United States Army, won the Liberty Engine Builders' Trophy Race, a race for observation-type aircraft powered by the Liberty 12 engine at the National Air Races at Selfridge Field, Michigan. Flying a Packard Lepère L USA C.II, Air Service serial number A.S. 40015, Koenig completed 10 laps of the triangular racecourse in 2:00:01.54, at an average speed of 128.8 miles per hour. In addition to a trophy, cash prizes were awarded to the competitors for first, second and third place finishes. First place received $1,200 (about $16,747 in 2017); second place, $600; third place, $200.
Oct. 14, 1938
The first flight of the Curtiss XP-40 Tomahawk was on this date.
Oct. 15, 1944
More than 1,000 Eighth Air Force heavy bombers attacked marshalling yards and a gas unit plant at Cologne, Germany; they were escorted by less than 12 fighter groups. Another two P-47 groups swooped in low to bomb and strafe targets in Hannover and Muenster-Kassel.
Oct. 16, 1943
Lockheed received a contract to produce the XP-80 Shooting Star, the first true American jet-propelled fighter.
Oct. 17, 1911
Searching for improved powerplants, Navy Capt. Washington I. Chambers of the Bureau of Navigation, in a letter to Glenn H. Curtiss, discussed heavy oil (or diesel) engines and turbine engines similar in principle to those that, some 30 years later, would make jet propulsion practical. Chambers wrote, "In my opinion, this turbine is the surest step of all, and the aeroplane manufacturer who gets in with it first is going to do wonders."
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This Day in U S Military History
October 10
1941 – The destroyer USS Kearney is attacked by a German, submarine. In the attack, ten sailors are killed and scores injured. America suffers its first war casualties in World War II. Pearl Harbor is still seven weeks away.
1944 – Nearly two hundred of Admiral Halsey's planes struck Naha, Okinawa's capital and principal city, in five separate waves. The city was almost totally devastated. The American war against Japan was coming inexorably closer to the Japanese homeland.
1950 – A total of sixteen Air Guard squadrons are mobilized for duty during the Korean War. Five of these fighter squadrons, the 111th (TX), 136th (TX), 154th (AR), 158th (GA) and 196th (CA) would fly missions in Korea. Sixteen other units were deployed to NATO bases in Europe.
2013 – Scott Carpenter, Mercury 7 astronaut and second American to orbit the earth, dies at 88 following complications from a stroke. Malcolm Scott Carpenter (born May 1, 1925) was an American test pilot, astronaut, and aquanaut. He was one of the original seven astronauts selected for NASA's Project Mercury in April 1959. Carpenter was the second American (after John Glenn) to orbit the Earth and the fourth American in space, following Alan Shepard, Gus Grissom, and John Glenn. After being chosen for Project Mercury in 1959, Carpenter, along with the other six astronauts, oversaw the development of the Mercury capsule. He served as backup pilot for John Glenn, who flew the first U.S. orbital mission aboard Friendship 7 in February 1962. Carpenter, serving as capsule communicator on this flight, can be heard saying "Godspeed, John Glenn" on the recording of Glenn's liftoff. When Deke Slayton was withdrawn on medical grounds from Project Mercury's second manned orbital flight (which Slayton would have named Delta 7), Carpenter was assigned to replace him. He flew into space on May 24, 1962, atop the Mercury-Atlas 7 rocket for a three-orbit science mission that lasted nearly five hours. His Aurora 7 spacecraft attained a maximum altitude of 164 miles (264 km) and an orbital velocity of 17,532 miles per hour (28,215 km/h). In July 1964 in Bermuda, Carpenter sustained a grounding injury from a motorbike accident while on leave from NASA to train for the Navy's SEALAB project. In 1965, for SEALAB II, he spent 28 days living on the ocean floor off the coast of California. During the SEALAB II mission, Carpenter's right index finger was wounded by the toxic spines of a scorpion fish. He returned to work at NASA as Executive Assistant to the Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center, then returned to the Navy's Deep Submergence Systems Project in 1967, based in Bethesda, Maryland, as a Director of Aquanaut Operations for SEALAB III. In the aftermath of aquanaut Berry L. Cannon's death while attempting to repair a leak in SEALAB III, Carpenter volunteered to dive down to SEALAB and help return it to the surface, although SEALAB was ultimately salvaged in a less hazardous way. Carpenter retired from the Navy in 1969, after which he founded Sea Sciences, Inc., a corporation for developing programs for utilizing ocean resources and improving environmental health.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
DARROUGH, JOHN S.
Rank and organization: Sergeant, Company F, 113th Illinois Infantry. Place and date: At Eastport, Miss., 10 October 1864. Entered service at: Concord, Morgan County, Ill. Birth: Kentucky. Date of issue: 5 February 1895. Citation: Saved the life of a captain.
CARTER, ROBERT G.
Rank and organization: Second Lieutenant, 4th U.S. Cavalry. Place and date: On Brazos, River, Tex., 10 October 1871. Entered service at: Bradford, Mass. Birth: Bridgeport, Maine. Date of issue: 27 February 1900. Citation: Held the left of the line with a few men during the charge of a large body of Indians, after the right of the line had retreated, and by delivering a rapid fire succeeded in checking the enemy until other troops came to the rescue.
