To All,
Good Friday Morning November 1, 2024. A good Bubba Breakfast in the morning. A beautiful day in the neighborhood here this morning. We will get to 71 today and then the 60s for a couple of days and then climb into the 70s with clear skies and no rain predicted for over a week. Can't beat that. Classes last night were very small so I brought out the Bo Staffs and showed them how to use them and twirl them…Always fun. The weeds and leaves are beckoning along with the dreaded LIST of honey dooos. Have a great weekend
Regards,
skip
Make it a good Day
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This day in Naval and Marine Corps History (thanks to NHHC)
Here is a link to the NHHC website: https://www.history.navy.mil/. Go here to see the director's corner for all 84 H-Grams .
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Today in Naval and Marine Corps History thanks to NHHC
Today in Naval and Marine Corps History
1 November
1777 During the American Revolution, the Continental sloop Ranger, commanded by Capt. John Paul Jones, departs for France carrying dispatches British Gen. John Burgoyne's surrender in the Saratoga, N.Y., campaign. The news helps solidify Frances support of the patriots. During the voyage, Ranger captures two British prizes, Mary and George, and sends them to France.
1841 The "Mosquito Fleet", commanded by Lt. Cmdr. J. T. McLaughlin, carries 750 Sailors and Marines into the Everglades to fight the Seminole Indians.
1864 CSS Chickamauga, commanded by Lt. John Wilkinson, captures schooners Goodspeed and Otter Rock off the northeast coast of the United States.
1941 President Franklin D. Roosevelts Executive Order 8929 transfers the U.S. Coast Guard to Navy Department control for the duration of a national emergency in order to perform anti-submarine patrols and escort high-value convoys.
1943 USS Borie (DD 215) rams and sinks the German submarine U-405 in the Atlantic. As a result from the ramming, she is so badly damaged that she is scuttled the following day after a failed attempt to tow her to port. Twenty-seven crewmen lose their lives in this engagement.
1944 USS Blackfin (SS 322) attacks a Japanese convoy and sinks auxiliary vessel Caroline Maru and transport No.12 Unkai Maru in Mindoro Strait. Meanwhile, USS Ray (SS 271) sinks the Japanese merchant tanker No.7 Horai Maru and lands a party of three men, together with two tons of supplies, at Mamburao on the west coast of Mindoro.
1952 During the Korean War, USS Vammen (DE 644) is taken under fire by an estimated 105 mm gun in the vicinity of Sinuong. One man is wounded by a shell fragment, but there is no material damage.
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Today in World History November 1
79 The city of Pompeii is buried by eruption of Mt. Vesuvius.
1512 Michelangelo's painting on the Sistine Chapel ceiling is exhibited for the first time.
1582 Maurice of Nassau, the son of William of Orange, becomes the governor of Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht.
1755 A great earthquake at Lisbon, Portugal, kills over 50,000 people.
1765 The Stamp Act goes into effect in the British colonies.
1861 Lieutenant General Winfield Scott, 50 year-veteran and leader of the U.S. Army at the onset of the Civil War, retires. General George McClellan is appointed general-in-chief of the Union armies.
1866 Wild woman of the west Myra Maybelle Shirley (Belle Starr) marries James C. Reed in Collins County, Texas.
1869 Louis Riel seizes Fort Garry, Winnipeg, during the Red River Rebellion.
1911 Italian planes perform the first aerial bombing on Tanguira oasis in Libya.
1923 Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company buys the rights to manufacture Zeppelin dirigibles.
1924 Legendary Oklahoma marshal Bill Tilghman, 71, is gunned down by a drunk in Cromwell, Oklahoma.
1936 Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini announces the Rome-Berlin axis after Count Ciano's visit to Germany.
1936 The Rodeo Cowboy's Association is founded.
1943 American troops invade Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
1945 John H. Johnson publishes the first issue of Ebony magazine.
1950 Two members of a Puerto Rican nationalist movement attempt to assassinate President Harry S Truman.
1951 Algerian National Liberation Front begins guerrilla warfare against the French.
1967 The first issue of Rolling Stone hits the streets.
1968 President Lyndon B. Johnson calls a halt to bombing in Vietnam, hoping this will lead to progress at the Paris peace talks.
1968 The Motion Picture Association of America officially introduces its rating system to indicate age-appropriateness of film content.
1973 Leon Jaworski appointed as new Watergate Special Prosecutor.
1981 Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United Kingdom.
1982 Honda opens a plant in Marysville, Ohio, becoming the first Asian automobile company to produce cars in the US.
2000 Serbia joins the United Nations.
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OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)
From the archives of rollingthunderremembered.com post for 1 November 1968… Rolling Thunder concludes .
Thanks to the Bear. We will always have the url for you to search items in Rolling Thunder
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER …
. rollingthunderremembered.com .
ROLLING THUNDER REMEMBERED Thanks to the Bear … Bear🇺🇸⚓️🐻
OPERATION ROLLING THUNDER (1965-1968)…
Thanks to the Bear
I have provided access to archive entries covering Commando Hunt operations for the period November 1968 through mid-September 1969. These posts are permanently available at the following link.
https://www.rollingthunderremembered.com/commando-hunt-post-list/
Thanks to Micro
To remind folks that these are from the Vietnam Air Losses site that Micro put together. You click on the url below and get what happened each day to the crew of the aircraft.
From Vietnam Air Losses site for November 31
1-Nov: https://www.vietnamairlosses.com/loss.php?id=872
following work accounts for every fixed wing loss of the Vietnam War and you can use it to read more about the losses in The Bear's Daily account. Even better it allows you to add your updated information to the work to update for history…skip
Vietnam Air Losses Access Chris Hobson and Dave Lovelady's work at: https://www.VietnamAirLosses.com.
This is a list of all Helicopter Pilots Who Died in the Vietnam War . Listed by last name and has other info https://www.vhpa.org/KIA/KIAINDEX.HTM
MOAA - Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Servicemembers Killed in the Vietnam War
The site works, find anyone you knew in "search" feature.
https://www.vvmf.org/Wall-of-Faces/ )
Wall of Faces Now Includes Photos of All Service members Killed in the Vietnam War
By: Kipp Hanley
AUGUST 15, 2022
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I apologize for not getting this out sooner. I had it tagged but fell behind going through my in box whichis still at 474 and climbing….Skip
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Subject: Fwd: HUZZAH! FOR EV. LONG OVERDUE
Skip… from SecNav Lehman… Bear
Begin forwarded message:
From: John Lehman
.Subject: HUZZAH! FOR EV. lONG OVERDUE
Navy pilot who was second-longest held US prisoner of war in line to receive Congressional Gold Medal
(Stars & Stripes) Lawmakers are pushing for swift passage of legislation to award the Congressional Gold Medal — the nation's highest civilian honor — to a Navy veteran who was the first aviator shot down in the Vietnam War and the second-longest held prisoner of war in U.S. history. Read More
VETERANS Navy pilot who was second-longest held US prisoner of war in line to receive Congressional Gold Medal By LINDA F. HERSEY STARS AND STRIPES • October 25, 2024 Retired Navy Cmdr. Everett Alvarez talks in May 2023 about his time as a prisoner of war during the Vietnam War. Alvarez was the first U.S. pilot shot down during the war. (Ken-Yon Hardy/Stars and Stripes)
WASHINGTON — Lawmakers are pushing for swift passage of legislation to award the Congressional Gold Medal — the nation's highest civilian honor — to a Navy veteran who was the first aviator shot down in the Vietnam War and the second-longest held prisoner of war in U.S. history. Retired Cmdr. Everett Alvarez Jr., now 86, was captured Aug. 5, 1964, while on a bombing mission near the North Vietnam-China border. "I was in the very first raids into North Vietnam," Alvarez said in an oral history recorded for the Library of Congress. He was the first captured American during the war who was sent to the infamous North Vietnamese prison nicknamed the "Hanoi Hilton." He survived beatings, torture and starvation during 3,113 days of captivity. "Cmdr. Alvarez remained loyal to the United States and assisted other American prisoners of war," according to the legislation. Congress awards the gold medal to individuals and groups for significant achievements that influenced U.S. culture and history. "I am humbled beyond belief," Alvarez said. "There is no way I am able to express my profound appreciation for this recognition." Alvarez said he sees the award as not only recognizing his war experiences and determination to survive but also as commemorating the hundreds of other POWs who endured the brutal conditions of captivity during the Vietnam War. The Everett Alvarez Jr. Gold Medal Act, with 301 co-sponsors, passed the House on unanimous consent in May. "As the second longest-serving prisoner of war in the history of our nation, Cmdr. Everett Alvarez Jr. stands out as a symbol of American resiliency and selfless service," said Rep. Jimmy Panetta, D-Calif., a Navy veteran who led the House bill. Lawmakers now are urging swift adoption in the Senate, where the bill has collected 67 co-sponsors. Senate lawmakers are expected to take up the bill when Congress returns to session on Nov. 13. "Cmdr. Alvarez is an American hero and remained a source of hope and encouragement for the other prisoners of war during his time in Vietnam," said Sen. Alex Padilla, D-Calif, the bill's sponsor in the Senate." Cmdr. Alvarez's unwavering courage and bravery in the face of torture and isolation deserves the highest recognition in Congress." The legislation is pending a hearing in the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. But the legislation also has enough co-sponsors to be discharged from committee for a vote, according to Padilla's office. Alvarez was the second-longest held American POW after Floyd Thompson, an Army colonel locked up for nine years in various locations in South Vietnam, Laos and North Vietnam. Former POW Everett Alvarez Jr. reads a copy of Stars and Stripes as he relaxes in the hospital after his release from the Hanoi Hilton in 1973. (Defense Department) Alvarez had been flying combat missions in 1964 from the USS Constellation, when the A-4 Skyhawk that he piloted was shot down. "Unfortunately, I managed to put my airplane into the path of something. Everything started to come apart. I had to eject. There was no alternative," he said in 2014. "I recall the moment when I felt the tug of my parachute," said Alvarez, who landed off the coast of Vietnam. He said he was surrounded by Vietnamese fishing boats and taken into custody by a heavily armed militia. Alvarez was held for five years at the Hanoi Hilton, also known as Hoa Lo Prison. Alvarez later was moved to a second prison camp northwest of Hanoi nicknamed "Briarpatch," which had no electricity, plumbing or running water. Alvarez spent 8½ years as a prisoner of war and endured months of isolation. He was among 52 POWs paraded before angry crowds in Hanoi that beat and kicked them. After his release in 1973, Alvarez continued his military career and completed 20 years of service. He was awarded the Silver Star Medal, two Legions of Merit and the Prisoner of War Medal, among other honors. As a civilian, he earned his law degree and held leadership roles in the Peace Corps and the Veterans Administration, now the Department of Veterans Affairs. LINDA F. HERSEY Linda F. Hersey is a veterans reporter based in Washington, D.C. She previously covered the Navy and Marine Corps at Inside Washington Publishers. She also was a government reporter at the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner in Alaska, where she reported on the military, economy and congressional delegation. RELATED STORIES 'It was a battle': Navy vet Everett Alvarez says belief in America got him through 8½ years as POW in Vietnam Vietnam War 'Dustoff' helicopter crews to receive Congressional Gold Medal Subscribe to Stars and StripesJust 99c a week!SUB
Source - Stars and Stripes
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. A GOOD READ.