BONG, RICHARD 1. (Air Mission)
Rank and organization: Major, U.S. Army Air Corps. Place and date: Over Borneo and Leyte, 10 October to 15 November 1944. Entered service at: Poplar, Wis. Birth: Poplar, Wis. G.O. No.: 90, 8 December 1944. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action above and beyond the call of duty in the Southwest Pacific area from 10 October to 15 November 1944. Though assigned to duty as gunnery instructor and neither required nor expected to perform combat duty, Maj. Bong voluntarily and at his own urgent request engaged in repeated combat missions, including unusually hazardous sorties over Balikpapan, Borneo, and in the Leyte area of the Philippines. His aggressiveness and daring resulted in his shooting down 8 enemy airplanes during this period.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for October 10, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
10 October
1910: Armstrong Drexel used a Bleriot airplane to set a FAI altitude record of 9,449 feet at Philadelphia. (9)
1911: Lt Thomas DeWitt Milling flew a Wright Airplane at College Park to test the Riley E. Scott bombsight and dropping device in its first military trial. (21)
1923: The first American rigid dirigible, the Shenandoah, was the first Zeppelin-type to use helium gas. (21) (24)
1928: Capt St. Clair Streett, pilot, and Capt Albert W. Stevens, observer and photographer, set an unofficial world altitude record of 37,854 feet for planes carrying more than one person in flight from Wright Field. (24)
1943: Eighth Air Force sent 313 heavy bombers to attack Munster, Germany, where 33 aircraft were destroyed and 102 damaged. (4)
1946: Headquarters US AAF assigned SAC the additional mission of sea search and antisubmarine warfare. A few weeks later, the 509 BG deployed its B-29s to Rio Hato, Panama, to join Navy forces in Operation Nullus. (1)
1947: The US Patent Office issued a patent on the Norden bombsight. Inventor Carl L. Norden had applied for the patent in 1931. (24)
1950: KOREAN WAR. The USAF activated the first ANG units to support the Korean War. The US eventually mobilized 66 flying units and 45,000 guardsmen into federal service. An H-5 crew from the 3 ARS administered, for the first time while a helicopter was in flight, blood plasma to a rescued pilot. The crewmembers received Silver Stars for this action. (21) (28)
1951: KOREAN WAR. Far East Air Forces marked a significant date for the Chinese, the anniversary of the overthrow of the Manchu Dynasty, by dropping special leaflets and making radio broadcasts aimed at Chinese Communist Forces in Korea. (28)
1956: NACA, the forerunner of NASA, revealed that a four-stage, rocket-propelled research missile had attained speeds of mach 10.4, the equivalent of 6,864 MPH at high altitudes. (24)
1961: NASA, in a Wallops Station launching, lifted an Argo D-4 rocket to an altitude of 585 miles to study the density of electricity charged helium atoms in the upper atmosphere. (24)
1963: COLLIER TROPHY. The seven original Mercury astronauts received the trophy for their flights to orbit the earth. (16) (26)
1967: The 351 SMW at Whiteman AFB fielded the first Minuteman II Emergency Rocket Communication System (ERCS). It replaced the Blue Scout Junior ERCS system in Nebraska. (1) (6)
1972: Competitive flight tests between the A-9 and A-10 began. (3)
1981: McDonnell-Douglas' AV-8B Harrier shown at St. Louis. (12)
1982: Boeing's AGM-86B ALCM flew its last flight at Edwards. (3)
1983: The C-20A flew its first operational mission. (18)
1986: The USAF placed the Peacekeeper ICBM (LGM-118A) on alert. (21)
1994: Operation VIGILANT WARRIOR. When Iraqi troops massed on the Kuwaiti border, USAF airlifters started flying troops to the Persian Gulf. The number of planes also increased from 77 to 270 as the USAF sent more F-15E Eagles, F-16 Fighting Falcons, and A-10 Thunderbolt IIs to the region. (16) (18)
1998: After a year of testing, Lockheed-Martin test pilot Jon Beesley flew the F-22 Raptor beyond Mach 1.0 for the first time at Edwards AFB. In nonafterburning level flight at 29,000 feet, the first production F-22 (tail no. 4001) passed through Mach 1.1 seven times. (3)
2005: Sixty years of American military airlift operations officially ended at AMC's "Gateway to Europe," Rhein-Main AB. At the ceremony the AMC Vice Commander, Lt Gen Christopher Kelly, unveiled the Spirit of Rhein-Main C-17 Globemaster III. Earlier on 1 October 2005, AMC transferred Rhein-Main's airlift responsibility to Ramstein and Spangdahlem AB. (22)
2006: From a Twin Otter aircraft, AFFTC parachutists made 10 jumps at Edwards AFB to test a new F-35 Joint Strike Fighter parachute system. The IGQ type 6000, which incorporated the parachute and harness into the F-35 cockpit, was designed to inflate at various speeds. It resembled an aeroconical dome when extended. (3)
2007: The USAF launched a Wideband Global SATCOM satellite, the first of a next generation of military communications satellites, from Cape Canaveral AFS, Fla., aboard an Atlas V booster. The new satellite augmented and would eventually replace the aging Defense Satellite Communications System. (AFNEWS, "First Next-Generation Communications Satellite Launches," 11 Oct 2007.)
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ANSWERS:
01. The Lone Ranger left behind a silver bullet.
02. The Ed Sullivan Show
03. On Route 66
04. To protect the innocent.
05. The Lion Sleeps Tonight
06. The Limbo
07. Chocolate
08. Louis Armstrong
09. The Timex watch
10. Freddy, The Freeloader and 'Good Night and God Bless.'
11. Draft cards (Bras were also burned by "feminists," to protest women being "second class citizens." Flags were not burned, as some have guessed.)
12. Beetle or Bug
13. Buddy Holly
14. Sputnik
15. Hoola-hoop
16. Lucky Strike/Means Fine Tobacco
17. Howdy Doody Time
18. Shadow
19. Monster Mash
20. Speedy
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