https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-826573
'Complete surprise': IDF surrounds remaining terrorists in north Gaza, 600 surrender
The remaining terrorists in the northern Gaza Strip had gathered in Jabalya, prompting the military to encircle the area.
By AVI ASHKENAZI
OCTOBER 29, 2024
IDF troops operate in the Gaza Strip. October 28, 2024. (photo credit: IDF SPOKESPERSON'S UNIT)
The IDF's military operation in Jabalya in the northern Gaza Strip came as a surprise to the terrorists in the area, the military said on Monday.
"The surprise for Hamas was complete. We trapped hundreds of terrorists inside the camp, including senior operatives," the IDF said, adding that the terror group had used the population as human shields for over a week and had shot at the legs of residents who attempted to escape.
According to the IDF, the remaining terrorists in the northern Gaza Strip had gathered in Jabalya, prompting the military to encircle the area, evacuate the civilian population, isolate the terrorists, and prevent them from escaping.
Within hours, in a single night, the army surrounded the area.
Three brigades surrounded the camp: the 460th, Givati, and the 401st. The 460th Brigade, which reached schools and shelters, reported that this approach allowed them to evacuate five thousand residents. By the following day, twenty thousand more had left, and forces said that the residents' "fear barrier was broken."
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IDF troops operate in the Kamal Adwan hospital in Jabalya, northern Gaza Strip. October 28, 2024. (credit: IDF SPOKESPERSON'S UNIT)
The IDF stated that fifty thousand residents have left.
Approximately 600 terrorists surrendered in total, while hundreds of others were eliminated in the refugee camp.
The Kamal Adwan Hospital, the last location from which Hamas was able to operate in Jabalya, was encircled by the 460th Brigade. This prevented Hamas from regrouping before the encirclement was completed.
Some 60 terrorists surrendered in one instance, and 20 others were eliminated while attempting to flee the hospital.
Troops from Shayetet 13 entered the hospital and captured an additional 60 terrorists who were hiding in the hospital wards and were using patients as human shields.
At least one detainee posed as a staff member and was found to have participated in the October 7 massacre.
The decision to operate in the hospital came as a result of intelligence, which showed that the hospital served as a Hamas command center, housing dozens of terrorists.
The IDF estimated that only a few hundred terrorists remain in the center of the refugee camp.
Currently, the IDF is closing in on the center of the camp, but the military said that, despite the fighting in the camp not being fully completed, "the story of Jabalya is no longer what it was just a few days ago."
'On the verge of breaking'
According to the IDF, Hamas's tactics in Jabalya include an increase in the use of explosives and guerrilla warfare.
"These are not the battalions and companies we saw at the beginning of the fighting a year ago. They are on the verge of breaking. Their combat capability is significantly lower. In the first round, we didn't see 600 terrorists surrendering," the IDF said.
However, the full encirclement of the area is what trapped the terrorists, preventing them from escaping as they had in the past.
On Tuesday, the military said ground troops of the 162nd Division had eliminated dozens of terrorists in Jabalya and destroyed terror infrastructure.
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THANKS TO 1440
> The Lore of Lydia's Ghost
Longreads | Elizabeth Friend. It is one of North Carolina's most well-known legends: A man helps a young woman hitchhiking by a bridge late at night only to discover she may have been a ghost. What kernel of truth might the story be based on—and what can it teach us about why some stories endure? (Read)
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Thanks to History Facts
. Why Is 13 Considered an Unlucky Number?
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UNLUCKY NUMBER 13
The number 13 has long been considered unlucky in many Western cultures. Even today — in a world far less superstitious than it was in the past — a surprising amount of people have a genuine, deep-rooted fear of the number 13, known as triskaidekaphobia. For this reason, many hotels don't list the presence of a 13th floor (Otis Elevators reports 85% of its elevator panels omit the number), and many airlines skip row 13. And the more specific yet directly connected fear of Friday the 13th, known as paraskevidekatriaphobia, results in financial losses in excess of $800 million annually in the United States as significant numbers of people avoid traveling, getting married, or even working on the unlucky day. But why is 13 considered such a harbinger of misfortune? What has led to this particular number being associated with bad luck? While historians and academics aren't entirely sure of the exact origins of the superstition, there are a handful of historical, religious, and mythological matters that may have combined to create the very real fear surrounding the number 13.
The Code of Hammurabi
The Code of Hammurabi was one of the earliest and most comprehensive legal codes to be proclaimed and written down. It dates back to the Babylonian King Hammurabi, who reigned from 1792 to 1750 BCE. Carved onto a massive stone pillar, the code set out some 282 rules, including fines and punishments for various misdeeds, but the 13th rule was notably missing. The artifact is often cited as one of the earliest recorded instances of 13 being perceived as unlucky and therefore omitted. Some scholars argue, however, that it was simply a clerical error. Either way, it may well have contributed to the long-standing negative associations surrounding the number 13.
The Trickster God Loki
The idea of 13 being unlucky may have originated with, or at least have been bolstered by, a story in Norse mythology involving the trickster god Loki. In this particular myth, 12 gods are having a dinner party at Valhalla when a 13th — and uninvited — guest arrives. It is the mischievous Loki, who sets about contriving a situation in which Hoder, the blind god of darkness, fatally shoots Balder the Beautiful, the god of joy and gladness, with an arrow. It's possible that this ill-fated myth helped cement the number's connection to chaos and misfortune in Nordic cultures, and in Western civilization more widely.
The Last Supper
Christianity has also helped fuel the superstition surrounding the number 13. In the New Testament — as in Norse mythology — there is a fateful gathering centered around a meal, in this case the Last Supper. At the dinner, Jesus Christ gathers with his Twelve Apostles — making 13 attendees in total. Judas Iscariot, the apostle who betrayed Jesus, is often considered to have been the 13th guest to sit down at the Last Supper, which might have contributed to the number's negative connotation. This, in turn, may have led to the notion of Friday the 13th being a day of misfortune or malevolence, as the Last Supper (with its 13 attendees) was on a Thursday, and the next day was Friday, the day of the crucifixion.
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It's also possible that 13 gained a bad reputation because of the squeaky-clean nature of the number 12. In Christian numerology, 12 symbolizes God's power and authority and carries a notion of completeness (a concept also found in pre-Christian societies). Its neighboring numeral may have suffered as a result, being seen as conflicting with this sense of goodness and perfection, further adding to the potent and enduring idea that the number 13 is unlucky.
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Thanks to the Smithsonian
When Halloween Was All Tricks and No Treats
Nineteenth-century urbanization unleashed the nation's anarchic spirits, turning holiday mischief into mayhem
Imagine. Pre-electricity, no moon. It's late October, and the people whisper: This is the season for witchery, the night the spirits of the dead rise from their graves and hover behind the hedges.
The wind kicks up, and branches click like skeletal finger bones. You make it home, run inside, wedge a chair against the door, and strain to listen. There's a sharp rap at the window and when you turn, terrified, it's there leering at you—a glowing, disembodied head with a deep black hole where its mouth should be.
It's just a scooped-out pumpkin, nicked from a field by some local boys and lit from the inside with the stub of a candle. But it has spooked you. When you look again, it's gone.
Halloween in early 19th-century America was a night for pranks, tricks, illusions, and anarchy. Jack-o'-lanterns dangled from the ends of sticks, and teens jumped out from behind walls to terrorize smaller kids. Like the pumpkin patches and pageants that kids love today, it was all in good fun—but then, over time, it wasn't.
As America modernized and urbanized, mischief turned to mayhem and eventually incited a movement to quell what the mid-20th-century press called the "Halloween problem"—and to make the holiday a safer diversion for youngsters. If it weren't for the tricks of the past, there'd be no treats today.
Halloween was born nearly 2,000 years ago in the Celtic countries of northwestern Europe. November 1 was the right time for it—the date cut the agricultural year in two. It was Samhain, summer's end, the beginning of the dangerous season of darkness and cold—which according to folklore, created a rift in reality that set spirits free, both good and bad. Those spirits were to blame for the creepy things—people lost in fairy mounds, dangerous creatures that emerged from the mist—that happened at that time of year.
Immigrants from Ireland and Scotland brought their Halloween superstitions to America in the 18th and 19th centuries, and their youngsters—our great- and great-great grandfathers—became the first American masterminds of mischief. Kids strung ropes across sidewalks to trip people in the dark, tied the doorknobs of opposing apartments together, mowed down shrubs, upset swill barrels, rattled or soaped windows, and, once, filled the streets of Catalina Island with boats. Pranksters coated chapel seats with molasses in 1887, exploded pipe bombs for kicks in 1888, and smeared the walls of new houses with black paint in 1891. Two hundred boys in Washington, D.C., used bags of flour to attack well-dressed folks on streetcars in 1894.
Teens used to terrorize smaller children on Halloween.
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In this era, when Americans generally lived in small communities and better knew their neighbors, it was often the local grouch who was the brunt of Halloween mischief. The children would cause trouble and the adults would just smile guiltily to themselves, amused by rocking chairs engineered onto rooftops, or pigs set free from sties. But when early 20th-century Americans moved into crowded urban centers—full of big city problems like poverty, segregation, and unemployment—pranking took on a new edge. Kids pulled fire alarms, threw bricks through shop windows, and painted obscenities on the principal's home. They struck out blindly against property owners, adults, and authority in general. They begged for money or sweets, and threatened vandalism if they didn't receive them.
Some grown-ups began to fight back. Newspapers in the early 20th century reported incidents of homeowners firing buckshot at pranksters who were only 11 or 12 years old. "Letting the air out of tires isn't fun anymore," wrote the Superintendent of Schools of Rochester, New York in a newspaper editorial in 1942, as U.S. participation in World War II was escalating. "It's sabotage. Soaping windows isn't fun this year. Your government needs soaps and greases for the war … Even ringing doorbells has lost its appeal because it may mean disturbing the sleep of a tired war worker who needs his rest." That same year, the Chicago City Council voted to abolish Halloween and instead institute a "Conservation Day" on October 31. (Implementation got kicked to the mayor, who doesn't appear to have done much about it.)
The effort to restrain and recast the holiday continued after World War II, as adults moved Halloween celebrations indoors and away from destructive tricks, and gave the holiday over to younger and younger children. The Senate Judiciary Committee under President Truman recommended Halloween be repurposed as "Youth Honor Day" in 1950, hoping that communities would celebrate and cultivate the moral fiber of children. The House of Representatives, sidetracked by the Korean War, neglected to act on the motion, but there were communities that took it up: On October 31, 1955 in Ocala, Florida, a Youth Honor Day king and queen were crowned at a massive party sponsored by the local Moose Lodge. As late as 1962, New York City Mayor Robert F. Wagner, Jr. wanted to change Halloween to UNICEF Day, to shift the emphasis of the night to charity.
Of course, the real solution was already gaining in practice by that time. Since there were children already out demanding sweets or money, why not turn it into it a constructive tradition? Teach them how to politely ask for sweets from neighbors, and urge adults to have treats at the ready. The first magazine articles detailing "trick or treat" in the United States appeared in The American Home in the late 1930s. Radio programs aimed at children, such as The Baby Snooks Show, and TV shows aimed at families, like The Jack Benny Program, put the idea of trick-or-treating in front of a national audience. The 1952 Donald Duck cartoon Trick or Treat reached millions via movie screens and TV. It featured the antics of Huey, Dewey, and Louie, who, with the help of Witch Hazel's potions, get Uncle Donald to give them candy instead of the explosives he first pops into their treat bags.
The transition could be slow. On one episode of The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, costumed kids come to the door, and Ozzie and Harriet are baffled. But food companies—Beatrice Foods, Borden, National Biscuit Company—quickly took notice and got into the candy business, and even tobacco companies like Philip Morris jumped in. Halloween candy and costume profits hit $300 million in 1965 and kept rising. Trick-or-treating—child-oriented and ideal for the emerging suburbs that housed a generation of Baby Boomers—became synonymous with Halloween. Reckless behavior was muted, and porch lights welcomed costumed kids coast to coast.
Today, trick or treat has more variants: trunk or treat, where kids go car-to-car in a parking lot asking for candy; and trick or treat for UNICEF, where youngsters collect money for charity along with their treats. Few children, especially young ones, have an inkling of what mischief was once possible.
For those nostalgic about the old days of Halloween mischief, all is not lost. Query the MIT police about the dissected-and-reassembled police car placed atop the Great Dome on the college's Cambridge campus in 1994. Or ask the New York City pranksters who decorated a Lexington Avenue subway car as a haunted house in 2008. There's even an annual Naked Pumpkin Run in Boulder, Colorado.
The modern Halloween prank—be it spectacle, internet joke, entertainment, or clever subversion—is a treat in disguise, an offering that's usually as much fun for the tricked as it is for the trickster. Halloween is still seen as a day to cause mischief, to mock authority, and make the haves give to the have-nots—or at least shine a light on the fact that they should. For that, Americans can thank the long line of pranksters who came before us
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This Day in U S Military History
November 1
1620 – 41 Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower, anchored off Massachusetts, signed a compact calling for a "body politick." 102 Pilgrims stepped ashore. They called themselves Saints and the others Strangers. One passenger died enroute and 2 were born during the passage. Their military commander was Miles Standish.
1942 – On Guadalcanal, two Marine regiments begin an attack west across the Matanikau River. American engineers have built bridges to aid supplying the attacks. There is heavy fighting. East of the American positions, American troops advance toward Koli Point to preempt an expected Japanese landing.
1943 – The US 3rd Marine Division (General Turnage) lands on Bougainville, in Empress Augusta Bay at Cape Tarokina. By the end of the day 14,000 American troops are ashore. Task Force 31 (Admiral Wilkinson) provides transport, Task Force 39 (Admiral Merrill) provides support with 4 cruisers and 8 destroyers and Task Force 38 (Admiral Sherman) with the carriers Saratoga and Princeton conduct raids against Buka and the Buna airfields. Coast Guard units also are in support. The local garrison of about 200 Japanese are overcome quickly. However, the island is defended by the Japanese 17th Army (General Hyakutake) with 40,000 troops and 20,000 naval personnel concentrated in the south. After unsuccessful air attacks on the landings the Japanese dispatch Admiral Omori from Rabaul in New Britain with 4 cruisers and 6 destroyers. Nearby a marine battalion occupies Puruata Island after defeating Japanese resistance. Meanwhile, the US 2nd Marine Parachute Battalion on Choiseul continues to engage Japanese forces. This is a diversion from the attack on Bougainville.
1943 – In the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, United States Marines, the 3rd Marine Division, land on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
1944 – On Leyte, Japanese forces in the line are reinforced by 2000 men for the base at Ormoc. The defending Japanese forces now consists of forces of the 36th Army (General Suzuki) including the original 16th Division and the new 30th and 102nd Divisions. The attacking US 7th Division (part of US 24th Corps) captures Baybay. Offshore, an American destroyer is sunk, and 5 others are badly damaged by Japanese Kamikaze and bombing attacks.
1944 – The first of some 9000 paper balloons, carrying bombs intended to be dropped over North American land, are released near Tokyo.
1944 – The US B-29 Superfortress "Tokyo Rose" of the 3rd Photo Reconnaissance Squadron makes the first American flight over Tokyo since 1942.
Medal of Honor Citations for Actions Taken This Day
. CASAMENTO, ANTHONY
Rank and organization: Corporal, Company D, First Battalion, Fifth Marines, First Marine Division. Place and date: Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. Entered service at: Brooklyn, New York. Date and place of birth: 16 November 1920, Brooklyn, New York. For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving with Company D, 1st Battalion, 5th Marines, 1st Marine Division on Guadalcanal, British Solomon Islands, in action against the enemy Japanese forces on 1 November 1942. Serving as a leader of a machine gun section, Corporal Casamento directed his unit to advance along a ridge near the Matanikau River where they engaged the enemy. He positioned his section to provide covering fire for two flanking units and to provide direct support for the main force of his company which was behind him. During the course of this engagement, all members of his section were either killed or severely wounded and he himself suffered multiple, grievous wounds. Nonetheless, Corporal Casamento continued to provide critical supporting fire for the attack and in defense of his position. Following the loss of all effective personnel, he set up, loaded, and manned his unit's machine gun. tenaciously holding the enemy forces at bay. Corporal Casamento single-handedly engaged and destroyed one machine gun emplacement to his front and took under fire the other emplacement on the flank. Despite the heat and ferocity of the engagement, he continued to man his weapon and repeatedly repulsed multiple assaults by the enemy forces, thereby protecting the flanks of the adjoining companies and holding his position until the arrival of his main attacking force. Corporal Casamento's courageous fighting spirit, heroic conduct, and unwavering dedication to duty reflected great credit upon himself and were in keeping with the highest traditions of the Marine Corps and the United States Naval Service.
*HANSON, ROBERT MURRAY
Rank and organization: First Lieutenant, U.S. Marine Corps Reserve. Born: 4 February 1920, Lucknow, India. Accredited to: Massachusetts. Other Navy awards: Navy Cross, Air Medal. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life and above and beyond the call of duty as fighter pilot attached to Marine Fighting Squadron 215 in action against enemy Japanese forces at Bougainville Island, 1 November 1943; and New Britain Island, 24 January 1944. Undeterred by fierce opposition, and fearless in the face of overwhelming odds, 1st Lt. Hanson fought the Japanese boldly and with daring aggressiveness. On 1 November, while flying cover for our landing operations at Empress Augusta Bay, he dauntlessly attacked 6 enemy torpedo bombers, forcing them to jettison their bombs and destroying 1 Japanese plane during the action. Cut off from his division while deep in enemy territory during a high cover flight over Simpson Harbor on 24 January, 1st Lt. Hanson waged a lone and gallant battle against hostile interceptors as they were orbiting to attack our bombers and, striking with devastating fury, brought down 4 Zeroes and probably a fifth. Handling his plane superbly in both pursuit and attack measures, he was a master of individual air combat, accounting for a total of 25 Japanese aircraft in this theater of war. His great personal valor and invincible fighting spirit were in keeping with the highest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service.
*OWENS, ROBERT ALLEN
Rank and organization: Sergeant, U.S. Marine Corps. Born: 13 September 1920, Greenville, S.C. Accredited to: South Carolina. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving with a marine division, in action against enemy Japanese forces during extremely hazardous landing operations at Cape Torokina, Bougainville, Solomon Islands, on 1 November 1943. Forced to pass within disastrous range of a strongly protected, well-camouflaged Japanese 75-mm. regimental gun strategically located on the beach, our landing units were suffering heavy losses in casualties and boats while attempting to approach the beach, and the success of the operations was seriously threatened. Observing the ineffectiveness of marine rifle and grenade attacks against the incessant, devastating fire of the enemy weapon and aware of the urgent need for prompt action, Sgt. Owens unhesitatingly determined to charge the gun bunker from the front and, calling on 4 of his comrades to assist him, carefully placed them to cover the fire of the 2 adjacent hostile bunkers. Choosing a moment that provided a fair opportunity for passing these bunkers, he immediately charged into the mouth of the steadily firing cannon and entered the emplacement through the fire port, driving the guncrew out of the rear door and insuring their destruction before he himself was wounded. Indomitable and aggressive in the face of almost certain death, Sgt. Owens silenced a powerful gun which was of inestimable value to the Japanese defense and, by his brilliant initiative and heroic spirit of self-sacrifice, contributed immeasurably to the success of the vital landing operations. His valiant conduct throughout reflects the highest credit upon himself and the U.S. Naval Service.
*KAPAUN, EMIL JOSEPH
Rank: Captain (Chaplain), Organization: U.S. Army, Company: 3d Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, Division: 1st Cavalry Division, born: April 20, 1916 / Pilsen, Kansas, Departed: Yes (05/23/1951), Entered Service At: Kansas, G.O. Number: , Date of Issue: 04/11/2013, Accredited To: Kansas, Place / Date: Unsan, Korea, November 1-2, 1950. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving with the 3d Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division during combat operations against an armed enemy at Unsan, Korea, from November 1-2, 1950. On November 1, as Chinese Communist Forces viciously attacked friendly elements, Chaplain Kapaun calmly walked through withering enemy fire in order to provide comfort and medical aid to his comrades and rescue friendly wounded from no-man's land. Though the Americans successfully repelled the assault, they found themselves surrounded by the enemy. Facing annihilation, the able-bodied men were ordered to evacuate. However, Chaplain Kapaun, fully aware of his certain capture, elected to stay behind with the wounded. After the enemy succeeded in breaking through the defense in the early morning hours of November 2, Chaplain Kapaun continually made rounds, as hand-to-hand combat ensued. As Chinese Communist Forces approached the American position, Chaplain Kapaun noticed an injured Chinese officer amongst the wounded and convinced him to negotiate the safe surrender of the American Forces. Shortly after his capture, Chaplain Kapaun, with complete disregard for his personal safety and unwavering resolve, bravely pushed aside an enemy soldier preparing to execute Sergeant First Class Herbert A. Miller. Not only did Chaplain Kapaun's gallantry save the life of Sergeant Miller, but also his unparalleled courage and leadership inspired all those present, including those who might have otherwise fled in panic, to remain and fight the enemy until captured. Chaplain Kapaun's extraordinary heroism and selflessness, above and beyond the call of duty, are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit upon himself, the 3d Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, the 1st Cavalry Division, and the United States Army.
ROGERS, CHARLES CALVIN
Rank and organization: Lieutenant Colonel, U.S . Army, 1st Battalion, 5th Artillery, 1st Infantry Division. Place and date: Fishhook, near Cambodian border, Republic of Vietnam, 1 November 1968. Entered service at: Institute, W Va. Born: 6 September 1929, Claremont, W Va. Citation: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Lt. Col. Rogers, Field Artillery, distinguished himself in action while serving as commanding officer, 1st Battalion, during the defense of a forward fire support base. In the early morning hours, the fire support base was subjected to a concentrated bombardment of heavy mortar, rocket and rocket propelled grenade fire. Simultaneously the position was struck by a human wave ground assault, led by sappers who breached the defensive barriers with bangalore torpedoes and penetrated the defensive perimeter. Lt. Col. Rogers with complete disregard for his safety moved through the hail of fragments from bursting enemy rounds to the embattled area. He aggressively rallied the dazed artillery crewmen to man their howitzers and he directed their fire on the assaulting enemy. Although knocked to the ground and wounded by an exploding round, Lt. Col. Rogers sprang to his feet and led a small counterattack force against an enemy element that had penetrated the howitzer positions. Although painfully wounded a second time during the assault, Lt. Col. Rogers pressed the attack killing several of the enemy and driving the remainder from the positions. Refusing medical treatment, Lt. Col. Rogers reestablished and reinforced the defensive positions. As a second human wave attack was launched against another sector of the perimeter, Lt. Col. Rogers directed artillery fire on the assaulting enemy and led a second counterattack against the charging forces. His valorous example rallied the beleaguered defenders to repulse and defeat the enemy onslaught. Lt. Col. Rogers moved from position to position through the heavy enemy fire, giving encouragement and direction to his men. At dawn the determined enemy launched a third assault against the fire base in an attempt to overrun the position. Lt. Col. Rogers moved to the threatened area and directed lethal fire on the enemy forces. Seeing a howitzer inoperative due to casualties, Lt. Col. Rogers joined the surviving members of the crew to return the howitzer to action. While directing the position defense, Lt. Col. Rogers was seriously wounded by fragments from a heavy mortar round which exploded on the parapet of the gun position. Although too severely wounded to physically lead the defenders, Lt. Col. Rogers continued to give encouragement and direction to his men in the defeating and repelling of the enemy attack. Lt. Col. Rogers' dauntless courage and heroism inspired the defenders of the fire support base to the heights of valor to defeat a determined and numerically superior enemy force. His relentless spirit of aggressiveness in action are in the highest traditions of the military service and reflects great credit upon himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.
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AMERICAN AEROSPACE EVENTS for November 1, FIRSTS, LASTS, AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOMPLISHMENTS. THANKS TO HAROLD "PHIL" MYERS CHIEF HISTORIAN AIR FORCE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE AGENCY
1 November
1920: Aeromarine West Indies Airways started US international passenger service between Key West and Havana, Cuba. (21) (24)
1944: A Boeing F-13, a photoreconnaissance version of the B-29, became the first US plane to fly over Tokyo since April 1942. (20) (24) The nation's first R&D center for rocket propulsion systems, founded at Cal Tech in 1936, reorganized and became the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. (6)
1950: KOREAN WAR. During the UN forces' retreat from the Yalu back toward the 38th parallel, Soviet-made MiG-15s entered the conflict for the first time, when six MiG-15 jets appeared for the first time in the war and fired on a T-6 and an F-51 Mustang flight in the Yalu River area. This action set the stage for the air-to-air combat that would take place the rest of the war principally between the MiG-15 and the USAF F-86 Sabre. (17) KOREAN WAR. Three Yak fighters attacked USAF aircraft over northwestern N. Korea. A B-26 crew claimed a Yak, while two F-51 pilots shot down the other two enemy aircraft for the first aerial victories since July. At Sinuiju airfield, F-80s destroyed several Yak fighters on the ground. Antiaircraft artillery located across the Yalu River shot down a FEAF jet. (28)
1952: KOREAN WAR. Fifth Air Force fighter-bombers attacked three railroad bridges at Yongmidong. The 61st Troop Carrier Group began to phase its C-54s out of the airlift to prepare for its return to the US. (28)
1954: The USAF retired its last B-29 Superfortress from service. The aircraft had less than 12 years in the active inventory. (16) (21)
1955: The USS Boston, the world's first guided missile cruiser, commissioned and equipped with Terrier missiles. (16) (24)
1957: The GAM-63 Rascal air-to-surface missile officially became operational in SAC. 1960: San Vito Dei Normanni Air Station, Italy, activated and assigned to Seventeenth Air Force.
1964: SAC activated the first wing for Minuteman II, the 321 SMW at Grand Forks AFB. (6) During the early morning hours, the Viet Cong attacked Bien Hoa AB with mortars. The Viet Cong killed four and wounded 30 Americans. Additionally, they destroyed 7 and damaged 18 USAF and Vietnamese Air Force aircraft. (17)
1967: AFLC began jet service on its logistic airlift (LOGAIR) contract service.
1968: President Johnson halted all bombing of North Vietnam. (16) (26)
1970: The 336 TFS began the first USAF tests of new bare base mobility equipment in a field exercise at North Field, S.C. The exercise demonstrated the unit's ability to deploy and operate from a bare base site using specially designed air transportable, expendable shelters and work facilities. The buildings included dormitories, workshops, hangars, control tower, medical facilities, and water systems. (16)
1975: The USAF transferred the 1st Airborne Command and Control Squadron (ACCS) to SAC with three E-4 modified Boeing 747s. These planes, with EC-135-type communications equipment, served as the National Emergency Airborne Command Post. (1)
1978: The 97 BMW at Blytheville AFB demilitarized and removed the last GAM-72A Quail missiles from the SAC inventory. (6)
1983: Production of 440 ALCMs from the FY1982 buy began. (12) Following a 30 October earthquake in northeastern Turkey, MAC transported 234 tons of relief supplies to the disaster site on 4 C-141 and 13 C-130 missions flown through 5 November. (2)
1985: The Dutch government approved the deployment of USAFE GLCMs to Woensdrecht, Netherlands. (16) .
1989: McDonnell-Douglas delivered the Navy's first production-model F/A-18C Hornet with night attack capabilities at the Naval Air Test Station, NAS Patuxent River. (8: Feb 90)
1991: After a Canadian C-130 Hercules crashed in Greenland, a C-5 Galaxy from Elmendorf AFB carried a 36-man search and rescue team from the Alaskan National Guard and two MH-60G Pavehawk helicopters to Thule, Greenland. The team located the crash site some 300 miles from the North Pole and rescued 13 of 18 Canadian crewmen. (16) (26)
1995: Wright-Patterson AFB hosted the Presidents of Bosnia, Croatia, and Serbia for peace talks to end war (DELIBERATE FORCE) in the former Yugoslavia. (26)
1998: The FAA waiver allowed the pilotless Global Hawk UAV to fly within the National Airspace System, or outside of dedicated military airspace, during its remaining test program. (3)
2001: A B-1B successfully launched its first live Wind-Corrected Munitions Dispenser (WCMD). (3) Lt Col Linda K. McTague became the 201st Airlift Squadron commander (DC ANG). She was the first woman to command an Air Guard flying squadron. (32)
2007: Operation MAGGY MIGRATION. A C-17 Globemaster III flew Maggie, a 25-year-old African elephant from the Alaska Zoo to the Performing Animals Welfare Society (PAWS) sanctuary in California. Air Force members loaded Maggie onto the C-17 at Elmendorf AFB, Alaska, and flew her to Travis AFB, Calif. (AFNEWS, "Air Force to Fly Elephant From Alaska to California," 26 Oct 2007.)
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